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At least 811 records · Page 45
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1993

Two-dimensional spatiotemporal coding of linear acceleration in vestibular nuclei neurons

Response properties of vertical (VC) and horizontal (HC) canal/otolith-convergent vestibular nuclei neurons were studied in decerebrate rats during stimulation with sinusoidal linear accelerations (0.2-1.4 Hz) along different directions in the head horizontal plane. A novel characteristic of the majority of tested neurons was the nonzero response often elicited during stimulation along the "null" direction (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the maximum sensitivity vector, Smax). The tuning ratio (Smin gain/Smax gain), a measure of the two-dimensional spatial sensitivity, depended on stimulus frequency. For most vestibular nuclei neurons, the tuning ratio was small at the lowest stimulus frequencies and progressively increased with frequency. Specifically, HC neurons were characterized by a flat Smax gain and an approximately 10-fold increase of Smin gain per frequency decade. Thus, these neurons encode linear acceleration when stimulated along their maximum sensitivity direction, and the rate of change of linear acceleration (jerk) when stimulated along their minimum sensitivity direction. While the Smax vectors were distributed throughout the horizontal plane, the Smin vectors were concentrated mainly ipsilaterally with respect to head acceleration and clustered around the naso-occipital head axis. The properties of VC neurons were distinctly different from those of HC cells. The majority of VC cells showed decreasing Smax gains and small, relatively flat, Smin gains as a function of frequency. The Smax vectors were distributed ipsilaterally relative to the induced (apparent) head tilt. In type I anterior or posterior VC neurons, Smax vectors were clustered around the projection of the respective ipsilateral canal plane onto the horizontal head plane. These distinct spatial and temporal properties of HC and VC neurons during linear acceleration are compatible with the spatiotemporal organization of the horizontal and the vertical/torsional ocular responses, respectively, elicited in the rat during linear translation in the horizontal head plane. In addition, the data suggest a spatially and temporally specific and selective otolith/canal convergence. We propose that the central otolith system is organized in canal coordinates such that there is a close alignment between the plane of angular acceleration (canal) sensitivity and the plane of linear acceleration (otolith) sensitivity in otolith/canal-convergent vestibular nuclei neurons.

NASA Discipline Neuroscience↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sc3BPb by Materials Project

PbBSc3 is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sc is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent B and four equivalent Pb atoms. Both Sc–B bond lengths are 2.34 Å. All Sc–Pb bond lengths are 3.32 Å. B is bonded to six equivalent Sc atoms to form BSc6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent BSc6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent PbSc12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. Pb is bonded to twelve equivalent Sc atoms to form PbSc12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent PbSc12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent PbSc12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent BSc6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sc3SnB by Materials Project

SnBSc3 is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sc is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent B and four equivalent Sn atoms. Both Sc–B bond lengths are 2.33 Å. All Sc–Sn bond lengths are 3.29 Å. B is bonded to six equivalent Sc atoms to form BSc6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent BSc6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent SnSc12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. Sn is bonded to twelve equivalent Sc atoms to form SnSc12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent SnSc12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent SnSc12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent BSc6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cu3N by Materials Project

Cu3N is alpha Rhenium trioxide structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent N3- atoms. Both Cu–N bond lengths are 1.91 Å. N3- is bonded to six equivalent Cu1+ atoms to form corner-sharing NCu6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy3PbC by Materials Project

Dy3PbC is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Dy is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Pb and two equivalent C atoms. All Dy–Pb bond lengths are 3.48 Å. Both Dy–C bond lengths are 2.46 Å. Pb is bonded to twelve equivalent Dy atoms to form PbDy12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent PbDy12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent PbDy12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent CDy6 octahedra. C is bonded to six equivalent Dy atoms to form CDy6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent CDy6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent PbDy12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SnPt3C by Materials Project

Pt3SnC is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pt2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Sn2+ and two equivalent C4+ atoms. All Pt–Sn bond lengths are 3.04 Å. Both Pt–C bond lengths are 2.15 Å. Sn2+ is bonded to twelve equivalent Pt2- atoms to form SnPt12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent SnPt12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent SnPt12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent CPt6 octahedra. C4+ is bonded to six equivalent Pt2- atoms to form CPt6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent CPt6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent SnPt12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on La3InB by Materials Project

La3InB is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. La is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent In and two equivalent B atoms. All La–In bond lengths are 3.77 Å. Both La–B bond lengths are 2.66 Å. In is bonded to twelve equivalent La atoms to form InLa12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent InLa12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent InLa12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent BLa6 octahedra. B is bonded to six equivalent La atoms to form BLa6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent BLa6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent InLa12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y3PbC by Materials Project

Y3PbC is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Pb and two equivalent C atoms. All Y–Pb bond lengths are 3.48 Å. Both Y–C bond lengths are 2.46 Å. Pb is bonded to twelve equivalent Y atoms to form PbY12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent PbY12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent PbY12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent CY6 octahedra. C is bonded to six equivalent Y atoms to form CY6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent CY6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent PbY12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tm3PbC by Materials Project

Tm3PbC is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Tm is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Pb and two equivalent C atoms. All Tm–Pb bond lengths are 3.42 Å. Both Tm–C bond lengths are 2.42 Å. Pb is bonded to twelve equivalent Tm atoms to form PbTm12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent PbTm12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent PbTm12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent CTm6 octahedra. C is bonded to six equivalent Tm atoms to form CTm6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent CTm6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent PbTm12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Na3N by Materials Project

Na3N is alpha Rhenium trioxide structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Na1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent N3- atoms. Both Na–N bond lengths are 2.37 Å. N3- is bonded to six equivalent Na1+ atoms to form corner-sharing NNa6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on K3BrO by Materials Project

K3OBr is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. K1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent O2- and four equivalent Br1- atoms. Both K–O bond lengths are 2.64 Å. All K–Br bond lengths are 3.73 Å. O2- is bonded to six equivalent K1+ atoms to form OK6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent OK6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent BrK12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. Br1- is bonded to twelve equivalent K1+ atoms to form BrK12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent BrK12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent BrK12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent OK6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li3BrO by Materials Project

Li3OBr is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Li1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent O2- and four equivalent Br1- atoms. Both Li–O bond lengths are 2.00 Å. All Li–Br bond lengths are 2.83 Å. O2- is bonded to six equivalent Li1+ atoms to form OLi6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent OLi6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent BrLi12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. Br1- is bonded to twelve equivalent Li1+ atoms to form BrLi12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent BrLi12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent BrLi12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent OLi6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Na3ClO by Materials Project

Na3OCl is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Na1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent O2- and four equivalent Cl1- atoms. Both Na–O bond lengths are 2.27 Å. All Na–Cl bond lengths are 3.21 Å. O2- is bonded to six equivalent Na1+ atoms to form ONa6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ONa6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent ClNa12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. Cl1- is bonded to twelve equivalent Na1+ atoms to form ClNa12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent ClNa12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent ClNa12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent ONa6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Rb3BrO by Materials Project

Rb3OBr is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Rb1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent O2- and four equivalent Br1- atoms. Both Rb–O bond lengths are 2.79 Å. All Rb–Br bond lengths are 3.94 Å. O2- is bonded to six equivalent Rb1+ atoms to form ORb6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent ORb6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent BrRb12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. Br1- is bonded to twelve equivalent Rb1+ atoms to form BrRb12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent BrRb12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent BrRb12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent ORb6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hg3TeO6 by Materials Project

Hg3TeO6 is Skutterudite-derived structured and crystallizes in the cubic Ia-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Hg2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Hg–O bond distances ranging from 2.08–2.89 Å. There are two inequivalent Te6+ sites. In the first Te6+ site, Te6+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All Te–O bond lengths are 1.98 Å. In the second Te6+ site, Te6+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All Te–O bond lengths are 1.97 Å. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Hg2+ and one Te6+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Hg2+ and one Te6+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ag3SI by Materials Project

Ag3SI is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ag1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent S2- and four equivalent I1- atoms. Both Ag–S bond lengths are 2.50 Å. All Ag–I bond lengths are 3.54 Å. S2- is bonded to six equivalent Ag1+ atoms to form SAg6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent SAg6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent IAg12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. I1- is bonded to twelve equivalent Ag1+ atoms to form IAg12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent IAg12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent IAg12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent SAg6 octahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on PAuClF3 by Materials Project

AuCl(PF3) crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four AuCl(PF3) clusters. Au1- is bonded in a linear geometry to one P5+ and one Cl1- atom. The Au–P bond length is 2.21 Å. The Au–Cl bond length is 2.30 Å. P5+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Au1- and three F1- atoms. There is one shorter (1.56 Å) and two longer (1.57 Å) P–F bond length. Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Au1- atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CSNOF5 by Materials Project

CNSOF5 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four pentafluorosulfanyl isocyanate molecules. C4+ is bonded in a linear geometry to one N5+ and one O2- atom. The C–N bond length is 1.23 Å. The C–O bond length is 1.17 Å. N5+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one C4+ and one S2- atom. The N–S bond length is 1.69 Å. S2- is bonded in an octahedral geometry to one N5+ and five F1- atoms. There are a spread of S–F bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.63 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. There are five inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the third F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the fourth F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the fifth F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗