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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 865 records · Page 48
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Higher education institutions can do more to lead society toward resilience and sustainability

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are beginning to recognize their role as leading societal institutions in the movement toward resilience and sustainability by empowering their students as sustainability stakeholders and leaders and recognizing the value of faculty and staff as facilitators in this mobilization toward a more sustainable future. This chapter identifies seven goals derived from academic research that can be used to foster student leadership in sustainability and support faculty and staff in facilitatory roles. To date, however, most research has focused on sustainability in the classroom environment or the establishment of living labs. To illuminate how these seven goals can be achieved, the chapter adopts stakeholder theory and conducts an integrated case study assessment. Overall, the chapter helps to (i) develop a stronger understanding of sustainability and resilience, (ii) identify best practices for empowering student leaders and to better understand the facilitatory role played by faculty and staff in achieving the seven goals, and (ii) offer further insights through a reflective case study.

Sustainability and Resilience, Sustainability Syst↗
DOE OSTI2024

TBS FROST Data from 2023 at SGP C1

The FROST provides chemical analysis of four time-resolved sorbent samples on a LECO GCxGC Bench Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer, using a Gerstel MPS Thermal Desorption System. Samples collected via FROST can be analyzed on one of two Sandia National Laboratories' instruments. One instrument will provide ultra-high mass spectrometer resolution (up to four decimal points or m/z data) and can be used for identification of true unknowns. Data can include suspected formulas of species not included in any current mass spectra database. This instrument also has a low limit of detection of known species (tens of femtogram range). The second instrument can provide an order of magnitude lower limits of detection (into the single-digit femtogram range) for known species currently in mass spectra databases. This system is also more resilient to environmental samples that contain higher levels of moisture.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Advancing uncertainty characterization for understanding projected water scarcity in multi-sector, multi-actor river basins across scales.

Invited Talk at AGU Fall Meeting 2023 Modeling how human institutions and infrastructure interact with the water cycle is essential to better understand the vulnerability, and resilience of water resources systems from the local to the global scale. This is especially true when investigating multi-sector, multi-actor responses to the effects of long-term changes and short-term shocks. It is also well recognized that uncertainty present throughout the modeling cycle (e.g., in data, functional relations, and model coupling approaches) limits our ability to trace the interactive dynamics of human-water systems, as well as to quantify their implications for management and planning. Systems with large numbers of diverse stakeholders further compound this challenge, as uncertain drivers and complex dynamics might have very disparate effects on water users. The work presented is conducted through the Integrated Multisector Multiscale Modeling (IM3) Science Focus Area, which explores how human and natural systems co-evolve in response to change. Through this multi-year effort, we have developed exploratory modeling methods to better characterize how the uncertain human and natural drivers of water scarcity yield consequential vulnerabilities in institutionally complex, multi-sectoral systems. This talk will specifically present on a series of uncertainty characterization experiments performed in the Upper Colorado River Basin, a sub-basin of the Colorado with thousands of water users. These complementary and systematic experiments are aimed at understanding: How are various uncertain stressors (e.g., climate change, demand growth) affecting the diverse water users of this basin in terms of water shortage? What are the key drivers of this shortage for each user? Methods and results from this work are used to address additional questions on the ability of adaptation to modulate the effects of these uncertain drivers, and on their compounding effects across spatial scales and through sectoral interactions.

Hadjimichael, Antonia↗
DOE OSTI2021

Resilient Energy Platform. Fact Sheet: Power Sector Cybersecurity Building Blocks

The Power Sector Cybersecurity Building Blocks, developed through the USAID-NREL Partnership and the Resilient Energy Platform, are designed to help a variety of stakeholders improve security for the electrical grid. This effort grows out of USAID and NREL's discussions with utilities around the world, as well as past cybersecurity assessments performed by NREL on dozens of utilities and government agencies, with a focus on the cybersecurity challenges faced by small and under-resourced utilities. This document outlines eleven building blocks for power sector cyber security. It functions as a guide to help organizations develop a robust, balanced cybersecurity defense program. Individually, each building block represents a cluster of related activities within cybersecurity on which an organization should focus. Using the building blocks, organizations can effectively prioritize their cybersecurity efforts to best thwart a wide range of potential cyberattacks.

building blocks↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Net Zero World Initiative

The U.S. is committed to working with countries all over the globe to accelerate clean climate goals from ambition to action, and the Net Zero World Initiative is the latest example of our dedication. The Net Zero World Initiative is uniquely positioned to achieve rapid global energy decarbonization. It will partner with countries to help them implement climate ambition pledges and accelerate global transitions to net zero, resilient, and inclusive energy systems. The Net Zero World Initiative Will Harness Unique USG and Lab Assets in Partnership with Philanthropies. Scale-up and goals listed.

accelerate↗
DOE OSTI2022

The USAID-NREL Partnership

The United States Agency for International Development is drawing on U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory expertise to advance clean, resilient, and equitable energy systems in the developing world through the USAID-NREL Partnership.

advanced power systems↗
DOE OSTI2022

Synchrophasors-based Master State Awareness Estimator for Cybersecurity in Power Grid: Testbed Implementation & Field Demonstration

The integration of distributed energy resources(DERs) and expansion of complex network in the distribution grid requires an advanced distributed state estimator to monitor the grid health at micro-level. The distribution state estimator will improve the situational awareness and resiliency of distributed power system. This paper proposes a synchrophasors-based master state awareness (MSA) estimator to enhance the cybersecurity in distribution grid by providing a real-time estimation of system operating states to control center operators. In this paper, the proposed MSA estimator utilizes only phasor measurements, bus magnitudes and angles, from phasor measurement units (PMUs),deployed in local substations, to estimate the system states and also detects data integrity attacks, such as load tripping attack that disconnects the load. To validate the proof of concept, we implement the proposed methodology in cyber-physical testbed environment at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Electric Grid Security Testbed. Further, to address the “valley of death” and support technology commercialization, field demonstration is also performed at the Critical Infrastructure Test Range Complex(CITRC) at the INL. Our experimental results reveal a promising performance in detecting load tripping attack and providing an accurate situational awareness through an alert visualization dashboard in real-time

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Rural Hybrid Generation & Microgrids: National Labs are Here to Help

Hear about the tools and technical assistance National Labs can offer to co-ops and other rural utilities seeking to build or enhance hybrid generation projects combining multiple technologies including wind, solar, battery storage, and others resources. These hybrids can deliver additional value by combining complimentary resources and by increasing reliability and resilience, including as part of a microgrid to serve a local load or community. Experienced cooperative and lab experts will share their perspectives on the opportunities there are to make use of their advanced modeling capabilities and expertise to scope, design, and implement these emerging hybrid solutions. Key takeaways for participants will include better understanding of the resilience benefits distributed hybrid systems provide, awareness of National Laboratory assistance programs and resources, tips for successful federal funding applications for these types of projects, and peer-to-peer learning through shared experiences and discussion.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

To What Extent Will Decarbonization Deepen the Conversation Between Industry and the Grid?

Decarbonization - the transition away from un-mitigated fossil fuel combustion throughout the economy - requires big changes from both power and process systems. On the power system side, those changes are expected to include large increases in variable generation, e.g., from wind and solar, which has near-zero marginal costs and at large shares can produce infrequent but consequential energy droughts. On the process systems side, industries are investigating their options for direct and indirect electrification, the latter exemplified by replacing fossil fuel inputs with zero-carbon, energy-carrying chemicals like hydrogen and ammonia produced via electrochemical processes. The economic features of these changes within the larger context of power and process systems suggest that their realization could be accompanied by a paradigm shift in how industrial facilities interact with the grid. For example, the dominant type of demand participation in power markets could change from today's focus on load reductions at peak times to a new focus on shifting electricity use, enabled in part by large-scale product storage, to take advantage of renewable energy that would otherwise be curtailed and to avoid consumption during high-price energy droughts. This talk will describe these and other possible design and operational approaches from grid and industrial economic perspectives, culminating in an enumeration of open problems that lie at the interface of today and tomorrow's power and process systems.

co-design↗
DOE OSTI2025

Advancing Cybersecurity Through Technical Assistance

Electric grids around the world are undergoing rapid structural and operational change, making it more important than ever to understand evolving risks and improve grid resilience and security against natural and human disruptions. Through tailored technical assistance, NREL is working with partners to support the secure and resilient deployment of energy systems and address grid integration challenges.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Optimizing Distributed Energy Storage Sizing in Puerto Rico: Leveraging Increased Distributed Generation for Enhanced Resilience

Distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) adoption has increased rapidly in Puerto Rico since Hurricane Maria in 2017 as customers seek local resilient energy solutions. To investigate how to best leverage these many distributed PV and BESS systems, in this paper, we introduce a modeling framework that can be used by entities planning resilience investments to provide insights about the sizing and operational needs to achieve desired resilience benefits.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2020

Resilient Cooperative Voltage Control for Distribution Network with High Penetration Distributed Energy Resources

Here, this paper considers the problem of designing a resilient distributed voltage control algorithm for distribution systems with high penetration of distributed energy resources in the presence of an unknown cyber-attack. The purpose of the attack is to force the system to violate the operating voltage limit by intercepting its communication channels and inserting exogenous signals to perturb and/or modify the information being exchanged. We first review the cooperative voltage control proposed in our previous work and provide a new stability analysis for it. Next, we present a resilient cooperative voltage control algorithm by introducing a virtual system interconnected with the original system such that the voltage can be maintained within the operational limit under unknown attacks. The resiliency of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated via simulations on the IEEE 8500-node system when subjected to an attack which consists of corrupting the data being exchanged in the communication network between two generation units.

cooperative control↗
DOE OSTI2025

SWARM: Reimagining scientific workflow management systems in a distributed world

Modern scientific workflows process massive amounts of data from diverse instruments and sensors, leveraging geographically distributed, heterogeneous compute and storage resources—from leadership-class systems to edge devices—connected by high-performance networks. The diversity of resources introduces challenges in harnessing their full potential, with resilience issues arising across applications, system software, networks, storage, and hardware. Today, workflow management systems (WMS) coordinate the execution of computation and data management tasks across target resources. However, WMS’s centralized nature makes them vulnerable to faults and scalability issues that may result in failures of entire computational campaigns. In conclusion, this paper introduces a novel agentic framework for workflow management, fully distributing and decentralizing the WMS functions and modeling them as swarm intelligence agents infused with advanced artificial intelligence solutions and traditional distributed computing algorithms that can make coordinated decisions in the presence of failures of the underlying cyberinfrastructure.

Swarm intelligence↗
DOE OSTI2023

A Framework to Design Consumer-Centric Operational Strategies for Resilience Enhancement

Extreme temperature-related events like heat waves or cold snaps can significantly stress the power distribution grid as electricity demand spikes leading to brownouts or blackouts if not managed properly. In addition, such extreme events can exacerbate inequity, with vulnerable populations (for example, houses with poor insulation, located in non-critical zones, and lack of local resources) at greater risk. There is a growing deployment of distribution systems automation technologies such as advanced metering infrastructure, sensors, and automated control systems to enhance the visibility of the entire distribution grid while meeting resilience objectives. Here, this paper proposes a framework for investigating how automation can improve the distribution system's resilience and ensure customers' health and safety during such extremes. The proposed framework's efficacy will be demonstrated for the Electricity Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) during winter storm Uri with varying levels of distribution automation technologies such as feeder isolation using smart switches, remote outage signals using advanced meters, and comfort-aware outage using advanced analytics and communication. Simulation results show that an outage strategy involving advanced grid technology and communication can reduce the occupant exposure to severe cold by 93% and, simultaneously, reduce expected energy not served by 73.2% when compared against feeder isolation.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Resilient Hydrogels from the Nanoscale to the Macroscale

Biological systems illustrate how a material composed of fragile molecular components can collectively be highly resilient. While the average protein, cell, or even tissue may not last more than a few weeks, many animals and plants live for more than a century. Continual component regeneration and multiple systems to resist mechanical and chemical damage together make this longetivity possible. This project sought to develop biomimetic methods to enable a specific type of material, a hydrogel, to resist damage across multiple scales using distinct, modular damage protection mechanisms. Because hydrogels share many features with biological tissues, they are an ideal substrate for exploring biomimetic strategies for designing resilience and self-repair. We specifically focused in this study on DNA-crosslinked hydrogels, which contain DNA strands that can serve as material to link it together or to control its current state or properties. We investigated how new tools from dynamic DNA nanotechnology could make it possible to actively recover from damage by continually growing and forming a materials shape, or by identifying damage and directing an adaptive response to that damage involving chemical synthesis to reconstruct a structure. We developed embedded molecular sensors able to detect and strain of the gel before damage occurred and react to counteract damage. We also developed methods to continually create shapes and patterns using chemical processes that will allow those patterns to reform when they are damaged. The ability to design resilient materials capable of self-repair has important implications for materials engineering. Instead of designing a material to withstand the worst stresses it may encounter, we could instead design a material to survive under average conditions, but self-repair or reconfigure to resist impending damage. Resilient, self-repairing hydrogels will also have diverse applications such as sensors or actuators.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

MOD-Plan: Multi-Objective Decision Planning Framework for Electric Grid Resilience, Equity, and Decarbonization [Slides]

Traditionally electric grid planning strives to maintain safe, reliable, efficient, and affordable service for current and future customers. As policies, social preferences, and the threat landscape evolve, additional considerations for power system planners are emerging, including decarbonization, resilience, and energy equity and justice. The MOD-Plan framework leverages and extends prior work to provide a framework for integrating incorporating resilience, equity, and decarbonization into integrated distribution system planning.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2022

WETO Resilience Research: Microgrids, Infrastructure Resilience, and Advanced Controls Launchpad (MIRACL)

INL focuses on resilience and cybersecurity for distributed wind under the Microgrids, Infrastructure Resilience, and Advanced Controls Launchpad (MIRACL) project. Following the development of a resilience framework, INL has developed an application for resilience planning that includes automated hazard simulations to evaluate performance of various configurations. Additionally, INL is exploring the resilience of advanced distributed wind systems that leverage advanced controls and hybrid resources.

17 WIND ENERGY↗