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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 847 records · Page 47
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1972

A technique for making clean holes in metallic piping and components

Testing was conducted to develop a technique of providing clean holes in process piping or in a metal surface accessible from one side only without disassembling the system. The method was performed on sample pieces of piping and worked successfully with no contaminants being found on the inside of the pipe. The materials tested were Inconel 600, 304 stainless steel, Hastelloy X, and ASTM-A53 black steel. The technique was developed such that it could be done in the field with hand-held power tools and a portable tungsten inert gas welding machine.

Hecker, T. P.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Experimental active and passive dosimetry systems for the NASA Skylab program

Active and passive dosimetry instrumentation to measure absorbed dose, charged particle spectra, and linear energy transfer spectra inside the command module and orbital workshop on the Skylab program were developed and tested. The active dosimetry system consists of one integral unit employing both a tissue equivalent ionization chamber and silicon solid state detectors. The instrument measures dose rates from 0.2 millirad/hour to 25 rads/hour, linear energy transfer spectra from 2.8 to 42.4 Kev/micron, and the proton and alpha particle energy spectra from 0.5 to 75 Mev. The active dosimeter is equipped with a portable radiation sensor for use in astronaut on-body and spacecraft shielding surveys during passage of the Skylab through significant space radiations. Data are transmitted in real time or are recorded by onboard spacecraft tape recorder for rapid evaluation of the radiation levels. The passive dosimetry systems consist of twelve (12) hard-mounted assemblies, each containing a variety of passive radiation sensors which are recoverable at the end of the mission for analysis.

Schneider, M. F.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Advanced extravehicular protective systems study, volume 1

An appraisal was made of advanced portable and emergency life support systems concepts for space station, space shuttle, lunar base, and Mars EVA missions. Specifications are given, and the methodology is described. Subsystem studies and systems integration efforts are summarized. Among the conclusions are the following: (1) For long duration missions, a configuration incorporating a regenerable CO2 control subsystem and a thermal control subsystem utilizing a minimum of expendables decreases the vehicle penalty of present configurations. (2) For shorter duration missions, a configuration incorporating an expendable water thermal control subsystem is the most competitive subsystem; regenerable CO2 control subsystems if properly developed are competitive with nonregenerable counterparts. (3) The CO2 reduction and oxygen reclamation withing the parent vehicle is only competitive when there are three or more parent vehicle resupply periods. (4) For long duration emergency systems of one hour or more, inherent redundancy within the primary configuration to provide emergency thermal control is the most competitive approach.

Sutton, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A method for the measurement and analysis of ride vibrations of transportation systems

The measurement and recording of ride vibrations which affect passenger comfort in transportation systems and the subsequent data-reduction methods necessary for interpreting the data present exceptional instrumentation requirements and necessitate the use of computers for specialized analysis techniques. A method is presented for both measuring and analyzing ride vibrations of the type encountered in ground and air transportation systems. A portable system for measuring and recording low-frequency, low-amplitude accelerations and specialized data-reduction procedures are described. Sample vibration measurements in the form of statistical parameters representative of typical transportation systems are also presented to demonstrate the utility of the techniques.

Catherines, J. J.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Advanced Extravehicular Protective System (AEPS) study

A summary is presented of Advanced Extravehicular Protective Systems (AEPS) for the future missions beyond Skylab in earth orbit, on the lunar surface, and on the Martian surface. The study concentrated on the origination of regenerable life support concepts for use in portable extravehicular protective systems, and included evaluation and comparison with expendable systems, and selection of life support subsystems. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, subsystem concepts for performing life support functions in AEPS which are regenerable or partially regenerable were originated, and in addition, expendable subsystems were considered. Parametric data for each subsystem concept were evolved including subsystem weight and volume, power requirement, thermal control requirement; base regeneration equipment weight and volume, requirement. The second phase involved an evaluation of the impact of safety considerations involving redundant and/or backup systems on the selection of the regenerable life support subsystems. In addition, the impact of the space shuttle program on regenerable life support subsystem development was investigated.

Williams, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Long range laser traversing system

A study was carried out to determine the feasibility of a man-portable receiver system for land survey, which would be capable of detecting the optical scatter due to molecular and aerosol constituents of the atmosphere from a vertical laser beam. Tests were run with a beacon and receiver separated by approximately one mile. The system was consistently able to detect the laser signal regardless of background conditions.

Caudill, L. O.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Apollo PLSS: Environmental control of the smallest manned space vehicle

The production of a portable life support system (PLSS) and associated backup equipment for supporting an astronaut working outside of the lunar module (LM) either in space or on the lunar surface is reported. Described are the system, the philosophy behind its design, basic requirements imposed on the system, and some of the evolutionary processes that led to the present configuration.

Beggs, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A chlorate candle/lithium hydroxide personal breathing apparatus

A portable coal mine rescue and survival equipment is reported that consists of a chlorate candle with a lithium hydroxide carbon-dioxide absorbent for oxygen generation, a breathing bag and tubing to conduct breathing to and from the man. A plastic hood incorporating a mouth piece for communication provides also eye protection and prevents inhalation through the nose. Manned testing of a prototype system demonstrated the feasibility of this closed circuit no-maintenance breathing apparatus that provides for good voice communication.

Martin, F. E.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Advanced extravehicular protective systems

New technologies are identified and recommended for developing a regenerative portable life support system that provides protection for extravehicular human activities during long duration missions on orbiting space stations, potential lunar bases, and possible Mars landings. Parametric subsystems analyses consider: thermal control, carbon dioxide control, oxygen supply, power supply, contaminant control, humidity control, prime movers, and automatic temperature control.

Sutton, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Experimental system for the control of surgically induced infections

The experimental system is described, and the procedures for surgery usage and maintenance are outlined. Basically the system consists of the following: (1) a portable clean room comprised of a horizontal laminar flow filter system and a transparent walled enclosure, (2) a helmet-shoulder pad assembly, (3) a communications system, (4) a helmet ventilation system, and (5) surgical gowns.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1971

Analysis of remote sensing data for evaluating vegetation resources

Increased utilization studies for current remote sensor and analysis capabilities included: (1) a review of testing procedures for quantifying the accuracy of photointerpretation; (2) field tests of a fully portable spectral data gathering system, both on the ground and from a helicopter; and (3) a comparison of three methods for obtaining ground information necessary for regional agricultural inventories. A version of the LARS point-by-point classification system was upgraded by the addition of routines to analyze spatial data information.

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NASA NTRS1971

Apollo 15 Mission Report

A detailed discussion is presented of the Apollo 15 mission, which conducted exploration of the moon over longer periods, greater ranges, and with more instruments of scientific data acquisition than previous missions. The topics include trajectory, lunar surface science, inflight science and photography, command and service module performance, lunar module performance, lunar surface operational equipment, pilot's report, biomedical evaluation, mission support performance, assessment of mission objectives, launch phase summary, anomaly summary, and vehicle and equipment descriptions. The capability of transporting larger payloads and extending time on the moon were demonstrated. The ground-controlled TV camera allowed greater real-time participation by earth-bound personnel. The crew operated more as scientists and relied more on ground support team for systems monitoring. The modified pressure garment and portable life support system provided better mobility and extended EVA time. The lunar roving vehicle and the lunar communications relay unit were also demonstrated.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1971

Lunar mission safety and rescue: Escape/rescue analysis and plan

The results are presented of the technical analysis of escape/rescue/survival situations, crew survival techniques, alternate escape/rescue approaches and vehicles, and the advantages and disadvantages of each for advanced lunar exploration. Candidate escape/rescue guidelines are proposed and elements of a rescue plan developed. The areas of discussions include the following: lunar arrival/departure operations, lunar orbiter operations, lunar surface operations, lunar surface base escape/rescue analysis, lander tug location operations, portable airlock, emergency pressure suit, and the effects of no orbiting lunar station, no lunar surface base, and no foreign lunar orbit/surface operations on the escape/rescue plan.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1972

Human strength simulations for one and two-handed tasks in zero gravity

A description is given of a three dimensional hand force capability model for the seated operator and a biomechanical model for analysis of symmetric sagittal plane activities. The models are used to simulate and study human strengths for one and two handed tasks in zero gravity. Specific conditions considered include: (1) one hand active, (2) both hands active but with different force directions on each, (3) body bracing situations provided by portable foot restraint when standing and lap belt when seated, (4) static or slow movement tasks with maximum length of 4 seconds and a minimum rest of 5 minutes between exertions, and (5) wide range of hand positions relative to either the feet or bisection of a line connecting the hip centers. Simulations were also made for shirt sleeved individuals and for the male population strengths with anthropometry matching that of astronauts.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1971

A data acquisition system for marine and ecological research.

Description of a self-contained portable data acquisition system for use in marine and ecological research. The compact lightweight data acquisition system is capable of recording 14 variables in its present configuration and is suitable for use in either a boat, pickup truck, or light aircraft. This system will provide the acquisition of reliable data on the structure of the environment and the effect of man-made and natural activities on the observed phenomenon. Utilizing both self-contained analog recording and a telemetry transmitter for real-time digital readout and recording, the prototype system has undergone extensive testing. Currently undergoing component performance upgrading, the prototype system has been utilized in several environmental science investigations associated with air pollution investigations and weather modification and is currently being used for marine data acquisition.

Johnson, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Advanced extravehicular protective systems for shuttle, space station, lunar base and Mars missions.

Advances in extravehicular life support system technology will directly influence future space mission reliability and maintainability considerations. To identify required new technology areas, an appraisal of advanced portable life support system and subsystem concepts was conducted. Emphasis was placed on thermal control and combined CO2 control/O2 supply subsystems for both primary and emergency systems. A description of study methodology, concept evaluation techniques, specification requirements, and selected subsystems and systems are presented. New technology recommendations encompassing thermal control, CO2 control and O2 supply subsystems are also contained herein.

Heimlich, P. F.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Dual transponder time synchronization at C band using ATS-3.

The use of artificial satellites for time synchronization of geographically distant clocks is hindered by problems due to satellite motion or equipment delay measurements. The ATS-3 satellite with its two C-band transponder channels helps solve these problems through techniques for synchronization to accuracies of tenths of microseconds. Portable cesium clocks were used to verify the accuracy of the described system.

Mazur, W. E., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Laser Doppler anemometer for water tunnel applications.

A laser Doppler anemometer for three-dimensional velocity measurement in liquids and gases under a wide range of laboratory conditions has been developed. The instrument is particularly well suited for water tunnel applications. It is portable, easily aligned, and inexpensive (excluding electronic units). It operates in backscatter or forward scatter mode. In both cases all optical components, including laser and photomultiplier, remain on a common base. The system has built-in traversing capability and an aiming device for visualizing the focal (test) point. Design details and representative velocity measurements are given.

Bossel, H. H.↗