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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 847 records · Page 47
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1982

Telecommunications systems design

The general configuration of deep space telecommunication systems is reviewed with regard to the design criteria necessary to insure the integrity of the system's telemetry, command, and tracking functions. The signal to noise spectral density ratios that characterize telecommunications performance are defined in terms of the link parameters. For design control, a statistical approach to predict link performance and to assess its uncertainty is described.

Yuen, J. H.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Pilot's Desk Flight Station

Aircraft flight station designs have generally evolved through the incorporation of improved or modernized controls and displays. In connection with a continuing increase in the amount of information displayed, this process has produced a complex and cluttered conglomeration of knobs, switches, and electromechanical displays. The result was often high crew workload, missed signals, and misinterpreted information. Advances in electronic technology have now, however, led to new concepts in flight station design. An American aerospace company in cooperation with NASA has utilized these concepts to develop a candidate conceptual design for a 1995 flight station. The obtained Pilot's Desk Flight Station is a unique design which resembles more an operator's console than today's cockpit. Attention is given to configuration, primary flight controllers, front panel displays, flight/navigation display, approach charts and weather display, head-up display, and voice command and response systems.

Sexton, G. A.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Flight evaluation of highly augmented controls and electronic displays for precision approach and landing of powered-lift aircraft

Experiments were conducted on simulators and on the Quiet Short-Haul Research Aircraft to evaluate the effect of highly augmented control modes and electronic displays on the ability of pilots to execute precision approaches and landings on a short runway. It is found that the primary benefits of highly augmented flightpath and airspeed controls and electronic displays are realized when the pilot is required to execute precisely a complex transition and approach under instrument conditions and in the presence of a wide range of wind and turbulence conditions. A flightpath and airspeed command and stabilization system incorporating nonlinear, inverse system concepts produced fully satisfactory flightpath control throughout the aircraft's terminal operating envelope.

Franklin, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS1985

User interface and payload command and control

Two tasks comprise this overall effort. The first is concerned with developing a modular, machine independent workstation design, science operations interface language and interaction techniques. Design concepts and prototype demonstration of a state of the art prototype workstation are to be based on defining user requirements by determining user interface modes, reflecting needs in space and on ground. The second task aims at generating a command and control system design concept for supporting telescience - a concept for independent science user operations within an operations envelope.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1987

An expert system that performs a satellite station keepimg maneuver

The development and characteristics of a prototype expert system, Expert System for Satellite Orbit Control (ESSOC), capable of providing real-time spacecraft system analysis and command generation for a geostationary satellite are described. The ESSOC recommends appropriate commands that reflect both the changing spacecraft condition and previous procedural action. An internal knowledge base stores satellite status information and is updated with processed spacecraft telemetry. Procedural structure data are encoded in production rules. Structural methods of knowledge acquisition and the design and performance-enhancing techniques that enable ESSOC to operate in real time are also considered.

Linesbrowning, M. Kate↗
NASA NTRS1989

Interactive remote control for an STS-based superfluid helium transfer demonstration

NASA's superfluid helium on-orbit transfer (SHOOT) experiment, which is a Shuttle-based demonstration of the technology required to service cryogenically cooled satellites in space, is described. The SHOOT Command and Monitoring System software, developed on Macintosh II, will provide a near-real-time highly interactive interface making it possible to control the experiment and to analyze and display its telemetry. User interface is discussed as well as conversion functions, and hardware.

Shapiro, Jeff C.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Speech versus manual control of camera functions during a telerobotic task

Voice input for control of camera functions was investigated in this study. Objective were to (1) assess the feasibility of a voice-commanded camera control system, and (2) identify factors that differ between voice and manual control of camera functions. Subjects participated in a remote manipulation task that required extensive camera-aided viewing. Each subject was exposed to two conditions, voice and manual input, with a counterbalanced administration order. Voice input was found to be significantly slower than manual input for this task. However, in terms of remote manipulator performance errors and subject preference, there was no difference between modalities. Voice control of continuous camera functions is not recommended. It is believed that the use of voice input for discrete functions, such as multiplexing or camera switching, could aid performance. Hybrid mixes of voice and manual input may provide the best use of both modalities. This report contributes to a better understanding of the issues that affect the design of an efficient human/telerobot interface.

Bierschwale, John M.↗
NASA NTRS1990

An Evaluation of Automatic Control System Concepts for General Aviation Airplanes

A piloted simulation study of automatic longitudinal control systems for general aviation airplanes has been conducted. These automatic control systems were designed to make the simulated airplane easy to fly for a beginning or infrequent pilot. Different control systems are presented and their characteristics are documented. In a conventional airplane control system each cockpit controller commands combinations of both the airspeed and the vertical speed. The best system in the present study decoupled the airspeed and vertical speed responses to cockpit controller inputs. An important feature of the automatic system was that neither changing flap position nor maneuvering in steeply banked turns affected either the airspeed or the vertical speed. All the pilots who flew the control system simulation were favorably impressed with the very low workload and the excellent handling qualities of the simulated airplane.

Stewart, E. C.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Research into software executives for space operations support

Research concepts pertaining to a software (workstation) executive which will support a distributed processing command and control system characterized by high-performance graphics workstations used as computing nodes are presented. Although a workstation-based distributed processing environment offers many advantages, it also introduces a number of new concerns. In order to solve these problems, allow the environment to function as an integrated system, and present a functional development environment to application programmers, it is necessary to develop an additional layer of software. This 'executive' software integrates the system, provides real-time capabilities, and provides the tools necessary to support the application requirements.

Collier, Mark D.↗
NASA NTRS1991

A preliminary investigation of the use of throttles for emergency flight control

A preliminary investigation was conducted regarding the use of throttles for emergency flight control of a multiengine aircraft. Several airplanes including a light twin-engine piston-powered airplane, jet transports, and a high performance fighter were studied during flight and piloted simulations. Simulation studies used the B-720, B-727, MD-11, and F-15 aircraft. Flight studies used the Lear 24, Piper PA-30, and F-15 airplanes. Based on simulator and flight results, all the airplanes exhibited some control capability with throttles. With piloted simulators, landings using manual throttles-only control were extremely difficult. An augmented control system was developed that converts conventional pilot stick inputs into appropriate throttle commands. With the augmented system, the B-720 and F-15 simulations were evaluated and could be landed successfully. Flight and simulation data were compared for the F-15 airplane.

Burcham, F. W., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1991

A preliminary investigation of the use of throttles for emergency flight control

A preliminary investigation was conducted regarding the use of throttles for emergency flight control of a multiengine aircraft. Several airplanes including a light twin-engine piston-powered airplane, jet transports, and a high performance fighter were studied during flight and piloted simulations. Simulation studies used the B-720, B-727, MD-11, and F-15 aircraft. Flight studies used the Lear 24, Piper PA-30, and F-15 airplanes. Based on simulator and flight results, all the airplanes exhibited some control capability with throttles. With piloted simulators, landings using manual throttles-only control were extremely difficult. An augmented control system was developed that converts conventional pilot stick inputs into appropriate throttle commands. With the augmented system, the B-720 and F-15 simulations were evaluated and could be landed successfully. Flight and simulation data were compared for the F-15 airplane.

Burcham, F. W., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Nimbus-7

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for Nimbus 7 are summarized. The basic Nimbus series spacecraft is attitude-stabilized in three axes, with the yaw axis always pointing towards the center of the Earth. The spacecraft provides a stable platform, power, command, and data handling support for active and passive sensors for daily global surveillance of the atmosphere, and for mapping details of the atmospheric structure and Earth surface from satellite altitudes. The Nimbus 7 mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profile; DSN support coverage; S-band frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Foreman, M.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Pioneer 6 through 8

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for Pioneer 6, 7 and 8 are summarized. The primary objective of these Pioneer missions is to collect scientific data relative to interplanetary phenomena within a range of approximately 0.8 to 1.2 astronomical units from the sun. Following orbital injection, each spacecraft was oriented with its spin axis normal to the ecliptic plane so that the high gain antenna pattern would be aligned with Earth's orbit. The mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profiles; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Lozier, D.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Pioneer 12 (PN-12)

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for Pioneer 12 are summarized. The Pioneer 12 spacecraft is in a 24-hour elliptical orbit around Venus. Atmospheric and altimetry data are obtained mainly around periapsis, and planetary imaging is normally performed around apoapsis. The Pioneer 12 mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profile; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Lozier, D.↗
NASA NTRS1991

SAMPEX

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for SAMPEX are summarized. SAMPEX is the first mission of the GSFC Small Explorer Satellite program (SMEX). Its primary scientific objectives are to measure the elemental and isotopic composition of solar energetic particles, anomalous cosmic rays, and galactic cosmic rays over the energy range from approximately one to several hundred MeV per nucleon. The SAMPEX mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profile; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Catena, J.↗
NASA NTRS1991

SOLAR-A

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for SOLAR-A are summarized. The SOLAR-A mission objectives are to investigate high energy phenomena of the Sun using x-ray telescopes and spectrometers during the maximum activity period of the solar cycle. The spacecraft will be launched into a circular earth orbit of approximately 500 km altitude and 31 deg inclination. The mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft profile; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Ninomiya, K.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Space Flyer Unit (SFU)

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for the Space Flyer Unit (SFU) are summarized. The SFU is an unmanned, reusable, and retrievable free-flying platform for multipurpose use. The SFU spacecraft will carry seven individual experiments to be completed during its mission period. The mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profile; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Ninomiya, T.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Telecom 2-A (TC2A)

The DSN (Deep Space Network) mission support requirements for Telecom 2-A (TC2A) are summarized. The Telecom 2-A will provide high-speed data link applications, telephone, and television service between France and overseas territories. The mission objectives are outlined and the DSN support requirements are defined through the presentation of tables and narratives describing the spacecraft flight profile; DSN support coverage; frequency assignments; support parameters for telemetry, command and support systems; and tracking support responsibility.

Dulac, J.↗