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At least 91 records · Page 5

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NASA NTRS1985

North-south and dawn-dusk plasma asymmetries in the distant tail lobes - ISEE 3

ISEE 3 plasma measurements made in the distant geomagnetic tail during rapid traversals of the current sheet from one lobe to the other show that the lobe densities on opposite sides of the current sheet often differ by a factor of approximately 3-10 or more. On the dawnside of the tail the north lobe plasma has the higher density when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) has a +By component, and the south lobe plasma has the higher density when the IMF has a -By component. The sense of this asymmetry is reversed on the dusk-side of the tail. Such IMF-controlled asymmetries in lobe plasma density are consistent with earlier observations made much closer to earth and can be interpreted most simply as a consequence of an 'open' geomagnetic tail.

Gosling, J. T.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Seasonal north-south asymmetry in solar radiation incident on Jupiter's atmosphere

A selected set of planetocentric latitudes is used in calculations of the seasonal solar radiation pattern incident on top of the Jovian atmosphere, thereby demonstrating the combined effect of solar distance and declination. Attention is given to hemispheric asymmetries in the Jovian atmosphere's average zonal winds and cloud system morphologies. Marked hemispheric asymmetries are noted in the cloud morphology and in the magnitude and latitudinal position of eastward and westward maxima in the average zonal winds, suggesting seasonal forcing on the order of magnitude presently considered. Supporting observations by Voyagers 1 and 2 are cited.

Beebe, R. F.↗

NASA NTRS1986

Seasonal north-south asymmetry in solar radiation at the top of Jupiter's atmosphere

Beebe, R.↗

NASA NTRS1987

Balmer profiles in the geocorona and interstellar space. I - Asymmetries due to fine structure

While the Doppler profiles of Balmer-alpha and -beta are in principle analyzable in order to derive orbital data concerning both escaping and satellite geocoronal particles, interpretations are in practice hampered by a lack of understanding of profile properties apart from such geocoronal features as an asymmetry, caused by the absence of escape velocity-exceeding, downward-directed particles. Attention is accordingly given to the profiles of H atoms which, while emitting radiation from a complete Maxwellian distribution, also exhibit an H-alpha fine structure-generated asymmetry which is a predictable function of the excitation mechanism.

Chamberlain, Joseph W.↗

NASA NTRS1987

Intrinsic asymmetry in NGC 6251

The giant radio galaxy NGC 6251, which has a one-sided 'core-jet' structure on parsec scales and sufficient density for mapping with the Mark II VLBI system, is studied. The large-scale radio structure of this source suggests that it is not being seen 'end-on' and that the basic relativistic beaming model thus does not explain the observed asymmetry in this source. The possibility that the parsec-scale asymmetry in the source is due to intrinsic factors is discussed.

Jones, Dayton L.↗

NASA NTRS1989

Results of the first statistical study of Pioneer Venus Orbiter plasma observations in the distant Venus tail - Evidence for a hemispheric asymmetry in the pickup of ionospheric ions

Pioneer Venus Orbiter plasma and magnetometer observations from the first nine tail seasons of crossings of the Venus wake are used to study ion pickup in the far wake of an unmagnetized object embedded in the solar wind. This statistical study treats all of the plasma spectra containing pickup ions in the vicinity of the Venus tail. A hemispheric asymmetry is found in the pickup of ionospheric ions, with approximately four times more O(+) events observed in the 'northern' magnetic hemisphere (where the induced electric field points outward) than in the 'southern' magnetic hemisphere. Out of a total of 167 large O(+) events, 125, or 75 percent, occurred in the northern hemisphere when position is calculated in terms of Venus radii, and 129 or 77 percent occurred in the 'northern' hemisphere when position is expressed in gyroradii. This hemispheric asymmetry in ion pickup is consistent with the prediction of the Cloutier et al. (1974) mass loading model for Venusian ions above the ionopause boundary.

Intriligator, Devrie S.↗

NASA NTRS1990

Magnetic asymmetries of unmagnetized planets

This letter discusses the results produced by three-dimensional hybrid particle code simulations of the solar wind interaction with unmagnetized planets such as Venus and Mars. The solar wind velocity is perpendicular to the IMF in the cases studied. It is found that there are asymmetries in both the magnetic structure and shock location for spherical obstacles ranging in radius from 1000 km to 6000 km. The asymmetries found are due to differences in the electron and ion current paths (diamagnetic behavior). Mass loading of 0(+) was not included in these simulations.

Brecht, Stephen H.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Line-shape asymmetry of water vapor absorption lines in the 720-nm wavelength region

Spectral line-shape analyses were performed for water vapor lines broadened by argon, oxygen, and xenon in the 720-nm wavelength region. A line-shape asymmetry was observed, which is attributed to statistical dependence or correlation between velocity- and state-changing collisions. The generalized (asymmetric) Galatry profile, which results from the soft-collision profile and includes correlation between velocity- and state-changing collisions, was fitted to the observed line shapes and was found to compare favorably with the observed data. The most prominent asymmetries were observed with xenon as the buffer gas.

Grossmann, Benoist E.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Determining Asymmetry Of A Weld Puddle

Sensing-and-data-processing subsystem provides information of asymmetry of weld puddle with respect to original midplane of joint. Shape of puddle inferred from surface-temperature distribution. Part of welding-control system which enables system to correct for asymmetry.

Gutow, David A.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Effects Of Asymmetry Of NRZ Data Signals On Performance

Report presents theoretical analysis of effects of asymmetry in binary non-return-to-zero (NRZ) data signals upon performance of radiotelemetry system. Simple mathematical model predicting overall degradation of bit signal-to-noise ratio of telemetry system derived. Shows degradation increases with asymmetry.

Nguyen, Tien M.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Asymmetry In Biphase Data Signals

Report presents analysis of some effects of asymmetry in Manchester (biphase) binary data signal transmitted by phase modulation of sinusoidal carrier signal. Report extends analysis described in article, "Effects of Asymmetry of NRZ Data Signals on Performance" (NPO-18261), to include case where data biphase-modulated directly on residual carrier.

Nguyen, Tien M.↗

NASA NTRS1991

The impact of NRZ data asymmetry on the performance of a space telemetry system

The author derives an expression for the power spectral density of an asymmetric nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) data stream. This formula is used to investigate how the data bandwidth varies with data asymmetry. The threshold levels of undesired spectral components that fall into the carrier tracking loop bandwidth are determined by examining the derived spectral density. Based on this formula, a simple technique is developed for the computation of bit signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation due to data asymmetry. The telemetry bit SNR degradations derived using this technique are compared with the results obtained previously by Simon et al. (1978) and with measurements by the electronic systems test laboratory (ESTL) at the Johnson Space Center.

Nguyen, Tien M.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Line profile asymmetries in chromospherically active stars

A powerful, new probe of chromospheric activity, cross-correlation, has been developed and applied to a variety of stars. In this particular application, an entire CCD spectrum of an active star is correlated with the spectrum of a narrow-line, inactive star of similar spectral type and luminosity class. Using a number of strong lines in this manner enables the detection of absorption profile asymmetries at moderate resolution (lambda/Delta lambda about 40,000) and S/N 150:1. This technique has been applied to 14 systems mostly RS CVn's, with 10 not greater than nu sin i not greater than 50 km/s and P not less than 7 d. Distortions were detected for the first time in five systems: Sigma Gem, IM Peg, GX Lib, UV Crb, and Zeta And. Detailed modeling, incorporating both spectral line profiles and broad-band photometry, is applied to Sigma Gem. Profile asymmetries for this star are fitted by two high-latitude spots covering 5 percent of the stellar surface. The derived spot temperature of 3400 K is lower than found in previous studies. In addition, two well-known systems have been studied: HD 199178 and V711 Tau. Polar spots are found on both.

Dempsey, Robert C.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Torsional vestibulo-ocular reflex measurements for identifying otolith asymmetries possibly related to space motion sickness susceptibility

Recent studies have identified significant correlations between space motion sickness susceptibility and measures of disconjugate torsional eye movements recorded during parabolic flights. These results support an earlier proposal which hypothesized that an asymmetry of otolith function between the two ears is the cause of space motion sickness. It may be possible to devise experiments that can be performed in the 1 g environment on earth that could identify and quantify the presence of asymmetric otolith function. This paper summarizes the known physiological and anatomical properties of the otolith organs and the properties of the torsional vestibulo-ocular reflex which are relevant to the design of a stimulus to identify otolith asymmetries. A specific stimulus which takes advantage of these properties is proposed.

Peterka, Robert J.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Parameterization of asymmetry in magnetoacoustic emission by numerical processes

Two methods for processing the digitized waveform data obtained from magnetoacoustic emission measurements on a high-strength steel are investigated. Two different techniques to obtain an asymmetry parameter are presented. It is shown that the variation in this asymmetry parameter from five embrittled samples and one unembrittled steel sample can be related to the impact toughness and is not dependent on the magnetic field strength. This technique is nondestructive and is shown to determine the normalized impact toughness of a high-strength steel to better than 14 percent in the decade of interest. A comparison of a magnetoacoustic emission burst and pickup coil output from an unembrittled steel sample and an embrittled sample is illustrated.

Birt, E. A.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Multiple spacecraft survey of the north-south asymmetry of the interplanetary magnetic field

Spacecraft observations spanning 22 AU of heliocentric distance performed over 23 years have been used to examine the N-S asymmetry of the interplanetary magnetic field. The winding of the Parker spiral both north and south of the heliospheric current sheet as observed by the Pioneer-Venus Orbiter and numerous near-earth spacecraft is examined using the observed sector structure of the solar wind. It is concluded that a significant and persistent asymmetry exists between the two hemispheres at 0.7 and 1 AU.

Smith, Charles W.↗

NASA NTRS1993

Local time asymmetries in the Venus thermosphere

A comparison is presented of the 130-m images taken in the Venus thermosphere by the Pioneer Venus Orbiter Ultraviolet Spectrometer (PVOUVS) to predictions by a model which incorporates current understanding of the global structure of the thermosphere, the mechanisms which excite the 130-nm transition in O, and the radiative transport of the 130-nm triplet in the thermosphere. The features identified in the data/model comparison appear as a local time asymmetry in B(130) and O at altitudes poleward of 30 deg. Oxygen densities at the evening terminator are typically a factor of 2 higher than those at the morning terminator. This asymmetry in O has never before been observed or predicted in the global thermospheric models.

Alexander, M. J.↗

NASA NTRS1992

Behavioral asymmetries of psychomotor performance in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) - A dissociation between hand preference and skill

Hand preferences were recorded for 35 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) as they manipulated a joystick in response to 2 computerized tasks. These preferences were then used to contrast 8 left- and 10 right-handed subjects on performance measures of hand skill. Individual hand preferences were found, but no significant population asymmetry was observed across the sample. However, the performance data reveal substantial benefits of right-handedness for joystick manipulation, as this group of monkeys mastered the 2 psychomotor tasks significantly faster than did their left-handed counterparts. The data support earlier reports of a right-hand advantage for joystick manipulation and also support the importance of distinguishing between hand preference and manual performance in research on functional asymmetries.

Hopkins, William D.↗