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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 865 records · Page 48
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1990

Space Station Freedom Central Thermal Control System Evolution

The objective of the evolution study is to review the proposed growth scenarios for Space Station Freedom and identify the major CTCS hardware scars and software hooks required to facilitate planned growth and technology obsolescence. The Station's two leading evolutionary configurations are: (1) the Research and Development node, where the fundamental mission is scientific research and commercial endeavors, and (2) the Transportation node, where the emphasis is on supporting Lunar and Mars human exploration. These two nodes evolve from the from the assembly complete configuration by the addition of manned modules, pocket labs, resource nodes, attached payloads, customer servicing facility, and an upper and lower keel and boom truss structure. In the case of the R & D node, the role of the dual keel will be to support external payloads for scientific research. In the case of the Transportation node, the keel will support the Lunar (LTV) and Mars (MTV) transportation vehicle service facilities In addition to external payloads. The transverse boom is extended outboard of the alpha gimbal to accommodate the new solar dynamic arrays for power generation, which will supplement the photovoltaic system. The design, development, deployment, and operation of SSF will take place over a 30 year time period and new Innovations and maturation in technologies can be expected. Evolutionary planning must include the obsolescence and insertion of the new technologies over the life of the program, and the technology growth issues must be addressed in parallel with the development of the baseline thermal control system. Technologies that mature and are available within the next 10 years are best suited for evolutionary consideration as the growth phase begins in the year 2000. To increase TCS capability to accommodate growth using baseline technology would require some penalty in mass, volume, EVA time, manifesting, and operational support. To be cost effective the capabilities of the heat acquisition, transport, and rejection subsystems must be increased.

Bullock, Richard↗
NASA NTRS2001

Determining the amount of physical activity needed for long-term weight control

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate prospectively the influence of habitual physical activity on body weight of men and women and to develop a model that defines the role of physical activity on longitudinal weight change. DESIGN AND SETTING: Occupational cohort study conducted for a mean of 5.5 y. SUBJECTS: A total of 496 (341 male and 155 female) NASA/Johnson Space Center employees who completed the 3 month education component of the employee health-related fitness program and remained involved for a minimum of 2 y. MEASUREMENTS: Body weights were measured at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2), and habitual physical activity was obtained from the mean of multiple ratings of the 11-point (0-10) NASA Activity Scale (NAS) recorded quarterly between T1 and T2. Other measures included age, gender, VO(2 max) obtained from maximal treadmill testing, body mass index (BMI), and body fat percentage. RESULTS: Multiple regression demonstrated that mean NAS, T1 weight, aging and gender all influence long-term T2 weight. T1 age was significant for the men only. Independently, each increase in mean NAS significantly (P<0.01) reduced T2 weight in men (b=-0.91 kg; 95% CI:-1.4 to-0.42 kg) and women (b=-2.14 kg; 95% CI:-2.93 to-1.35 kg). Mean NAS had a greater effect on T2 weight as T1 weight increased, and the relationship was dose-dependent. CONCLUSIONS: Habitual physical activity is a significant source of long-term weight change. The use of self-reported activity level is helpful in predicting long-term weight changes and may be used by health care professionals when counseling patients about the value of physical activity for weight control.

Exercise↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Status of the 3-MDCP, the 3-D Woven TPS enabling MSR Earth Entry System Development

While the HEEET project established the dual-layer, 3-D Woven TPS at TRL 6 for extreme entry environment missions such as Saturn and Ice-Giant Probe missions, subsequent to the completion of HEEET project in 2018, further development was undertaken to assess the viability of a variant of the 3-D Woven, a single, insulating layer alone as a viable TPS for Mars Sample Return mission. MSR Earth Entry System (EES) baselined it and named the TPS as 3D, mid-density, carbon-phenolic (3MDCP). MSR program invested in building a new loom and the weaver T.E.A.M. Inc is currently weaving 80” wide 1.2” thick insulating layer. Unlike HEEET, where a set of tiles and seams are integrated to form the heat-shield, 3MDCP is a seamless heatshield by wrapping and shaping a flat panel into the heatshield shape and then rigidizing the preform through resin infusion. MSR EES is investing in technology maturation of 3MDCP for the current mission launch in 2027. This lighting talk will provide key developments and time line for 3MDCP technology maturation to show that 3MDCP will be ready to support future UOP or Saturn Probe mission. In addition, the limitations of the capability will be presented so that Saturn mission proposers as well as UOP flagship mission study can be fully informed as to the 3MDCP capability.

HEEET↗
NASA NTRS2024

The High Energy X-Ray Probe (Hex-P): Instrument and Mission Profile

The High Energy X-ray Probe (HEX-P) is a proposed NASA probe-class mission that combines the power of high angular resolution with abroad X-ray bandpass to provide the necessary leap in capabilities to address the important astrophysical questions of the next decade. HEX-P achieves breakthrough performance by combining technologies developed by experienced international partners. To meet the science goals, the payload consists of a suite of co-aligned X-ray telescopes designed to cover the0.2–80 keV bandpass. The High Energy Telescope (HET) has an effective bandpass of 2–80 keV, and the Low Energy Telescope (LET) has an effective bandpass of 0.2–20 keV. HEX-P will be launched into L1 to enable high observing efficiency, and the combination of bandpass and high observing efficiency delivers a powerful platform for broad science to serve a wide community. The baseline mission is 5 years, with 30% of the observing time dedicated to thePI-led program and 70% to a General Observer (GO) program. The GeneralObserver program will be executed along with the PI-led program

X-ray Probe↗
DOE OSTI2023

EXCHANGE Campaign 1: A Community-Driven Baseline Characterization of Soils, Sediments, and Water Across Coastal Gradients

The EXploration of Coastal Hydrobiogeochemistry Across a Network of Gradients and Experiments (EXCHANGE) program is a consortium of scientists working together to improve our understanding of how the two-way exchange of water between estuaries or large lake lacustuaries and the terrestrial landscape influence the state and function of ecosystems across the coastal interface. EXCHANGE Campaign 1 (EC1) focuses on the spatial variation in biogeochemical structure and function at the coastal terrestrial-aquatic interface (TAI). In the Fall of 2021, the EXCHANGE Consortium gathered samples from 52 TAIs. Samples collected from EC1 were analyzed for bulk geochemical parameters, bulk physicochemical parameters, organic matter characteristics, and redox-sensitive elements.Please download ec1_README.pdf for a complete list of available data in each .zip folder, package version history, and detailed information about the project. This README will serve as the central place for EC1 Data Package updates. Experimental setup and v1 methods are documented in Myers-Pigg and Pennington et al., 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02548-7).EC1 Data Package Structure:ec1_README.pdfec1_methods.pdfec1_metadata_v3.zip...ec1_dd.csv...ec1_flmd.csv...ec1_sample_catalog.csv...ec1_metadata_kitlevel.csv...ec1_metadata_collectionlevel.csv...ec1_data_collectionlevel.csv...ec1_igsn_metadata.csvec1_soil_v3.zipec1_sediment_v3.zipec1_water_v3.zipec1_processingscripts_v3.zipThis data package is on v3 and was originally published May 2023 (v1). Subsequent updates will be published here with new version numbers. Please see the Change History section in ec1_README.pdf for detailed changes.---Acknowledging EXCHANGE: General Support and Data Product UseWe ask that users of EXCHANGE data add the following acknowledgement when publishing data in scholarly articles and data repositories:"This research is based on work supported by COMPASS-FME, a multi-institutional project supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research as part of the Environmental System Science Program."

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1982

Basic research for the geodynamics program

Work performed and data obtained in geodynamic research is reported. The purpose was to obtain utilization of: (1) laser and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI); (2) range difference observation in geodynamics; (3) development of models for ice sheet and crustal deformations. The effects of adopting new precession, nutation and equinox corrections on the terrestrial reference frame are investigated.

Mueller, I. I.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Design and Test of Fan/Nacelle Models Quiet High-Speed Fan

The Quiet High-Speed Fan program is a cooperative effort between Honeywell Engines & Systems (formerly AlliedSignal Engines & Systems) and the NASA Glenn Research Center. Engines & Systems has designed an advanced high-speed fan that will be tested on the Ultra High Bypass Propulsion Simulator in the NASA Glenn 9 x 15 foot wind tunnel, currently scheduled for the second quarter of 2000. An Engines & Systems modern fan design will be used as a baseline. A nacelle model is provided that is characteristic of a typical, modern regional aircraft nacelle and meets all of the program test objectives.

Miller, Christopher J.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Beyond the Baseline 1991: Proceedings of the Space Station Evolution Symposium. Volume 2: Space Station Freedom, part 1

The results from the Advanced Systems Study and Advanced Development within the Space Station Freedom (SSF) Program are reported. The results show the evolution of the SSF in terms of user requirements, utilization and operations concepts, and growth options for distributed systems. Special attention is given to: highlighting changes made during restructuring; description of growth paths through the follow-on and evolution phases; identification of minimum-impact provisions to allow flexibility in the baseline; and identification of enhancing and enabling technologies. Products of these tasks include: engineering fidelity demonstrations and evaluations of advanced technology; detailed requirements, performance specifications, and design accommodations for insertion of advanced technology; and mature technology, tools, applications for SSF flight, ground, and information systems.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2024

Sum Reduction with OpenMP Offload on NVIDIA Grace-Hopper System

We evaluate the performance of the baseline and optimized reductions in OpenMP on an NVIDIA Grace-Hopper system. We explore the impacts of the number of teams, the number of elements to sum per loop iteration, and simultaneous execution on the central-processing unit (CPU) and the GPU in the unified memory (UM) mode upon the reduction performance. The experimental results show that the optimized reductions are 6.120X to 20.906X faster than the baselines on the GPU, and their efficiency ranges from 89% to 95% of the theoretical GPU memory bandwidth. Depending on where an input array is allocated in the program when co-running the reduction on the CPU and GPU in the UM mode, the average speedup over the GPU-only execution is approximately 2.484 or 1.067, and the speedup of the optimized reductions over the baseline reductions ranges from 0.996 to 10.654 or from 0.998 to 6.729.

Jin, Zheming↗
DOE OSTI2025

TEX-Chlorine Assemblies: Highly Enriched Uranium Plates with Sodium Chloride Absorbers Using Polyethylene Moderator and Polyethylene Reflector

This evaluation documents highly enriched uranium (HEU) experimental critical configurations with polyethylene moderators and sodium chloride absorbers conducted as part of the United States Nuclear Criticality Safety Program’s Thermal/Epithermal eXperiments (TEX) program. HEU-MET-MIXED-021 provides the benchmark evaluation of five TEX experiments designed to establish baseline configurations with HEU Jemima plates moderated by high density polyethylene (HDPE). The TEX-HEU experiments were designed to cover five different fission energy regimes by varying the thickness of the interstitial HDPE moderator, with varying fractions of thermal, intermediate, and fast fissions, and to be easily modified to accommodate test materials of interest. HEU-MET-INTER-013 documents the first TEX-HEU variation, incorporating hafnium in seven different experimental configurations. This evaluation covers an additional variant that incorporates absorber plates of compacted high-purity sodium chloride salt. These experiments were motivated by a criticality safety need for validation data for uranium purification by means of electrorefining with chloride salts, especially thermal and intermediate energy configurations resulting from moderator upset conditions, and their design was optimized by matching sensitivity profiles from application cases. All three experimental configurations are judged to be acceptable as benchmark cases. The main parameter varied between the configurations is the thickness of the polyethylene moderators and the sodium chloride absorbers between the HEU plates. Varying the thickness of the polyethylene tunes the neutron energy spectrum between majority thermal (Case 1 and 2) and intermediate (Case 3). The fission fractions, presented in Table 1, are determined calculationally. Case 3 is cross listed as HEU-MET-INTER-014.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS1991

Beyond the Baseline 1991: Proceedings of the Space Station Evolution Symposium. Volume 1: Space Station Freedom, part 1

Personnel responsible for Advanced Systems Studies and Advanced Development within the Space Station Freedom Program reported on the results of their work to date. The results of SSF Advanced Studies provide a road map for the evolution of Freedom in terms of user requirements, utilization and operations concepts, and growth options for distributed systems. Regarding these specific systems, special attention is given to: highlighting changes made during restructuring; description of growth paths thru the follow-on and evolution phases; identification of minimum impact provisions to allow flexibility in the baseline; and identification of enhancing and enabling technologies. Products of these tasks include: engineering fidelity demonstrations and evaluations of advanced technology; detailed requirements, performance specifications, and design accommodations for insertion of advanced technology.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2022

Smart, Connected Manufactured Housing Solutions through High-Performance Design. Final CRADA report

This report focuses on HVAC, domestic hot water, and miscellaneous electric loads via voluntary opportunities that may arise from partnerships with utilities, as well as future US Environmental Protection Agency ENERGY STAR and DOE Zero Energy Ready Manufactured Home programs. Phase I of this project has begun the technical dialogue toward developing an implementation plan among DOE’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Clayton Manufactured Homes, and US Department of Housing and Urban Development Code manufactured housing stakeholders. These activities have focused on delivering high-performance design through integration of technology. Project tasks include the following: Identifying baseline energy analysis resources opportunities from a variety of DOE and utility stakeholders; Developing a smart home and business solution by leveraging existing utility programs working with Smart Homes Partners resources such as ACE IoT Solutions, Google Nest, and Ecobee; Developing improved smarter ventilation systems with industry ventilation partners such as the Madison Group; Developing improved building science QA/QC testing equipment with manufacturers such as The Energy Conservatory, and supporting other feasible concepts vetted under DOE’s Advanced Buildings Collaborative with Slipstream, reinventing HVAC in manufactured housing; and, Developing smart home short- and long-term viable technical solutions in coordination with Clayton Manufactured Homes in new and/or revitalized community scales for future Phase II prototype demonstrations, which may include design (and perhaps construction) of single-section homes targeting rental property developers and multi-section homes targeting low- to middle-income affordable housing community developers Given the ongoing US Department of Energy (DOE) rulemaking activities, baseline energy analysis assessments of envelope prescriptive and Uo (i.e., the overall thermal energy efficiency of the home in British thermal units per square foot of exterior heat loss/gain surfaces) measures were removed from the scope of Phase I of this project.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
NASA NTRS1976

Preliminary Sizing and Performance Evaluation of Supersonic Cruise Aircraft

The basic processes of a method that performs sizing operations on a baseline aircraft and determines their subsequent effects on aerodynamics, propulsion, weights, and mission performance are described. The input requirements of the associated computer program are defined and its output listings explained. Results obtained by applying the method to an advanced supersonic technology concept are discussed. These results include the effects of wing loading, thrust-to-weight ratio, and technology improvements on range performance, and possible gains in both range and payload capability that become available through growth versions of the baseline aircraft. The results from an in depth contractual study that confirm the range gain predicted for a particular wing loading, thrust-to-weight ratio combination are also included.

Fetterman, D. E., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1998

Bioregenerative life support: not a picnic

If humans are to live permanently in space, regenerative life support systems are an enabling technology and must replace the picnic approach of taking all supplies required for each mission. These systems are classified by technologies as either physical/chemical or bioregenerative. Both of these system-types can recycle water, remove carbon dioxide, produce oxygen, and recover essential elements from waste products. Bioregenerative can also produce food, thus, making it essential if humans are to exist in space independent of earth. A solely bioregenerative life support system includes plants as a biomass production module and microbial organisms in bioreactors as a resource recovery module. In the Advanced Life Support Program, bioregenerative life support systems are being investigated through a research and technology development project which includes large scale testing as part of the Breadboard Project and human tests conducted in the soon to be constructed BioPlex facility. Research and technology development efforts are directed toward optimizing biomass productivity in controlled chambers by developing light weight, energy efficient, and automated systems; recycling liquid and solid wastes; baselining the operation of bioreactors; determining system microbial stability; assessing chemical contamination; and building models required for long term system operations. The program will include space flight studies in the near future to determine if these life support technologies will function in microgravity. When a bioregenerative system is finally incorporated into a mission, the conversion from a picnic and resupply mentality to permanent recycling and independence from earth will be complete.

NASA Center KSC↗
NASA NTRS2016

Development of a Magneto-Resistive Angular Position Sensor for Space Mechanisms

Magnetic microsystems in the form of magneto-resistive (MR) sensors are firmly established in automobiles and industrial applications. They are used to measure travel, angle, electrical current, or magnetic fields. MR technology opens up new sensor possibilities in space applications and can be an enabling technology for optimal performance, high robustness and long lifetime at reasonable costs. In some science missions, the technology is already applied, however, the designs are proprietary and case specific, for instance in case of the angular sensors used for JPL/NASA's Mars rover Curiosity [1]. Since 2013 HTS GmbH and Sensitec GmbH have teamed up to develop and qualify a standardized yet flexible to use MR angular sensor for space mechanisms. Starting with a first assessment study and market survey performed under ESA contract, a very strong industry interest in novel, contactless position measurement means was found. Currently a detailed and comprehensive development program is being performed by HTS and Sensitec. The objective of this program is to advance the sensor design up to Engineering Qualification Model level and to perform qualification testing for a representative space application. The paper briefly reviews the basics of magneto-resistive effects and possible sensor applications and describes the key benefits of MR angular sensors with reference to currently operational industrial and space applications. The key applications and specification are presented and the preliminary baseline mechanical and electrical design will be discussed. An outlook on the upcoming development and test stages as well as the qualification program will be provided.

Hahn, Robert↗
NASA NTRS1979

Performance characteristics of a wedge nozzle installed on an F-18 propulsion wind tunnel model

The results of two-dimensional wedge non-axisymmetric nozzle (2D-AIN) tests to determine its performance relative to the baseline axisymmetric nozzle using an F-18 jet effects wind tunnel model are presented. Configurations and test conditions simulated forward thrust-minus drag, thrust vectoring/induced lift, and thrust reversing flight conditions from Mach .6 to 1.20 and attack angles up to 10 degrees. Results of the model test program indicate that non-axisymmetric nozzles can be installed on a twin engine fighter aircraft model with equivalent thrust minus drag performance as the baseline axisymmetric nozzles. Thrust vectoring capability of the non-axisymmetric nozzles provided significant jet-induced lift on the nozzle/aftbody and horizontal tail surfaces. Thrust reversing panels deployed from the 2D-AIN centerbody wedge were very effective for static and inflight operation

Petit, J. E.↗
NASA NTRS1997

SCARLET Photovoltaic Concentrator Array Selected for Flight Under NASA's New Millennium Program

The NASA Lewis Research Center continues to demonstrate its expertise in the development and implementation of advanced space power systems. For example, during the past year, the NASA New Millennium Program selected the Solar Concentrator Array with Refractive Linear Element Technology (SCARLET) photovoltaic array as the power system for its Deep Space-1 (DS-1) mission. This Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) managed DS-1 mission, which represents the first operational flight of a photovoltaic concentrator array, will provide a baseline for the use of this technology in a variety of future government and commercial applications. SCARLET is a joint NASA Lewis/Ballistic Missile Defense Organization program to develop advanced photovoltaic array technology that uses a unique refractive concentrator design to focus sunlight onto a line of photovoltaic cells located below the optical element. The general concept is based on previous work conducted at Lewis under a Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract with AEC-Able Engineering, Inc., for the Multiple Experiments to Earth Orbit and Return (METEOR) spacecraft. The SCARLET II design selected by the New Millennium Program is a direct adaptation of the smaller SCARLET I array built for METEOR. Even though SCARLET I was lost during a launch failure in October 1995, the hardware (designed, built, and flight qualified within 6 months) provided invaluable information and experience that led to the selection of this technology as the primary power source for DS-1.

Piszczor, Michael F., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS2004

Preliminary Parallaxes of 40 L and T Dwarfs from the US Naval Observatory Infrared Astronometry Program

We present preliminary trigonometric parallaxes and proper motions for 22 L dwarfs and 18 T dwarfs measured using the ASTROCAM infrared imager on the US naval Observatory (USNO) 1.55 m Strand Astrometric Reflector. The results presented here are based on observations obtained between 2000 September and 2002 November; about half of the objects have an observational time baseline of t 1:3 yr and half t 2:0 yr. Despite these short time baselines, the astrometric quality is sufficient to produce significant new results, especially for the nearer T dwarfs. Seven objects are in common with the USNO optical CCD parallax program for quality control and seven in common with the European Southern Observatory 3.5 m New Technology Telescope parallax program. We compare astrometric quality with both of these programs. Relative to absolute parallax corrections are made by employing Two Micron All Sky Survey and/or Sloan Digital Sky Survey photometry for reference-frame stars. We combine USNO infrared and optical parallaxes with the best available California Institute of Technology (CIT) system photometry to determine MJ , MH, and MK values for 37 L dwarfs between spectral types L0 and L8 and 19 T dwarfs between spectral types T0.5 and T8 and present selected absolute magnitude versus spectral type and color diagrams, based on these results. Luminosities and temperatures are estimated for these objects. Of special interest are the distances of several objects that are at or near the L-T dwarf boundary so that this important transition can be better understood. The previously reported early to mid T dwarf luminosity excess is clearly confirmed and found to be present at J, H, and K. The large number of objects that populate this luminosity-excess region indicate that it cannot be due entirely to selection effects. The T dwarf sequence is extended to MJ 16:9 by 2MASS J041519 0935, which, at d 5:74 pc, is found to be the lluminous LOG (L=L )pa

L DWARFS↗