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At least 811 records · Page 45
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Hydropower Energy Storage Capacity Dataset

The Hydropower Energy Storage Capacity (HESC) Dataset catalogues estimates of nominal energy storage capacity based on varying levels of detail. Dams and reservoirs selected were selected based on those reported in the National Inventory of Dams (NID 2019) and/or the Global Reservoir and Dam (GRanD v1.3) datasets. These data provide a foundation for understanding available resources at existing hydropower facilities and their potential to provide storage of energy and more flexible generation. Current estimates include Level 1 (based on maximum storage capacities and hydraulic head) and Level 2 (based on historical models or observations of reservoir volume and hydraulic head). For facilities where installed capacity is known, there are also estimates for discharge duration or the length of time when a facility could provide generation at a given capacity. Essential information used to calculate the energy storage capacity and discharge duration (volume, hydraulic head, and details about the sources or records used to obtain those parameters) and summaries of historical generation (for context) are also included.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS1974

Use of remote sensing techniques for inventorying and planning utilization of land resources in South Dakota

The basic procedures for interpreting remote sensing imagery to rapidly develop general soils and land use inventories were developed and utilized in Pennington County, South Dakota. These procedures and remote sensing data products were illustrated and explained to many user groups, some of whom are interested in obtaining similar data. The general soils data were integrated with land soils data supplied by the county director of equalization to prepare a land value map. A computer print-out of this map indicating a land value for each quarter section is being used in tax reappraisal of Pennington County. The land use data provided the land use planners with the present use of land in Pennington County. Additional uses of remote sensing applications are also discussed including tornado damage assessment, hail damage evaluation, and presentation of soil and land value information on base maps assembled from ERTS-1 imagery.

Myers, V. I.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Short forms of the Texas Social Behavior Inventory /TSBI/, an objective measure of self-esteem

Two short (16 item) forms of the Helmreich, Stapp, and Ervin (1974) Texas Social Behavior Inventory, a validated, objective measure of self-esteem or social competence are presented. Normative data and other statistics are described for males and females. Correlations between each short form and long (32-item) scale were .97. Factor analysis and part-whole correlations verified the similarity of the two forms. The utility of the scale in research is described.

Helmreich, R.↗
NASA NTRS1979

The natural resources inventory system ASVT project

The hardware/software and the associated procedures for a natural resource inventory and information system based on the use of LANDSAT-acquired multispectral scanner digital data is described. The system is designed to derive land cover/vegetation information from LANDSAT data and geographically reference this information for the production of various types of maps and for the compilation of acreage by land cover/vegetation category. The system also provides for data base building so that the LANDSAT-derived information can be related to information digitized from other sources (e.g., soils maps) in a geographic context in order to address specific applications. These applications include agricultural crop production estimation, erosion hazard-reforestation need assessment, whitetail deer habitat assessment, and site selection. The system is tested in demonstration areas located in the state of Mississippi, and the results of these application demonstrations are presented. A cost-efficiency comparison of producing land cover/vegetation maps and statistics with this system versus the use of small-scale aerial photography is made.

Joyce, A. T.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Ancillary data acquisition for LACIE

The design, implementation, and operational functions of the three phases of LACIE supported the data needs of all other elements of the project and required several types of data in addition to LANDSAT multispectral digital data. The nonelectronic data base consisted of statistical data, printed reports, periodicals, ground observed data received from intensive test sites and operational segments, and full-frame multispectral scanner CIR photographs. The following data were collected for the test sites in the United States and Canada: land use inventories, periodic crop observations, solar radiometer measurements, rainfall, and wheat yield for selected fields.

Spiers, B. E.↗
NASA NTRS1981

The Michigan data needs questionnaire

The data needs questionnaire is an element in the project design study for the Michigan Resource Inventory Act and is aimed at gathering information on what inventory information is required by land use planners throughout the state. Analysis of questionnaire responses is discussed. Some information on current use categories was tabulated. The respondents selected a broad range of categories at all levels of detail. Those most frequently indicated were urban categories.

Hill-Rowley, R.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Inventory and analysis of rangeland resources of the state land block on Parker Mountain, Utah

High altitude color infrared (CIR) photography was interpreted to provide an 1:24,000 overlay to U.S.G.S. topographic maps. The inventory and analysis of rangeland resources was augmented by the digital analysis of LANDSAT MSS data. Available geology, soils, and precipitation maps were used to sort out areas of confusion on the CIR photography. The map overlay from photo interpretation was also prepared with reference to print maps developed from LANDSAT MSS data. The resulting map overlay has a high degree of interpretive and spatial accuracy. An unacceptable level of confusion between the several sagebrush types in the MSS mapping was largely corrected by introducing ancillary data. Boundaries from geology, soils, and precipitation maps, as well as field observations, were digitized and pixel classes were adjusted according to the location of pixels with particular spectral signatures with respect to such boundaries. The resulting map, with six major cover classes, has an overall accuracy of 89%. Overall accuracy was 74% when these six classes were expanded to 20 classes.

Jaynes, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Remote sensing advances in agricultural inventories

As the complexity of the world's agricultural industry increases, more timely and more accurate world-wide agricultural information is required to support production and marketing decisions, policy formulation, and technology development. The Inventory Technology Development Project of the AgRISTARS Program has developed new automated technology that uses data sets acquired by spaceborne remote sensors. Research has emphasized the development of multistage, multisensor sampling and estimation techniques for use in global environments where reliable ground observations are not available. This paper presents research results obtained from data sets acquired by four different sensors: Landsat MSS, Landsat TM, Shuttle-Imaging Radar and environmental satellite (AVHRR).

Dragg, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Testing of a controller for a hybrid capillary pumped loop thermal control system

A controller for a series hybrid capillary pumped loop (CPL) system that requires no moving parts does not resrict fluid flow has been tested and has demonstrated improved performance characteristics over a plain CPL system and simple hybrid CPL systems. These include heat load sharing, phase separation, self-regulated flow control and distribution, all independent of most system pressure drop. In addition, the controlled system demonstrated a greater heat transport capability than the simple CPL system but without the large fluid inventory requirement of the hybrid systems. A description of the testing is presented along with data that show the advantages of the system.

Schweickart, Russell↗
NASA NTRS1991

ISY Mission to Planet Earth Conference: A planning meeting for the International Space Year

A major theme was the opportunity offered by the International Space Year (ISY) to initiate a long-term program of Earth observation mission coordination and worldwide data standardization. The challenge is immense and extremely time critical. A recommendation was made to inventory the capabilities of Earth observing spacecraft scheduled during the next decade. The ISY effort to strengthen coordination and standardization should emphasize global issues, and also regional initiatives of particular relevance to developing nations. The concepts of a Global Information System Test (GIST) was accepted and applied to specific issues of immediate concern. The importance of ISY Earth observation initiatives extending beyond research to include immediate and direct applications for social and economic development was stressed. Several specific Mission to Planet Earth proposals were developed during the Conference. A mechanism was set up for coordinating participation of the national space agencies or equivalent bodies.

Meyerson, Harvey↗
NASA NTRS2000

BOREAS Level-3a Landsat TM Imagery: Scaled At-sensor Radiance in BSQ Format

For BOREAS, the level-3a Landsat TM data, along with the other remotely sensed images, were collected in order to provide spatially extensive information over the primary study areas. This information includes radiant energy, detailed land cover, and biophysical parameter maps such as FPAR and LAI. Although very similar in content to the level-3s Landsat TM products, the level-3a images were created to provide users with a more usable BSQ format and to provide information that permitted direct determination of per-pixel latitude and longitude coordinates. Geographically, the level-3a images cover the BOREAS NSA and SSA. Temporally, the images cover the period of 22-Jun-1984 to 30-Jul-1996. The images are available in binary, image-format files. With permission from CCRS and RSI, several of the full-resolution images are included on the BOREAS CD-ROM series. Due to copyright issues, the images not included on the CD-ROM may not be publicly available. See Sections 15 and 16 for information about how to acquire the data. Information about the images not on the CD-ROMs is provided in an inventory listing on the CD-ROMs.

Nickerson, Jaime↗
NASA NTRS2000

BOREAS Level-0 C-130 Aerial Photography

For BOReal Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS), C-130 and other aerial photography was collected to provide finely detailed and spatially extensive documentation of the condition of the primary study sites. The NASA C-130 Earth Resources aircraft can accommodate two mapping cameras during flight, each of which can be fitted with 6- or 12-inch focal-length lenses and black-and-white, natural-color, or color-IR film, depending upon requirements. Both cameras were often in operation simultaneously, although sometimes only the lower resolution camera was deployed. When both cameras were in operation, the higher resolution camera was often used in a more limited fashion. The acquired photography covers the period of April to September 1994. The aerial photography was delivered as rolls of large format (9 x 9 inch) color transparency prints, with imagery from multiple missions (hundreds of prints) often contained within a single roll. A total of 1533 frames were collected from the C-130 platform for BOREAS in 1994. Note that the level-0 C-130 transparencies are not contained on the BOREAS CD-ROM set. An inventory file is supplied on the CD-ROM to inform users of all the data that were collected. Some photographic prints were made from the transparencies. In addition, BORIS staff digitized a subset of the tranparencies and stored the images in JPEG format. The CD-ROM set contains a small subset of the collected aerial photography that were the digitally scanned and stored as JPEG files for most tower and auxiliary sites in the NSA and SSA. See Section 15 for information about how to acquire additional imagery.

Newcomer, Jeffrey A.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Using Remotely Sensed Observations of Ancient Mare Deposits on the Moon as Possible Analogs to the Intercrater Plains on Mercury

Two commonly held models for the formation of the mercurian intercrater plains are: a global volcanic resurfacing event or basin-ejecta material. Although Mariner 10 images have provided morphologic and limited compositional information of the intercrater plains, the origin of these materials remains ambiguous. We examine whether Mariner 10 image at 355 (UV (ultraviolet)) and 575 nm (orange) can be used to distinguish between these models. Here we use Clementine image data (415 and 750 nm) for ancient lunar mare deposits to evaluate this suggestion. The inventorying of 'hidden' volcanic deposits is important to mercurian studies because they provide evidence of ancient volcanism, which yields clues to the thermal evolution of the planet. The greater abundance of intercrater plains on Mercury, relative to the intercrater plains observed within the lunar highlands, suggests that the resurfacing was comparably more intense. Mercury may represent an intermediate member of planet resurfacing; with the extremes being the Moon (approximately 17% resurfacing) and Venus (global resurfacing). Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

Gillis, J. J.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Expedition to Siberia: A Firsthand Account

Nowhere on Earth is warming faster than the Arctic. In northern Siberia, average temperatures have risen 3-5 deg F over the past 30 years, whereas the worldwide average increase in that time is 1 deg F. Betweeen July 28 and August 12, 2007, a small international team of remote sensing and forest ecosystem scientists from NASA and Russia's Academy of Science set off on a three-week scientific expedition through the heart of the remote, wild forests of Siberia. They traveled southward down the Kochechum River observing the gradual transition from tundra to taiga, taking inventory of plant species along the way, and making ground-truth measurements to validate data being collected by several NASA satellites flying 700 kilometers overhead.

Ranson, Jon↗
NASA NTRS2015

Comparison of GFED3, QFED2 and FEER1 Biomass Burning Emissions Datasets in a Global Model

Biomass burning contributes about 40% of the global loading of carbonaceous aerosols, significantly affecting air quality and the climate system by modulating solar radiation and cloud properties. However, fire emissions are poorly constrained in models on global and regional levels. In this study, we investigate 3 global biomass burning emission datasets in NASA GEOS5, namely: (1) GFEDv3.1 (Global Fire Emissions Database version 3.1); (2) QFEDv2.4 (Quick Fire Emissions Dataset version 2.4); (3) FEERv1 (Fire Energetics and Emissions Research version 1.0). The simulated aerosol optical depth (AOD), absorption AOD (AAOD), angstrom exponent and surface concentrations of aerosol plumes dominated by fire emissions are evaluated and compared to MODIS, OMI, AERONET, and IMPROVE data over different regions. In general, the spatial patterns of biomass burning emissions from these inventories are similar, although the strength of the emissions can be noticeably different. The emissions estimates from QFED are generally larger than those of FEER, which are in turn larger than those of GFED. AOD simulated with all these 3 databases are lower than the corresponding observations in Southern Africa and South America, two of the major biomass burning regions in the world.

biomass burning↗
NASA NTRS2020

Simulating the Cascading Effects of an Extreme Agricultural Production Shock: Global Implications of a Contemporary US Dust Bowl Event

Higher temperatures expected by midcentury increase the risk of shocks to crop production, while the interconnected nature of the current global food system functions to spread the impact of localized production shocks throughout the world. In this study, we analyze the global potential impact of a present-day event of equivalent magnitude to the US Dust Bowl, modeling the ways in which a sudden decline in US wheat production could cascade through the global network of agricultural trade. We use observations of country-level production, reserves, and trade data in a Food Shock Cascade model to explore trade adjustments and country-level inventory changes in response to a major, multiyear production decline. We find that a 4-year decline in wheat production of the same proportional magnitude as occurred during the Dust Bowl greatly reduces both wheat supply and reserves in the United States and propagates through the global trade network. By year 4 of the event, US wheat exports fall from 90.5 trillion kcal before the drought to 48 trillion to 52 trillion kcal, and the United States exhausts 94% of its reserves. As a result of reduced US exports, other countries meet their needs by leveraging their own reserves, leading to a 31% decline in wheat reserves globally. These findings demonstrate that an extreme production decline would lead to substantial supply shortfalls in both the United States and in other countries, where impacts outside the United States strongly depend on a country's reserves and on its relative position in the global trade network.

Heslin, Alison↗
NASA NTRS2024

Optimizing Sample Collection and Accessibility through the Biospecimen and Tissue Sharing Collection (BTSC) Program

The Space Radiation Element (SRE) of the Human Research Program (HRP) is dedicated to establishing a robust biospecimen and tissue sharing collection (BTSC) program that enhances sample collection, tracking, access, distribution, and usability, with the goal of maximizing scientific return. By leveraging biospecimens and tissues from previous experiments, HRP effectively achieves its scientific objectives in characterizing and mitigating the human health impacts of spaceflight while optimizing resource utilization. To further improve the usability and accessibility of the current biospecimen archive, the project aims to expand upon NASA's existing resources and institutional knowledge, ensuring ongoing modernization. To facilitate seamless navigation of the program's workflow, an educational series on the BTSC program is provided to Principal Investigators (PIs). This comprehensive series equips PIs with crucial information on submitting their inventory via the BTSC Metadata Intake Form, ultimately leading to the public availability of their data on NASA's Life Science Portal (NLSP). Covering various aspects such as metadata submission instructions and backend processes for transferring metadata to the Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS), the series incorporates guidance from NASA's Biological Institutional Scientific Collection (NBISC) and Ames Life Sciences Data Archive (ALSDA). The BTSC program represents a significant stride towards enhancing the usability and accessibility of biospecimens for space research. By enabling NASA to deepen its understanding of the health implications of long-term spaceflight, this initiative plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety and well-being of astronauts.

Shelita Renee Augustus↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Murine Host-gut Microbiota Interactions are Modulated During Spaceflight

The rodent habitat on the International Space Station has provided critical insight into the impact of spaceflight on mammalian physiology. These effects include dysfunction of carbohydrate, steroid and lipid metabolism, and immune response, as well as induction of symptoms characteristic of liver disease, insulin resistance, osteopenia and myopathy, which are anticipated to intensify over long-duration spaceflight. Although these physiological responses can involve the microbiome, the host-microorganism interactions during spaceflight are still largely unknown. NASA GeneLab curates a wide range of space research data and the current work harnesses GeneLab multi’omic data from recent Rodent Research studies to explore changes to gut microbiota during spaceflight and their associations with host physiology when compared to ground controls. Using a hybrid analysis of DNA barcoding and whole genome shotgun data, an array of bacteria, fungi and nematodes could be identified at species level, and significant differences in relative abundances associated with spaceflight. Functional prediction based on differential abundance of species and metagenome gene inventories as well as metatranscriptomic gene expression at the host-gut microbiome interface implicate microbiota interactions could contribute to spaceflight pathology. Harnessing carefully curated publicly available data, such as from Genelab, to generate multi‘omic space science discoveries can help decipher the complex host-microbiome interactions that influence both health on Earth and the feasibility of long-duration spaceflight.

Microbiome↗