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At least 883 records · Page 49
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Exploring neutrino–nucleus interactions in the GeV regime using MINERvA

With the advance of particle accelerator and detector technologies, the neutrino physics landscape is rapidly expanding. As neutrino oscillation experiments enter the intensity and precision frontiers, neutrino–nucleus interaction measurements are providing crucial input. MINERvA is an experiment at Fermilab dedicated to the study of neutrino–nucleus interactions in the regime of incident neutrino energies from one to few GeV. The experiment recorded neutrino and antineutrino scattering data with the NuMI beamline from 2009 to 2019 using the Low-Energy and Medium-Energy beams that peak at 3GeV and 6GeV, respectively. This article reviews the broad spectrum of interesting nuclear and particle physics that MINERvA investigations have illuminated. The newfound, detailed knowledge of neutrino interactions with nuclear targets thereby obtained is proving essential to continued progress in the neutrino physics sector.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Jefferson Lab at 12 GeV: The Science Program

Jefferson Lab’s upgrade of its Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) has recently been completed. The project involved an upgrade of the accelerator to achieve a maximum beam energy of 12 GeV and the construction of a fourth end station, Experimental Hall D, as well as new detector equipment for two of the three existing halls (A, B, and C). A broad experimental program has been developed to map the nucleon’s intrinsic quark distributions in transverse space and in longitudinal momentum through measurements of deeply exclusive and semi-inclusive processes, and to probe color confinement by studying the spectrum of hadrons with active gluon degrees of freedom in the wave function. Other programs include the forward parton distribution function at large quark momentum fraction χ, the quark and gluon polarized distribution functions, measurements of electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon ground state and of nucleon resonance transitions at short distances, and the exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model in high-precision parity-violating processes and in the search for signals of dark matter. The higher beam energy is also suitable for exploration of quark hadronization properties using the nucleus as a laboratory. This review highlights major areas of hadron and nuclear science that will be the focus of the first 5 years of operation.

3D imaging↗
DOE OSTI2013

The Jefferson Lab 12 GeV program on nucleon structure

This slide-show presents the experiments planned at JLab with their 12 GeV upgrade. Experiments reported address: the use of hadron spectra as probes of QCD; the transverse structure of hadrons; the longitudinal structure of hadrons; the 3-dimensional structure of hadrons; hadrons and cold nuclear matter; and low-energy tests of the Standard Model and fundamental symmetries.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Automating Orbit Correction in the Main Injector 8 GeV Line

The Main Injector 8 GeV line (MI8 line) transports beam from Fermilab's Booster accelerator to either the Booster Neutrino experiments (BNB), the Recycler or the Main Injector. Often the orbit of the beam through the MI8 line differs depending on the beam destination. The beam is collimated in the MI8 line, so increasing intensities and repetition rates make controlling orbits through the collimators a necessity. The current method of regulating the MI8 line orbit with DC corrector settings is insufficient. A system named MITUNE is being developed to sample and categorize all beams through the MI8 line and automatically calculate and apply proper dipole corrector ramps to maintain desired orbits for pulses to any destination.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

12 GeV CEBAF Initial Operational Experience and Challenges

The 12 GeV Upgrade for the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) achieved CD-4B, or Project Completion, on September 27, 2017. The 13-year $338M project doubled the beam energy of the CEBAF accelerator while also adding a fourth experimental hall. The scope of work for the accelerator complex was completed in 2014. Over the subsequent three years the upgrades for the experimental halls were completed, beamlines and spectrometers commissioned and transitions made to production running for the Nuclear Physics program. This paper will present an overview of the operational experience gained during initial accelerator commissioning through the recent achievements of simultaneous 4-Hall operations at full beam power.

Spata, Michael F.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Modeling for the phased injector upgrade for 12 GeV CEBAF

As a follow on to the 12 GeV upgrade to the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility, the front end of the DC photo-gun-based injector has gone through a phased upgrade. The first phase focused on the beamline between the gun and the RF chopper system, and the second phase addresses the beamline after the RF chopper system including replacing the capture section and quarter cryomodule with a new booster module containing a 2-cell and 7-cell cavity string. Throughout the design process, we maintained and developed three models, one for the existing injector and one for each of the upgrade phases. With these models, we evaluated proposed hardware upgrades, evaluated and determined optimized beamline element positions, developed buncher voltage requirements, and settings for optimal injector running. In this paper, we will describe the models and results from these various studies and provide a brief summary of Phase 1 commissioning.

Kazimi, R.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Second Generation Fermilab Main Injector 8 GeV Beamline Collimation Preliminary Design

The current Fermilab Main Injector 8 GeV beamline transverse collimation system was installed in 2006. Since then, proton beam intensities and rates have increased significantly. With the promise of even greater beam intensities and a faster repetition rate when the PIP-II upgrade completes later this decade, the current collimation system will be insufficient. Over the past 18 months, multiple collimation designs have been investigated, some more traditional and others novel. A preliminary design review was conducted and a design chosen. Work is underway to finalize the chosen design, prototype some of its novel components and procure parts for installation Summer 2023.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Disentangling sub-GeV dark matter from the diffuse supernova neutrino background using Hyper-Kamiokande

The upcoming Hyper-Kamiokande (HyperK) experiment is expected to detect the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB). This requires to ponder all possible sources of background. Sub-GeV dark matter (DM) which annihilates into neutrinos is a potential background that has not been considered so far. We simulate DSNB and DM signals, as well as backgrounds in the HyperK detector. We find that DM-induced neutrinos could indeed alter the extraction of the correct values of the parameters of interest for DSNB physics. Since the DSNB is an isotropic signal, and DM originates primarily from the Galactic centre, we show that this effect could be alleviated with an on-off analysis.

Robles, Sandra↗
DOE OSTI2022

Di-$\pi^0$ correlations in p+p, p+Al and p+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV at STAR

The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of back-to-back azimuthal correlations of di- \pi^0 π 0 produced at forward pseudorapidity ( 2.6<\eta<4.0 2.6 < η < 4.0 ) in p+ p + p p , p+ p + \mathrm{Al} A l and p+ p + \mathrm{Au} A u collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon-nucleon pair of 200 GeV. A clear suppression of the correlated away-side yields is observed in p+ p + \mathrm{Au} A u and for the first time in p+ p + \mathrm{Al} A l collisions, compared with the p p + + p p data. The enhanced suppression found in p+ p + \mathrm{Au} A u with respect to p+ p + \mathrm{Al} A l collisions exhibits the saturation scale ( Q_s^2 Q s 2 ) dependence on the mass number A A . The observed suppression of back-to-back pairs as a function of event activity and transverse momentum points to non-linear gluon dynamics arising at high parton densities.

Chu, Xiaoxuan↗
DOE OSTI2012

Local 3Q y betatron resonance correction in the 2012 RHIC 250 GeV run

In this article we performed numerical simulations to correct the local vertical third order betatron resonance 3Qy in the interaction regions in the Yellow ring for the 2012 RHIC 250 GeV polarized proton run. Considering the main sources of skew sextupoles are located in the interaction regions, we used local bump methods to minimize their contributions to the global 3Qy resonance driving term. Two kinds of correction orbit bumps are tested and the dynamic apertures with these correction strengths are calculated and compared.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Dynamic aperture calculations for the 2012 RHIC 100 GeV polarized proton run

In this article, we summarize the dynamic aperture calculations for the 2012 RHIC 100 GeV polarized proton run. We varied β ∗ at the interaction action points, calculated the off-momentum dynamic aperture, and investigated the dependence of dynamic aperture on the proton bunch intensity and the proton beam transverse emittance. Based on the off-line optics model, we also applied second order chromaticity correction in the Yellow ring and compared the calculated dynamic apertures without and with the correction. In the end we compared the off-momentum dynamic apertures with different voltages of 197 MHz Landau RF cavity.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Dynamic Aperture Calculations for the 2012 RHIC 100 Gev Polarized Proton Run

In this article, we summarize the dynamic aperture calculations for the 2012 RHIC 100 GeV polarized proton run. We varied β* at the interaction action points, calculated the off-momentum dynamic aperture, and investigated the dependence of dynamic aperture on the proton bunch intensity and the proton beam transverse emittance. Based on the off-line optics model, we also applied second order chromaticity correction in the Yellow ring and compared the calculated dynamic apertures without and with the correction. In the end we compared the off-momentum dynamic apertures with different voltages of 197 MHz Landau RF cavity.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

A Heavy Ion Fireball freeze-out Dipion Cocktail for Au-Au Collisions at $\sqrt{S_{NN}}$ =200 GeV (Part 1)

In this paper we develop all the ingredients that come into play in the freeze-out of the heavy ion fireball for Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{S_{NN}}$ =200 GeV into dipions. The resonance production of particles that decay into dipions plus minijets that also decay into dipions are explored. The final state re-scattering of the pions from minijets play an important role in the mass spectrum of the cocktail. Mass shifts due to minijet interference which depend on the volume of the re-scattering pions is presented. The effective mass balance function is explained. The dipion mass spectrum within a p t range(intermediate p t ) is fitted using thermal and minijet amplitudes.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

A Heavy Ion Fireball freeze-out Dipion Cocktail for Au-Au Collisions at $\sqrt{S_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV $p_t$ dependence (Part 3)

In this paper we use methods developed in Part 1 of The Dipion Cocktail, to fit the $p_t$ dependence of dipions for mid-central Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{S_{NN}}$=200 GeV. For the minijet fragmentation part we use PYTHIA fragmentation as described in Part 1. For the thermal resonance production we use an exponential growth behavior. The interference between the direct production of dipion pairs from non-resonance minijet fragmentation and re-scattering through resonance states gives a measure of the size of the re-scattering region. This size is contain in the α parameter of Part1. We assumed a relationship between the α parameter and the mass shift of the ρ resonance. The data used for the fits comes from the RHIC collider as measured in the STAR experiment.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Measurement of the Parity-Violating Asymmetry in Deep Inelastic Scattering at JLab 6 GeV

The parity-violating asymmetry in deep inelastic scattering (PVDIS) offers us a useful tool to study the weak neutral couplings and the hadronic structure of the nucleon, and provides high precision tests on the Standard Model. During the 6 GeV PVDIS experiment at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, the parity-violating asymmetries A{sub PV} of a polarized electron beam scattering off an unpolarized deuteron target in the deep inelastic scattering region were precisely measured at two Q 2 values of 1.1 and 1.9 (GeV/c) 2 . The asymmetry at Q 2 =1.9 (GeV/c) 2 can be used to extract the weak coupling combination 2C 2u - C 2d , assuming the higher twist effect is small. The extracted result from this measurement is in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction, and improves the precision by a factor of five over previous data. In addition, combining the asymmetries at both Q 2 values provides us extra knowledge on the higher twist effects. The parity violation asymmetries in the resonance region were also measured during this experiment. These results are the first A PV data in the resonance region beyond the Δ (1232). They provide evidence that the quark hadron duality works for A PV at the (10-15)% level, and set constraints on nucleon resonance models that are commonly used for background calculations to other parity-violating electron scattering measurements.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Measurement of the Muon Neutrino Double-Differential Charged Current Quasi-Elastic Like Cross Section on a Hydrocarbon Target at E v ~ 3.5 GeV

The MINERvA Experiment (Main Injector Experiment v ₋ A interaction) [1] is a highly segmented detector of neutrinos, able to record events with high precision (over than thirteen million event in a four year run), using the NuMI Beam (Neutrino Main Injector) at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory [2]. This thesis presents a measurement of the Charged Current Quasi-Elastic Like1 vμ interaction on polystyrene scintillator (CH) in the MINERvA experiment with neutrino energies between 1.5 and 10 GeV. We use data taken between2 March 2010 and April 2012. The interactions were selected by requiring a negative muon, a reconstructed and identified proton, no michel electrons in the final state (in order to get rid of soft pions decaying) and a low calorimetric recoil energy away from the interaction vertex. The analysis is performed on 66,214 quasi-elastic like event candidates in the detectors tracker region with an estimated purity of 74%. The final measurement reported is a double differential cross sections in terms of the muon longitudinal and transversal momentum observables.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Measurement of Muon Neutrino Quasi-Elastic-Like Scattering on a Hydrocarbon Target at ${\bf E_{\nu}} \sim $ 6 GeV

The MINERA Experiment (Main Injector Experiment $\nu$ -A interaction) is a highly segmented detector of neutrinos, able to record events with high precision using the NuMI Beam (Neutrino Main Injector) at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. In this thesis, we present the rst measurement of the charged current quasi-elastic-like interaction on polystyrene scintillator (CH) in the MINERA detector at neutrino energies around 6 GeV. The dataset used was taken between 2013 and 2014 with a total of 1:17 x $10^{21}$ protons on target. The interactions were selected by requiring a negative muon, a reconstructed and identied proton, no michel electrons in the nal state (in order to get rid of soft pions decaying) and a low calorimetric recoil energy away from the interaction vertex. The nal measurement reported is a dierential cross section in terms of the muon quadratic transfered energy $Q^{2}$.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

PHENIX results on centrality dependence of yields and correlations in d plus Au collisions at root s(NN)=200 GeV

PHENIX has measured the transverse momentum (pT) spectra and two particle angular correlations for high pT particles in d+Au collisions at psNN=200 GeV using the RHIC Year-2008 run data. The azimuthal angle correlations for two particles with a large rapidity gap exhibit a ridge-like structure. Using the pi-0s reconstructed in the EMCal, we have successfully extended the pT reach of the correlation up to 8 GeV/c. We find that the azimuthal anisotropy of hadrons found at low pT persists up to 6 GeV/c with a significant centrality and pT dependence, similar to what was observed in A+A collisions.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗