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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 865 records · Page 48
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Surface properties of the Orgueil meteorite - Implications for the early history of solar system volatiles

The Kr and H2O adsorption properties of Orgueil were studied. Dehydration by stepwise calcination produced a tenfold change in its B.E.T. surface area, which increased to 120 and then fell to 40 square meters per gram. Water exchangeability was measured by water regain from lab air between calcination cycles. Dehydration at room temperature showed that Orgueil contained 6 per cent by weight of water adsorbed on free surfaces. These results are consistent with an identification of Orgueil as montmorillonite, although chemical data conflict with this. High D/H ratios in CI carbonaceous chondrites may result from D enrichment in OH- groups during equilibration of dispersed phyllosilicate dust with preplanetary nebula gas at temperatures much less than 0 C.

Fanale, F. P.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Meteoritic and volatile elements in Apollo 16 rocks and in separated phases from 14306

Recent evidence from two sources provides a basis for a reexamination of the relationship between the stratigraphy at the Apollo 16 site and the trace element distribution. Information concerning the surface exposure ages makes it possible to relate many samples to specific local impact events. At least five ancient meteoritic components have been tentatively assigned to individual basin-forming impacts on the basis of trace element analyses of Apollo 17 rocks. Attention is given to a petrographic examination of separates from two soils from Station 11 (North Ray Crater).

Ganapathy, R.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Airships for transporting highly volatile commodities

Large airships may prove feasible as carriers of commodities that move as gases or cryogenic liquids; buoyant gaseous cargo could be ballasted with liquid cargo. Airships are compact in shape, operate in a rarified medium, and hence can be fast and perhaps economic carriers of costly cryogenic tanks. The high-pressure gas pipeline has excessive surface area when carrying hydrogen and excessive fluid density when carrying natural gas, while the cryogenic ocean tanker runs in a dense medium and makes gravity waves. But the airship, despite its fluid dynamic advantages, faces problems of safety, weather, and altitude control.

Sonstegaard, M.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Volatile evolution

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Fanale, F. P.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Implications of the Viking results for volatile outgassing from earth and Mars

Recent measurements of rare gas abundances on Mars by Viking are used in testing an inhomogeneous accretion model for Mars. It is found that not only the relative abundance of H, C, N, Ne-20, A-36, Kr, and Xe, but their total amounts can be best explained if the outer layers of earth and Mars were made of a material similar to ordinary chondrites.

Rasool, S. I.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Behavior of volatiles in Mars' polar areas - A model incorporating new experimental data

A model has been developed to explain the north polar water vapor results obtained by the Viking orbiter Mars atmospheric water detector; it has also been used to compute the thickness of seasonally deposited CO2 frost, the variation of the total atmospheric pressure, and wind velocities due to mass motions associated with CO2 condensation. A north polar water ice thickness in excess of 1 m and an ice albedo a of 0.34(+0.06,-0.03) are inferred from a comparison of the model and experimental data. The model results confirm an earlier conclusion that the atmosphere over the ice is saturated. It is suggested that concentration of the atmospheric inert gases in the polar region, combined with local topography and arctic circulation patterns, could be responsible for the south remnant cap not being at the south pole

Davies, D. W.↗
NASA NTRS1977

The search for organic substances and inorganic volatile compounds in the surface of Mars

A total of four Martian samples, one surface and one subsurface sample at each of the two Viking landing sites, Chryse Planitia and Utopia Planitia, have been analyzed for organic compounds by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. In none of these experiments could organic material of Martian origin be detected at detection limits generally of the order of parts per billion and for a few substances closer to parts per million. The evolution of water and carbon dioxide, but not of other inorganic gases, was observed upon heating the sample to temperatures of up to 500 C. The absence of organic compounds seems to preclude their production on the planet at rates that exceed the rate of their destruction. It also makes it unlikely that living systems that behave in a manner similar to terrestrial biota exist, at least at the two Viking landing sites.

Biemann, K.↗