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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 883 records · Page 49
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1975

Venus - Vertical structure of stratospheric hazes from Mariner 10 pictures

An 'optical barometer' technique for determining the altitudes of haze in the stratosphere of Venus is presented wherein the Rayleigh-scattering component is derived by comparing orange and UV brightness profiles for nearby Mariner 10 television-picture pairs. The derived scale height for CO2 gas is 4.2 km, corresponding to a temperature of 200 K, in good agreement with radio occultation data. The optical barometer yields a pressure of 4 mb for the level at which the slant-path optical depth at the limb is unity. This level corresponds to a distance from the center of Venus equal to 6131 km, which is accurate to within 1 km provided that there is no appreciable contribution to the brightness by Rayleigh-scattering aerosols which mimic CO2 gas. It is possible that the limb haze layering observed between 6130 and 6140 km could be correlated with temperature inversions detected by the Mariner 5 radio-occultation experiment. A model is proposed wherein the concentration of particles increases rapidly with an effective scale height of about 2 km as one descends about 10 km from the limb haze to the main polarization cloud deck.

Oleary, B.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Topography of the polar layered deposits of Mars

Synthesis of polar topographic data derived from the Mariner 9 radio occultation, ultraviolet spectrometer, and television imaging experiments provides new information on the behavior of polar volatiles and the topographic configuration of the Martian polar layered deposits. Gentle slopes in the vicinity of the south pole may serve to shift the point of minimum annual solar insolation from the pole to a site within the perimeter of the offset residual frost cap. Localized defrosting which gives rise to the dark-banded appearance of both residual caps correlates with a series of outward-facing slopes descending from central topographic highs. Stability of the volatile involved apparently is largely insolation controlled. The south polar residual cap lies entirely higher (at lower pressure) than the northern cap, implying that the south residual cap is an unlikely site for any permanent surface deposit of solid carbon dioxide.

Dzurisin, D.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Variable features on Mars V - Evidence for crater streaks produced by wind erosion

High-resolution television pictures obtained by Mariner 9 are presented as evidence to show that the ragged dark streaks which appeared behind many dark craters several months after the end of the 1971 global dust storm resulted from wind erosion of a thin surface veneer consisting of dust-storm fallout. The pictures were taken over an area near the border between Mare Serpentis and Pandorae Fretum (approximately 30 deg S, 335 deg W). The high-resolution pictures are compared with low-resolution views of the same area, and it is shown that one very long dark streak is interrupted by a rille. It is concluded that this interruption proves that the dark streaks were produced by the present erosional mechanism.

Veverka, J.↗
NASA NTRS1975

The Mariner 10 Venus encounter - A review

A brief description is given of the Mariner 10 spacecraft, its complement of scientific instruments, and its encounter with Venus. It is noted that the geometry of the Venus encounter was dictated entirely by the necessity to use Venus' gravitational field to deflect the flight path toward Mercury. Results discussed include observations of plasma and magnetic-field perturbations several hundreds of Venus radii downstream of the solar wind which indicated the presence of a well-developed plasma tail and UV observations of H, He, C, and O abundances in the upper atmosphere. The atomic-oxygen abundance was found to be an order of magnitude higher than that observed on Mars. Radio-occultation measurements showed four distinct temperature inversions in the atmosphere and two nightside ionospheric layers. Results of television observations are also discussed which confirmed the hazy model of the visible atmosphere.

Dunne, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Selective image enhancement

Digital technique for television systems can be used with remote manipulators. Algorithm is used to divide image into N-by-N picture elements which may be individually enhanced. Enhancement may be controlled with joystick. Similar arrangement simplifies remote manipulator operation.

Gonzalez, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Remote, unattended, forest fire detector

Instruments for land tract scanning and fire detection include: temperature sensor capable of detecting distant match flame; elevated television camera with automatic controls for light balance, position, filter, and focus; and scanner equipped with photocell to sense intensity of flying spot brought to it by sweep-and-scan mechanism.

Winslow, D. J.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Analog-to-binary conversion of video data

Accurate and controllable technique for converting television information to binary form has been developed for systems requiring video signals to be used with automatic data-processing equipment. High-speed comparator circuit ignores out-of-focus features and is insensitive to overall brightness changes in picture.

Acuna, M. H.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Color to black-and-white converter

Lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate ceramic plate, when sandwiched between pair of conventional light polarizers, forms electrically controlled coverter for television camera. Assembly can be used with camera at remote site to enable camera to transmit color or black and white signal on command.

Perry, W. E.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Low-light-level integrating video system

System consists of television camera using 25 mm SEC vidicon, low dispersion spectrograph, and digital video image system used for buffer storage of video data during tube readout scanning. Six-bit ADC converts video to digital data which are stored on magnetic tape for future evaluation.

Duncan, B. J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Thick-film preamplifier

Preamplifier with hybrid discrete components and integrated-circuit packaging is designed specifically for use as television image-tube output signal conditioner. Circuit is fabricated on alumina substrate, measuring 0.5 by 0.5 by 0.015 inch using gold-base conductor with conductive gold crossovers and dielectric insulation.

Bailey, G. C.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Full-color hybrid display

System presents realistic and properly proportioned image of runway with its associated lights as it appears at dusk or at night. Display employs high resolution cathode ray tube and color wheel to produce colored lights from computer generated signals. Lights are then superimposed on conventional television display of runway.

Chase, W. D.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Geodetic control net

Computer program, originally developed for Mariner flyby missions, computes planetary control net from measurements of topographical features identified on television pictures. Program solves for areocentric coordinates of 115 surface points and orthogonal camera matrices of 57 far and near encounter pictures.

Davies, M. E.↗
NASA NTRS1977

CAMSP: Classification and Mensuration Software Package

Batch/interactive system can be used to analyze any remotely sensed Earth resources data. Configuration requirements are: 300K bytes of main storage, 200K bytes of storage for IMS, 600K bytes of storage for LCS, five 2314 disk drives, seven 9-track tape drives, and one cluster of digital television equipment.

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NASA NTRS1974

Catalog of Skylab information

Reference materials related to the Skylab Program which were produced through October, 1974 are catalogued. Six categories are listed: publications, films, television tapes, exhibits, photographs, and Skylab reports.

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NASA NTRS1975

Facility and test support equipment for the manned thermal vacuum tests of the Apollo Soyuz docking module

In order to accommodate manned thermal-vacuum testing of the Apollo-Soyuz docking module (ASDM), modifications to the facility, cleanliness and access control, and special test equipment were required. Facility modifications discussed briefly include: the addition of an oxygen supply system; the modification of manlock (ML) piping for cleaning and access controls; the addition of a nitrogen diluent system; the removal of manlock internal lights and the addition of external lights as well as fusing all power circuits over 10 watts; the removal/containment of flammable materials; the upgrading of a ML fire suppression system; and the addition of a garment donning station for cleanliness control. Special test equipment discussed include: an access tunnel for crew ingress/egress; a support device for the docking module (DM) and simulators; a command module thermal simulator; a DM infrared (IR) simulator; a docking system IR simulator; a metabolic heat load simulator; and a television camera simulator.

Pearson, O. L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

A flexible flight display research system using a ground-based interactive graphics terminal

Requirements and research areas for the air transportation system of the 1980 to 1990's were reviewed briefly to establish the need for a flexible flight display generation research tool. Specific display capabilities required by aeronautical researchers are listed and a conceptual system for providing these capabilities is described. The conceptual system uses a ground-based interactive graphics terminal driven by real-time radar and telemetry data to generate dynamic, experimental flight displays. These displays are scan converted to television format, processed, and transmitted to the cockpits of evaluation aircraft. The attendant advantages of a Flight Display Research System (FDRS) designed to employ this concept are presented. The detailed implementation of an FDRS is described. The basic characteristics of the interactive graphics terminal and supporting display electronic subsystems are presented and the resulting system capability is summarized. Finally, the system status and utilization are reviewed.

Hatfield, J. J.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Solid state electro-optic color filter and iris

Test results obtained have confirmed the practicality of the solid state electro-optic filters as an optical control element in a television system. Neutral-density control range in excess of 1000:1 has been obtained on sample filters. Test results, measurements in a complete camera system, discussions of problem areas, analytical comparisons, and recommendations for future investigations are included.

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