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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Post-Closure Report for Closed Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Units, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada (CY2021)

This report serves as the combined annual report for post-closure activities in compliance with the requirements listed in Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Permit Number NEV HW0101 associated with the following closed corrective action units (CAUs): CAU 90, Area 2 Bitcutter Containment, CAU 91, Area 3 U-3fi Injection Well, CAU 92, Area 6 Decon Pond Facility, CAU 110, Area 3 WMD U-3ax/bl Crater, CAU 111, Area 5 WMD Retired Mixed Waste Pits, and CAU 112, Area 23 Hazardous Waste Trenches. This report covers calendar year 2021. The post-closure requirements for these sites are described in RCRA Permit NEV HW0101 and are summarized in each CAU-specific section of this report. The results of the inspections, a summary of maintenance activities, and an evaluation of monitoring data are presented in this report. This report will address all monitoring requirements noted in the RCRA Permit NEV HW0101, except groundwater monitoring. Groundwater monitoring is documented in the Nevada National Security Site Data Report: Groundwater Monitoring Program Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site. All required inspections, maintenance, and monitoring were conducted in accordance with the post-closure requirements of the permit. Revision 6 of RCRA Permit NEV HW0101 was issued effective December 10, 2015, and remained in effect until December 10, 2020. At the time of this report submittal, the new RCRA permit application was in review.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

America's Strategy to Secure the Supply Chain for a Robust Clean Energy Transition

The opportunity for U.S. global leadership on clean energy is enormous. On February 24, 2021, President Biden issued Executive Order 14017, “America’s Supply Chains,” directing the Secretary of Energy to submit a supply chain strategy overview report for the Energy Sector Industrial Base (ESIB). This report lays out the myriad challenges and opportunities facing the energy supply chain along with key strategies to secure America’s position as a clean energy superpower in the years and decades to come.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

Non-Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Unit (CAU) Post-Closure Inspection Report, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada (CY2021, Revision 0)

This report includes visual inspection results, maintenance and repair activities, and recommendations for calendar year (CY) 2021 for use restrictions (URs) at corrective action sites (CASs) located on the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) and on the Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR) that are accessed through the NNSS Main Gate. This document is formatted by project activity (i.e., Industrial Sites, Soils, and Defense Threat Reduction Agency [DTRA]); then by corrective action unit (CAU); and then by CAS.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Secure Communications Concept and API Concept for Integrating XENDEE Positronix with TESLA PowerPack System at Site 300 (Final Deliverable)

The CleanStart DERMS project focuses on the management of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) for enhanced distribution grid resilience. The demonstration site has changed from Riverside Public Utility to the LLNS Site 300 DERS demonstration site. This project has so far focused only on device level controllers and local area controllers. These controllers potentially lack the ability to perform supervisory control and grid interactive control functions, essential for grid-level optimal DER management. This project seeks to close that gap in development of secure communication concept and appropriate Application Programming Interfaces (API) to enable integration with DERs, device level and local area controllers, such as Distributed Energy Resources Management System (DERMS).

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Effects of Intrusive Confining Units on Groundwater Flow at Pahute Mesa, Nevada National Security Site

Geological, geophysical, hydrogeological, and hydrological evidence indicates that feeder dikes to rhyolitic lava flows may play a role as confining units in the groundwater flow system underlying the Pahute Mesa (PM) area of underground nuclear testing at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) (Figure 1). Of geological significance, the PM testing area is largely situated within the Silent Canyon caldera complex (SCCC), which includes both tuffs and lavas that were fed by (and are connected to) intrusive rock units such as feeder dikes prior to and during volcanic eruptions (Orkild et al., 1968; Byers et al., 1976a). Groundwater modeling results presented in this report support extension of “pool-dam” and “breach scenario” concepts presented in Jackson and Fenelon (2018) and Jackson et al. (2021) to low-permeability intrusive confining units (ICUs) such as feeder dikes that are expected to dissect and ring silicic calderas. As laterally extensive, steeply-dipping, and sub-parallel planar structures, ICUs may further compartmentalize groundwater flow in some areas of the volcanic aquifer system at PM. ICUs may explain unusually high horizontal hydraulic gradient southwest of Cheshire. Breaching of an ICU within which the Cheshire test was emplaced may explain changes in water levels before and after the Cheshire test was detonated in the U-20n emplacement hole on 2/14/76 (USDOE, 2015b). This analysis of the effects of ICUs on groundwater flow at PM addresses a need to evaluate uncertainty in the conceptual model or structural aspects of hydrologic source term (HST) or corrective action unit (CAU) models for groundwater flow and contaminant transport (FFACO, 1996, as amended). At Cheshire and possibly other test locations at PM, downgradient extent of radionuclide contamination may be overpredicted by not including the confining effects of ICUs. On the other hand, contaminant extent may be underpredicted by not considering transient flow effects and/or the re-equilibrated flow field caused by breaching of an ICU by an underground nuclear test. Near Cheshire, the effects of ICUs may be most apparent and impactful to the groundwater flow system at PM because of an unusual combination of thickness, extent, and frequency of dikes transecting the saturated CHLFA4 aquifer and feeding into the overlying unsaturated rhyolite lava of Windy Wash. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 present geological, geophysical, hydrogeological, and hydrological evidence for ICUs at PM. Chapters 5 and 6 examine effects of ICUs on groundwater flow including analysis by groundwater modeling.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Analysis of Transient Groundwater Flow Near the Cheshire Test at Pahute Mesa, Nevada National Security Site

This report focuses on analysis and determination of the causes of transient water levels measured between 1964 and 2017 near the Cheshire underground nuclear test, which was detonated on February 14, 1976 in Area 20 (USDOE, 2015b) of the Pahute Mesa (PM) testing areas of the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) located in southern Nevada (Figure 1). Transient water levels near Cheshire indicate influences of a water-production well and yet-unexplained water level rise attributed to testing effects (Jackson and Fenelon, 2018; Jackson et al. 2021). Transient groundwater flow is relevant to the implementation of the hydrologic source term (HST), which prescribes the quantity and release rates of radionuclide source terms to be applied at individual test locations in assessment of regional-scale radionuclide transport (Carle and Tompson, 2021; Carle et al., 2021), as previously investigated for NNSS testing areas at PM (Pawloski et al., 2001), Frenchman Flat (Carle et al, 2007), Yucca Flat (Carle et al., 2009; Mcnab, 2009; Tompson et al., 2009), and Rainier Mesa (Carle, 2011; Tompson et al., 2011).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

National Security Research Center (NSRC) Overview

The National Security Research Center (NSRC) is Los Alamos' classified library. It houses 75+ years of scientific and engineering research, designs, procedures, videos, photos, and other reports.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Industrial Assessment Center for Energy Efficiency, Smart Manufacturing and Cyber Security of Illinois and Northwestern Indiana Small and Medium Sized Manufacturing Companies and Water Facilities (Final Technical Report)

The University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) established and implemented a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored Industrial Assessment Center (IAC) from September 1, 2016 through December 31, 2021. The established UIC IAC focused on providing 1) technical assistance to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and water and wastewater facilities in Illinois and northwestern Indiana and 2) education and training university students developing the future energy workforce. The technical assessments incorporated energy efficiency, increasing productivity via smart manufacturing, energy management systems, enhancing on-site cyber security practices, and the promotion of DOE best practices and tools. The educational training enabled UIC faculty and staff to provide classroom education, exposure to industry research, multiple targeted training sessions, real world experience with industry professionals, and live training to implement professional grade audits and recommendations.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Streamlined Approach for Environmental Restoration (SAFER) Plan for Corrective Action Unit 114: Area 25 EMAD Facility Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, (Rev.0, with ROTC 1)

This Streamlined Approach for Environmental Restoration (SAFER) Plan addresses the actions needed to achieve closure for Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 114, Area 25 EMAD Facility, identified in the Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order (FFACO). CAU 114 comprises the following corrective action sites (CASs) located in Area 25 of the Nevada National Security Site (formerly, the Nevada Test Site): 25-41-03, EMAD Facility; 25-99-23, Manned Control Car (MCC) and Engine Installation Vehicle (EIV); and 25-33-05, Building 3901, Engine Transport System Maintenance Building. This plan provides the methodology for field activities needed to gather the necessary information for closing CAU 114. There is sufficient information and process knowledge from historical documentation and investigations of similar sites regarding the expected nature and extent of potential contaminants to recommend closure of CAU 114 using the SAFER process. Additional information will be obtained by conducting a field investigation before selecting the appropriate corrective actions for CAU 114. It is anticipated that the results of the field investigation and implementation of corrective actions will support a defensible recommendation that no further corrective action is necessary. The purpose of the corrective action investigation will be to document and verify the adequacy of existing information; to affirm the decision for either clean closure, closure in place, or no further action; and to provide sufficient data to implement the corrective action. The actual corrective action selected will be based on characterization activities implemented under this SAFER Plan. If specific conditions or findings fall outside the bounds of the SAFER Plan, the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection (NDEP) will be consulted to determine the path forward before proceeding. Upon completion of SAFER activities, a closure report will be prepared and submitted to NDEP for review and approval. The schedule for completion of the closure report will be established at the FFACO annual meeting.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

June 2022 Permeability Measurements in P-Tunnel, Nevada National Security Site

This document describes gas permeability measurements made in June 2022 in P-Tunnel at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS). Four boreholes (AC-1, GI-5, GI-6, and HF-1) were tested with a dual packer system. The pressure versus flow rate data that were collected are analyzed using a numerical simulation method that captures compressible gas flow in partially saturated porous media using a close approximation to the geometry of the test setup. The first part of this document begins with data collection and a description of the packer assembly followed by details on data acquisition, measurement instrumentation, and equipment followed by a description of pre-test system verification. Next, the implementation of testing in the field is described, including how specific locations were chosen for testing. The second part of this document describes the numerical simulations used to back-out permeability from the pressure versus flow rate data. First, the numerical model is described, including assumptions. Next the details of the mesh that represents the experiment are described. A method for generating type curves in pressure versus flow rate space is presented and finally the data are mapped to permeability. We conclude with a discussion of the results.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Energy Resilience for Mission Assurance: Agile Co-simulation for Cyber Energy System Security (ACCESS), Model Advancements for Resilience Analysis

Agile Co-simulation for Cyber Energy System Security (ACCESS) is a co-simulation platform developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The primary high-level use-case for ACCESS is to study existing or new cyber-physical critical infrastructure systems, with a heavy emphasis on 1) systems that utilize communication networks, and 2) studies that seek to understand cyber-related system impacts. ACCESS is currently used for several energy system resilience projects at LLNL. In the Energy Resilience for Mission Assurance (ERMA) project, ACCESS is used in the Modeling for Metric Calculation task (specifically, subtask 4.3, Communications and Cyber Modeling) to model and simulate the cyber and communication system aspects of Defense Critical Electric Infrastructure (DCEI) systems, with a focus on computing specific communication system metrics that can impact system resilience and mission performance. Simulated communication system performance will be fed back to other ERMA system components so that mission performance can be evaluated holistically. This report describes several enhancements to the ACCESS platform that were implemented during the execution of the ERMA project in support of reslience analysis. This includes the addition of new models and subsystems, enhancements to existing models, and integration with external systems. The remainder of this report is structured as follows. In Section 2, a brief background description of the ACCESS platform is provided, including an outline of ACCESS components, example usecases, and a set of communication network resilience metrics that can be computed with ACCESS. Section 3 describes the ACCESS model enhancements for ERMA in detail. Finally, Section 4 briefly outlines future integration opportunities between ACCESS and project participant capabilities identified during the progression of the project.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Porting a fast-running wildfire plume model for use in national security and climate applications

In this project, the code for the fast-running Freitas wildfire plume model was successfully ported into the NARAC system, creating an operations-ready capability for predicting the transport of hazardous smoke from large wildfires. “Porting” refers to copying a section of code from one software package to another while accounting for unique dependencies in each software package. In this case, the code was ported from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model, which is used extensively by the project team. To verify correct implementation, model results from the updated NARAC system were compared to those from WRF and the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) forecast model, which also employs the Freitas scheme. The NARAC User Interface (UI) and code documentation were also updated to include the new wildfire plume option, and a wildfire case was added to the NARAC test suite. The code was used in a real-time, semi-operational setup to predict smoke transport during the Cerro Pelado fire near Los Alamos National Laboratory in May 2022. The Freitas plume model was also tested for LLNL climate applications. Although the code was not ported into the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM), it was tested offline using E3SM atmospheric inputs, and results were compared to existing high-resolution plume predictions from large-eddy simulations in WRF. The code implementation and testing completed during this project will enable future work predicting smoke transport from large wildfires in LLNL national security and climate mission spaces.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Post-Closure Report for Closed Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Corrective Action Units, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada, For Calendar Year 2021 (Revision 1)

This report serves as the combined annual report for post-closure activities in compliance with the requirements listed in Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Permit Number NEV HW0101 associated with the following closed corrective action units (CAUs): CAU 90, Area 2 Bitcutter Containment; CAU 91, Area 3 U-3fi Injection Well; CAU 92, Area 6 Decon Pond Facility; CAU 110, Area 3 WMD U-3ax/bl Crater; CAU 111, Area 5 WMD Retired Mixed Waste Pits; and CAU 112, Area 23 Hazardous Waste Trenches. This report will address all monitoring requirements noted in the RCRA Permit NEV HW0101, except groundwater monitoring. Groundwater monitoring is documented in the Nevada National Security Site Data Report: Groundwater Monitoring Program Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗