Analysis of Different Permutation of a Hybrid Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) & Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) System.
Abstract not provided.
Anaya, Guillermo↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Analysis of a Hybrid Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) & Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) System and Safety Approaches
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Armijo, Kenneth Miguel↗
Analysis of Ground Source Heat Pump ECMs: Implemented Under DOE ESPC IDIQ Contract
Several federal performance and decarbonization objectives are driving the U.S. government to transition to net-zero emissions across the federal building portfolio. The overarching purpose of this Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP)-Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO) work is to support federal facilities in accomplishing the administration’s federal building decarbonization goals. Creating awareness of existing geothermal (or ground-source) heat pump (GHP) systems deployed on federal property, implemented using performance contracts and evaluating the energy and environmental impacts of these systems, this work will assist federal facilities in considering inclusion of GHP technology energy conservation measures (ECMs) in future performance contracting project awards. This report summarizes analyses of data from GHP ECMs installed under the DOE ESPC IDIQ contract across various climate areas and geographic locations, agencies, and building use types. Through the analysis of proposed GHP ECMs and understanding key metrics on implemented GHP systems in a variety of applications, FEMP and GTO can further support federal agencies in meeting decarbonization and net-zero building goals by evaluating and incorporating GHP systems into performance contracts and communicate the benefits of this technology.
15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
Ground heat exchanger design tool with rowwise placement of boreholes
Simulation-based design tools have been used since the late 1980s for designing ground heat exchangers (GHE) used with ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems. The ground heat exchanger simulations used in these tools rely on thermal response functions known as g-functions. Because of the significant computational burden in computing g-functions for even a single configuration, the design tools have relied on libraries of pre-computed g-functions. These g-functions were available for standard configuration shapes, such as lines, rectangles, open rectangles, L-shapes, and U-shapes. Standard shapes are often sub-optimal. For any building on a site, the available land may preclude use of a standard shape. For large GSHP systems with significantly imbalanced annual heat rejection and extraction loads, large rectangular fields may experience significant heat build-up (or heat draw-down) in the interior of the field. This paper describes a new ground heat exchanger design tool capable of automatically selecting and sizing both standard and irregular configurations. The focus of this paper is a method for creating, selecting and sizing irregular configurations where the available land area and "no-go" zones are described as irregular polygons.
Spitler, Jeffery↗
Unstable and multiple pulsing can be invisible to ultrashort pulse measurement techniques
Here, multiple pulsing occurs in most ultrashort-pulse laser systems when pumped at excessively high powers, and small fluctuations in pump power in certain regimes can cause unusual variations in the temporal separations of sub-pulses. Unfortunately, the ability of modern intensity-and-phase pulse measurement techniques to measure such unstable multi-pulsing has not been studied. Here we report calculations and simulations finding that allowing variations in just the relative phase of a satellite pulse causes the second pulse to completely disappear from a spectral interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction (SPIDER) measurement. We find that, although neither frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) nor autocorrelation can determine the precise properties of satellite pulses due to the presence of instability, they always succeed in, at least, seeing the satellite pulses. Also, additional post-processing of the measured FROG trace can determine the correct approximate relative height of the satellite pulse and definitively indicate the presence of unstable multiple-pulsing.
42 ENGINEERING↗
Ultra-high molecular sink vacuum chamber
Double-wall vacuum chamber can be separated from the remainder of the system and pumped by ultra-clean techniques. Ultrahigh vacuum is maintained by the cryogenic effect of a cold wall and titanium chemisorption.
Stephens, J. B.↗
Vacuum systems for space simulation
Vacuum systems and pumping subsystems for simulating space environments
Holkeboer, D. H.↗
Vehicle-scale investigation of a fluorine jet-pump liquid hydrogen tank pressurization system.
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Cady, E. C.↗
The dynamic behavior of articulated pipes conveying fluid with periodic flow rate.
The plane motion of two rigid, straight articulated pipes conveying fluid is examined. In contrast to previous work, the flow rate is not taken as constant, but is allowed to have small periodic oscillations about a mean value, as would be expected in a pump-driven system. It is shown that in the presence of such disturbances, both parametric and combination resonances are possible. When the system can also admit loss of stability by static buckling or by flutter, it is found that the presence of small periodic disturbances constitutes a destabilizing effect. Floquet theory and converging infinite determinant expansions are used to illustrate a basic difference between systems which lose stability by divergence and those that lose stability by flutter. An algebraic criterion is obtained for the minimum amplitude of flow-rate oscillation required for the system to be affected by the presence of small disturbances.
Bohn, M. P.↗
Evidence of charge exchange pumping in calcium-xenon system
A flowing xenon plasma seeded with calcium was used to investigate the population mechanism for the 5s and 4d levels of Ca(+). From the dependence of certain line intensity ratios on electron temperature it was concluded that charge exchange between Xe(+) and Ca is the predominate mechanism for populating the 5s and 4d levels. Comparison with intensity ratios obtained in Ca-Ar and Ca-Kr imply the same conclusion.
Chubb, D. L.↗
Size effects and electron microscopy of thin metal films
All films were deposited by resistive heated evaporation in an oil diffusion pumped vacuum system (ultimate approx. equal to 0.0000001 torr). The growth from nuclei to a continuous film is highly dependent on the deposition parameters, evaporation rate as well as substrate material and substrate temperature. The growth stages of a film and the dependence of grain size on various deposition and annealing parameters are shown. Resistivity measurements were taken on thin films to observe size effects.
Hernandez, J. D.↗
Extending the range of leak detectors
Pressure-gage calibration, mass-spectrometer leak detector measures leakage rates up to 300 times greater than its normal limit. Approach utilizes constant-volume displacement characteristic of mechanical vacuum pump. Vacuum system must be small for calibration measurement validity and reduction of outgassing.
Burr, M. E.↗
Solar-pumped lasers for space power transmission
Multi-Megawatt CW solar-pumped lasers appear to be technologically feasible for space power transmission in the 1990s time frame. A new concept for a solar-pumped laser is presented which utilizes an intermediate black body cavity to provide a uniform optical pumping environment for the lasant, either CO or CO2. Reradiation losses are minimized with resulting high efficiency operation. A 1 MW output laser may weigh as little as 8000 kg including solar collector, black body cavity, laser cavity and ducts, pumps, power systems and waste heat radiator. The efficiency of such a system will be on the order of 10 to 20%. Details of the new concept, laser design, comparison to competing solar-powered lasers and applications to a laser solar power satellite (SPS) concept are presented.
Taussig, R.↗
Large volume multiple-pass nuclear pumped laser
The paper describes research efforts at the Langley Research Center to study large volume, volumetric pumped laser systems and methods to extract lasing energy from these systems. Nuclear lasing has been achieved for a mixture of 800 torr He-3-Ar (1% Ar) with a peak thermal flux of 2.9 x 10 to the 16th n/sq cm-sec. Attention is given to the scaling of the multiple-pass box laser with increasing number of multiple passes and the scaling of laser output with path length.
Deyoung, R. J.↗
Research on fission induced plasmas and nuclear pumped lasers at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory
A program of research on gaseous uranium and uranium plasmas is being conducted at The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory under sponsorship of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The objective of this work is twofold: (1) to demonstrate the proof of principle of a gaseous uranium fueled reactor, and (2) pursue fundamental research on nuclear pumped lasers. The relevancy of the two parallel programs is embodied in the possibility of a high-performance uranium plasma reactor being used as the power supply for a nuclear pumped laser system. The accomplishments in the two above fields are summarized
Helmick, H. H.↗
Argon/UF6 plasma experiments: UF6 regeneration and product analysis
An experimental and analytical investigation was conducted to aid in developing some of the technology necessary for designing a self-critical fissioning uranium plasma core reactors (PCR). This technology is applicable to gaseous uranium hexafluoride nuclear-pumped laser systems. The principal equipment used included 1.2 MW RF induction heater, a d.c. plasma torch, a uranium tetrafluoride feeder system, and batch-type fluorine/UF6 regeneration systems. Overall objectives were to continue to develop and test materials and handling techniques suitable for use with high-temperature, high-pressure, gaseous UF6; and to continue development of complementary diagnostic instrumentation and measurement techniques to characterize the effluent exhaust gases and residue deposited on the test chamber and exhaust system components. Specific objectives include: a development of a batch-type UF6 regeneration system employing pure high-temperature fluorine; development of a ruggedized time-of-flight mass spectrometer and associated data acquisition system capable of making on-line concentration measurements of the volatile effluent exhaust gas species in a high RF environment and corrosive environment of UF6 and related halide compounds.
Roman, W. C.↗
An integrated development facility for the calibration of low-energy charged particle flight instrumentation
A system was developed for the calibration and development of thermal ion instrumentation. The system provides an extended beam with usable current rates, approx. 1 pA/sq cm, at beam energies as low as 1 eV, with much higher values available with increasing energy. A tandem electrostatic and variable geometry magnetic mirror configuration within the ion source optimizes the use of the ionizing electrons. The system is integrated under microcomputer control to allow automatic control and monitoring of the beam energy and composition and the mass and angle-dependent response of the instrument under test. The system is pumped by a combination of carbon vane and cryogenic sorption roughing pumps and ion and liquid helium operating pumps.
Biddle, A. P.↗