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At least 811 records · Page 45
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DOE OSTI2025

Latest Results from the ICARUS experiment at the Short-Baseline Neutrino Program

The ICARUS Collaboration is now entering its fifth year of continuing operations of the 760-ton liquid argon T600 detector. The T600 was overhauled at CERN after operations at the LNGS underground laboratory in Italy and moved to its present location at FNAL - as part of the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program - where it successfully completed its commissioning phase in June 2022. At FNAL ICARUS collects neutrino interactions from both the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) and off-axis from the Main Injector Neutrino beam (NuMI). Within the SBN program ICARUS will search for evidence of short-baseline oscillations, potentially explained by eV-scale sterile neutrinos, jointly with the Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND). In addition, ICARUS is performing stand-along oscillation searches in disappearance mode and measuring neutrino cross sections on argon with both the BNB and NuMI beams. It is also performing searches for additional Beyond the Standard Model signatures. Preliminary results from the ICARUS experiment, using data from the BNB and NuMI neutrino beams, will be presented.

Farnese, Christian [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Tolerance Studies for the IMCC Rectilinear 6D Ionization Cooling Channel

As one of the main proposed future colliders that will enable us to reach energy scales capable of probing Beyond the Standard Model phenomena, muon colliders present unique challenges. To reach the desired luminosity, namely 1, 10, and 20 ab-1 for 3, 10, and 14 TeV, respectively, the six-dimensional emittance of the muon beam needs to be reduced significantly in a process described as muon cooling. The currently proposed system for muon cooling by the International Muon Collider Collaboration involves 6D initial cooling post-muon charge separation through rectilinear channels (A) before and rectilinear channels (B) after muon bunch merge, as well as a final 4D transverse cooling. This work focuses on the former stage of cooling with B rectilinear channels. First, we will compare its cooling performance against the rectilinear channel studied by the Muon Accelerator Program. Then, we do tolerance studies on all B stages, focusing on properties of the Radiofrequency (RF) cavities used in the channels and how they affect 6D emittance and transmission. We will evaluate the impact of these modifications on the overall performance of the rectilinear 6D cooling channel.

Karaaslan, Inci [Chicago U., EFI] (ORCID:000000033↗
DOE OSTI2025

Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Precision Era

Current and future accelerator-based neutrino facilities, leveraging intense neutrino beams and advanced detectors, aim to precisely determine neutrino properties and probe signals of weakly interacting beyond the Standard Model physics. Achieving discovery-level precision and fully exploring the physics potential of these experiments critically depends on the accuracy of our understanding of fundamental underlying neutrino-nucleus interaction processes. This talk will focus on neutrino interactions spanning energies from tens of MeV to a few GeV—a complex, multi-scale and multi-process domain spanning from low-energy nuclear physics to perturbative QCD, with no unified underlying framework currently known. In this seminar, I will provide an overview of the field, discuss recent advancements, and share examples of ongoing cross-community efforts addressing these challenges.

Pandey, Vishvas [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Status and Prospects of SBND

The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the neutrino detectors positioned along the the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab. It is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program, as well as having a wide-ranging independent physics program. The detector began taking neutrino data in the summer of 2024 and has already collected over 1 million neutrino events. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the SBN near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterisation of the unoscillated event rate and constraining BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.

Paton, Josephine [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Intelligent Triggers for Rare Event Detection in Liquid Argon Detectors

Next-generation neutrino experiments like SBND and DUNE rely on Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers (LArTPCs), which produce exceptionally detailed data at high volume. Capturing rare or unexpected events in real-time is a major challenge. Our project explores the use of machine learning, specifically autoencoder-based anomaly detection, to identify unusual activity directly from raw detector signals. Inspired by successes at the CMS experiment, we demonstrate that such methods can be adapted to LArTPCs and show promising results in both simulated studies and early steps toward real-time hardware deployment. This approach could open new avenues for detecting signals from physics beyond the Standard Model.

Chung, Seokju [Columbia U. (main)]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Investigating solutions to the strong CP problem (Final Technical Report)

The weak interaction violates a symmetry between particles and anti-particles that is called a CP symmetry. This violation is expected to induce CP violation in the strong interaction by a large amount. However, observations show that the CP violation in the strong interaction is smaller than expected by more than ten orders of magnitude. This discrepancy is called the strong CP problem, and solving it has been one of the motivations for constructing a theory beyond the Standard Model (SM). In this research program, the PI investigated possible signals of solutions to the strong CP problem. The signals were predicted for a variety of experiments and observations. These predictions bridge different subfields of particle physics, cosmology, and astrophysics that are otherwise disconnected. As a byproduct, the PI also applied the techniques developed in this study to theories with axion-like particles to reveal signals of axion-like particles.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Toward SBND's First Cross Section Measurements

The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector completed commissioning and began taking neutrino data in the summer of 2024. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and recorded over two million neutrino interactions during its first physics run, which concluded in July 2025. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND is carrying out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In addition, SBND will provide valuable model constraints for DUNE by leveraging the significant overlap in phase space between neutrino interactions in the two experiments. In this talk, I will present the current efforts within the SBND cross section program, discuss their status, and outline the plans for the first physics publications.

Oh, Sungbin [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Precision Era

Current and future accelerator-based neutrino facilities, leveraging intense neutrino beams and advanced detectors, aim to precisely determine neutrino properties and probe signals of weakly interacting beyond the Standard Model physics. Achieving discovery-level precision and fully exploring the physics potential of these experiments critically depends on the accuracy of our understanding of fundamental underlying neutrino-nucleus interaction processes. This talk will focus on neutrino interactions spanning energies from tens of MeV to a few GeV a complex, multi-scale and multi-process domain spanning from low-energy nuclear physics to perturbative QCD, with no unified underlying framework currently known. In this talk, I will provide an overview of the field, discuss recent advancements, and share examples of ongoing cross-community efforts addressing these challenges.

Pandey, Vishvas [Fermilab] (ORCID:0000000230827987↗
DOE OSTI2025

Latest Results from the ICARUS Experiment at the SBN Program

The ICARUS Collaboration is now entering its fifth year of continuing operations of the 760-ton liquid argon T600 detector. The T600 was overhauled at CERN after operations at the LNGS underground laboratory in Italy and moved to its present location at FNAL - as part of the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) program - where it successfully completed its commissioning phase in June 2022. At FNAL ICARUS collects neutrino interactions from both the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) and off-axis from the Main Injector Neutrino beam (NuMI). To date, ICARUS has accumulated approximately $7.5\cdot 10^20$ protons on target (POT) with the BNB and about $6.2\cdot 10^20$ POT with NuMI. Within the SBN program ICARUS will search for evidence of short-baseline oscillations, potentially explained by eV-scale sterile neutrinos, jointly with the Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND). In addition, ICARUS is performing stand-along oscillation searches in disappearance mode and measuring neutrino cross sections on argon with both the BNB and NuMI beams. It is also performing searches for additional Beyond the Standard Model signatures. Preliminary results from the ICARUS experiment, using data from the BNB and NuMI neutrino beams, will be presented.

Ricci, Alessandro Maria [U. Pisa (main); INFN, Pis↗
DOE OSTI2025

Study of the Neutrino Magnetic Moment with the NOvA Near Detector

The NuMI Off-Axis νe Appearance (NOvA) Experiment is a long baseline neutrino experiment consisting of two detectors, a Near Detector (ND) at Fermilab in Batavia, IL, and a Far Detector (FD) in Ash River, MN. The ND observes the unoscillated neutrino beam while the FD is able to observe neutrinos which have oscillated. Because the ND does not observe oscillated neutrinos, it works in tandem with the FD to provide control measurements. However, the ND has independent physics goals, such as observing processes which lead to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). One such process is the existence of a neutrino magnetic moment. At leading order, neutrinos do not interact electromagnetically, but, by considering higher order perturbative effects, it becomes possible for neutrinos to have an effective coupling with a photon and a non-zero neutrino magnetic moment emerges. Measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment can aid in the process of determining if neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana fermions, as well as provide insights into BSM physics. In this talk, we discuss the NOvA ND’s capabilities for making a direct measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment.

Choate, Sarah [Iowa U.]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Study of the Neutrino Magnetic Moment with the NOvA Near Detector

The NuMI Off-Axis νe Appearance (NOvA) Experiment is a long baseline neutrino experiment consisting of two detectors, a Near Detector (ND) at Fermilab in Batavia, IL, and a Far Detector (FD) in Ash River, MN. The ND observes the unoscillated neutrino beam while the FD is able to observe neutrinos which have oscillated. Because the ND does not observe oscillated neutrinos, it works in tandem with the FD to provide control measurements. However, the ND has independent physics goals, such as observing processes which lead to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). One such process is the existence of a neutrino magnetic moment. At leading order, neutrinos do not interact electromagnetically, but, by considering higher order perturbative effects, it becomes possible for neutrinos to have an effective coupling with a photon and a non-zero neutrino magnetic moment emerges. Measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment can aid in the process of determining if neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana fermions, as well as provide insights into BSM physics. For this poster, we present the NOvA ND's capabilities for making a direct measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment as well as the work currently being done to accomplish this.

Choate, Sarah [Iowa U.]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Beam Non-Uniformity Characterization at the SpinQuest and DarkQuest Experiments

The SpinQuest experiment, including upgrades to SpinQuest designed to increase sensitivity to dark sector searches (commonly known as DarkQuest), utilizes the high-intensity 120 GeV proton beam delivered by the Fermilab Accelerator Complex to probe the inner structure of nucleons and search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The SpinQuest beam is extracted from the Main Injector synchrotron at Fermilab in what is known as a slow spill . The slow spill involves a complex non-linear half-integer extraction method, which results in non-uniform beam behavior. SpinQuest observes spikes of very high intensity beam which can saturate detectors and reduce trigger efficiency, significantly impacting the experiment's sensitivity. In this project we address this challenge by developing an analysis framework to characterize the beam delivered to SpinQuest. By discovering trends within each spill and by comparing thousands of spills, we can better inform the Accelerator Division and improve the slow spill extraction. We have also begun a collaboration with the Accelerator Division in order to simulate the slow spill and improve the magnet ramp process controls which will improve the uniformity of the beam. These improvements will directly enhance the physics reach of SpinQuest/DarkQuest, increasing their sensitivity to key measurements such as the Sivers function and searches for new physics.

Dolen, James William [Purdue U., Calumet] (ORCID:0↗
DOE OSTI2025

Searching for Short-Lived Particles Using the FASER Neutrino Detector

Short-lived particles such as $\tau$ leptons and charm hadrons produced from high-energy neutrino interactions can provide key insights into the Standard Model and beyond. In this study, initial results of the performance of dedicated search tools developed for FASERν are presented. For charged charm searches, all daughter tracks are identified for ~3/4 of the events. Advanced yet reliable machine learning tools are used for D0 detection. For $\tau$ searches, a signal / background ratio of 3.8 is achieved. These results are a major step towards discovering the first charm hadrons and $\tau$ leptons produced from collider neutrinos.

Thor, Simon [CERN] (ORCID:000000029183526X)↗
DOE OSTI2025

ACHILLES-GENIE Interface for Neutrino Simulations, ADRIANO2 Tile Prototype for High-Granularity Dual-Readout Calorimetry

ICARUS (Imaging Cosmic And Rare Underground Signals) is a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) detector that pursues the sterile neutrino, which relies on accurate simulations of neutrino-argon interactions. REDTOP (Rare Eta Decays To Observe new Physics) is a proposed low-energy, high-intensity meson factory designed to explore rare $\eta$/$\eta'$ meson decays and probe physics beyond the Standard Model. As a next-generation experiment, this requires both accurate simulations and innovative detector technologies. This project contributes to both ICARUS, from a simulation perspective, and REDTOP, from both a simulation and detection perspective, through the event generation of lepton-nucleon interactions and the physical enhancement of the calorimeter technology within the REDTOP detector. We developed an interface between ACHILLES (A CHIcago Land Lepton Event Simulator), a theory-driven lepton-level event generator, and GENIE, a robust event generator framework used for neutrino physics. By incorporating the precise theoretical cross-section calculations of ACHILLES into the experimental realism of GENIE, the interface allows for improved accuracy of neutrino-nucleon simulations, which can be adapted for the proton beam specifications of the REDTOP meson factory as well as for the ICARUS experiment. In parallel, we developed an improved prototype for the ADRIANO2 (A Dual Readout Integrally Active Non-segmented Option) dual-readout calorimeter tiles for the REDTOP detector. To improve the efficiency of the lead-glass tiles trapping Cherenkov light for energy reconstruction and particle identification, we optimized the application of a highly reflective coating. Through viscosity and thickness control, masking, and a custom spray technique, we refined the coating process to reduce surface defects and improve light yield. Together, these efforts strengthen the ICARUS neutrino program and REDTOP's capability of detecting rare decay events.

Visser, Erin [Michigan State U.]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Searches for BSM physics using challenging and long-lived signatures with the ATLAS detector

Various theories beyond the Standard Model predict new, long-lived particles with unique signatures which are difficult to reconstruct and for which estimating the background rates is also a challenge. Signatures from displaced and/or delayed decays anywhere from the inner detector to the muon spectrometer, as well as those of new particles with fractional or multiple values of the charge of the electron or high mass stable charged particles are all examples of experimentally demanding signatures. The talk will focus on the most recent results using 13 TeV and 13.6TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector.

Bruce, Laura [Harvard University]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Status of the Short-Baseline Near Detector at Fermilab

The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector has completed Run 1, successfully recording approximately 3 million neutrino interactions, and started Run 2 in the autumn of 2025. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and will record around 3 million neutrino interactions per year. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining the BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.

Del Tutto, Marco [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Status of the Short-Baseline Near Detector at Fermilab

The Short-Baseline Near Detector (SBND) is one of the Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) neutrino detectors positioned along the axis of the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab, and is the near detector in the Short-Baseline Neutrino (SBN) Program. The detector has completed Run 1, successfully recording approximately 3 million neutrino interactions, and started Run 2 in the autumn of 2025. SBND is characterized by superb imaging capabilities and will record around 3 million neutrino interactions per year. Thanks to its unique combination of measurement resolution and statistics, SBND will soon carry out a rich program of neutrino interaction measurements and novel searches for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). As the near detector, it will enable the full potential of the SBN sterile neutrino program by performing a precise characterization of the unoscillated event rate and constraining the BNB flux and neutrino-argon cross-section systematic uncertainties. In this talk, the physics reach, current status, and future prospects of SBND are discussed.

Del Tutto, Marco [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2026

SoLID Program at JLab

An overview of the Solenoidal Large Intensity Device (SoLID) and its scientific program will be given in this talk. SoLID is a spectrometer/detector system proposed to exploit the full potential of the Jefferson Lab (JLab) 12 GeV energy upgrade. SoLID will push the limit of luminosity frontier in hadronic physics with its unique capability to handle very high rates with large acceptance under high luminosity (1037-39/cm2/s). A rich and vibrant scientific program has been developed for SoLID, including but not limited to the precision study of the 3d nucleon structure in both momentum space using Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (SIDIS) and coordinate space using Deep Virtual Exclusive Reactions (DVER), probing physics beyond the Standard Model with Parity Violating Deep Inelastic Scattering (PVDIS), and investigating the gluonic field contribution to the proton structure and proton mass via J/¿ threshold production. The SoLID collaboration has developed a robust, low risk and flexible conceptual design, with a base line design capable of accomplishing its scientific goals and flexibility to adopt the cutting-edge technology. Detector subsystems have been tested with prototypes in realistic high luminosity conditions and are demonstrated to function well under extremely challenging environment to satisfy the requirements of planned experiments.

Chen, Jian-Ping [Thomas Jefferson National Acceler↗