Role of the scanning electron microscope in the study of solid propellant combustion. II - Behavior of metal additives
Metal particles additives behavior in solid rocket propellant combustion, using scanning electron microscope
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Metal particles additives behavior in solid rocket propellant combustion, using scanning electron microscope
Bi polycrystalline film grown by vacuum deposition on amorphous substrates investigated for electron microscope beam effects
Electron microscope-thin film microprobe techniques in biomaterial studies of chemical segregation, species diffusion and small particle analysis
Thickness measurement for thin films in inaccessible locations using scanning electron microscope, comparing accuracy with interferometric techniques
Senescent Drosophila melanogaster flight muscle electron microscopic examination showing mitochondria in stages of degeneration
Study of defect structures with field ion microscope
Measuring intermittent enhancement of blinking effect upon addition of neon to imaging gas in helium-tungsten field-ion microscope
Scanning electron microscope used to determine surface morphology of TD-NiCr oxidized at 800 to 1200 deg for up to 64 hours
Electron microscope, electron diffraction, and electron microprobe analysis of defective solid state weldment on liquid hydrogen tank from Apollo 12 fuel cell system
Solar wind microscopic structure, examining interplanetary wave-particle interactions
Chemical reaction rate microscopic reversibility, observing rotational vibrational and/or translational states dependence of products reactants
High resolution phase contrast microscope adaptation for gastight glove box use with stage and focusing knobs in box for Apollo sample microbiological examination
An ion microprobe and a laser microprobe were used to measure concentrations of corrosion-produced hydrogen on a microscopic scale. Hydrogen concentrations of several thousand ppm were measured by both analytical techniques below the fracture surfaces of hot-salt stress-corroded titanium alloy specimens. This segregation of hydrogen below fracture surfaces supports a previously proposed theory that corrosion-produced hydrogen is responsible for hot-salt stress-corrosion embrittlement and cracking of titanium alloys. These advanced analytical techniques suggest great potential for many areas of stress-corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement research, quality control, and field inspection applications.
Two screws and two washers, several small chips of tubing, and a fiber removed from a third screw were examined with the scanning electron microscope and the electron microprobe. The purpose of the examination was to determine the nature of the material on the surface of these samples and to search for the presence of meteoritic material.
The blinking effect, or the intermittent enhancement of ion emission, which is observed when a few parts per million neon are added to the imaging gas in a helium-tungsten field-ion microscope, has been investigated. Measurements of the characteristic quantities involved - i.e., blinking rate, voltage limits, etc. - and their variation with temperature, field, and gas pressure, are described.
Use of an ion microprobe and a laser microprobe to measure concentrations of corrosion-produced hydrogen on a microscopic scale. Hydrogen concentrations of several thousand ppm were measured by both analytical techniques below corroded and fracture surfaces of hot salt stress corroded titanium alloy specimens. This extremely high concentration compares with only about 100 ppm hydrogen determined by standard vacuum fusion chemical analyses of bulk samples. Both the ion and laser microprobes were used to measure hydrogen concentration profiles in stepped intervals to substantial depths below the original corroded and fracture surfaces. For the ion microprobe, the area of local analysis was 22 microns in diameter and for the laser microprobe, the area of local analysis was about 300 microns in diameter. The segregation of hydrogen below fracture surfaces supports a previously proposed theory that corrosion-produced hydrogen is responsible for hot salt stress corrosion embrittlement and cracking of titanium alloys. These advanced analytical techniques suggest great potential for many areas of stress corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement research, quality control, and field inspection of corrosion problems. For example, it appears possible that a contour map of hydrogen distribution at notch roots and crack tips could be quantitatively determined. Such information would be useful in substantiating current theories of stress corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement.
Discussion of a profiling technique using a scanning electron microscope for obtaining depth information on a single micrograph of a small specimen. A stationary electron beam is used to form a series of contamination spots in a line across the specimen. Micrographs obtained by this technique are useful as a means of projection and display where stereo viewers are not practical.
Bragg-reflex images of small individual crystallites in the size range of 20-100 A diameter with known crystallographic orientation were used in a transmission electron microscope to determine in-situ: (a) the relationship between objective lens current (or accelerating voltage) changes in discrete steps and corresponding defocus, (b) the spherical aberration coefficient, and (c) the axial chromatic aberration coefficient of the objective lens. The accuracy of the described method is better than 5%. The same specimen can advantageously be used to properly aline the illuminating beam with respect to the optical axis.