SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “Display Devices”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 811 records · Page 45

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI2016

The Last Big Bang

As one of the very few people in the world to give the “go/no go” decision to detonate a nuclear device, Austin “Mac” McGuire holds a very special place in the history of both the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the world. As Commander of Joint Task Force Unit 8.1.1, on Christmas Island in the spring and summer of 1962, Mac directed the Los Alamos data collection efforts for twelve of the last atmospheric nuclear detonations conducted by the United States. Since data collection was at the heart of nuclear weapon testing, it fell to Mac to make the ultimate decision to detonate each test device. He calls his experience THE LAST BIG BANG, since these tests, part of Operation Dominic, were characterized by the dramatic displays of the heat, light, and sounds unique to atmospheric nuclear detonations – never, perhaps, to be witnessed again.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗

NASA NTRS1974

Flight management - Pilot procedures and system interfaces for the 1980-1990's

In the air transportation system of the 1980-1990's, aircraft must perform with greater precision in time and position than is possible today. Rapid development in electronics technology makes renovation in airborne-system concepts feasible. The Ames Research Center is conducting research on pilot procedures and pilot-system interfaces for such systems. Research on various pilot-system interface devices and manned simulations was conducted to study rules of distributed decision making authority among pilots and controllers with various airborne display concepts, and a pilot-oriented command logic for the control of avionic systems was studied. Results are summarized, and ongoing work and future research plans described.

Wempe, T. E.↗

NASA NTRS1991

Temperature coefficients and radiation induced DLTS spectra of MOCVD grown n(+)p InP solar cells

The effects of temperature and radiation on n(+)p InP solar cells and mesa diodes grown by metallorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) were studied. It was shown that MOCVD is capable of consistently producing good quality InP solar cells with Eff greater than 19 percent which display excellent radiation resistance due to minority carrier injection and thermal annealing. It was also shown that universal predictions of InP device performance based on measurements of a small group of test samples can be expected to be quite accurate, and that the degradation of an InP device due to any incident particle spectrum should be predictable from a measurement following a single low energy proton irradiation.

Walters, Robert J.↗

NASA NTRS1989

Monitoring dynamic loads on wind tunnel force balances

Two devices have been developed at NASA Langley to monitor the dynamic loads incurred during wind-tunnel testing. The Balance Dynamic Display Unit (BDDU), displays and monitors the combined static and dynamic forces and moments in the orthogonal axes. The Balance Critical Point Analyzer scales and sums each normalized signal from the BDDU to obtain combined dynamic and static signals that represent the dynamic loads at predefined high-stress points. The display of each instrument is a multiplex of six analog signals in a way that each channel is displayed sequentially as one-sixth of the horizontal axis on a single oscilloscope trace. Thus this display format permits the operator to quickly and easily monitor the combined static and dynamic level of up to six channels at the same time.

Ferris, Alice T.↗

NASA NTRS1995

Summary Report of Mission Acceleration Measurements for STS-65, Launched 8 July 1994

The second flight of the International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-2) payload on board the STS-65 mission was supported by three accelerometer instruments: The Orbital Acceleration Research Experiment (OARE) located close to the orbiter center of mass; the Quasi-Steady Acceleration Measurement experiment, and the Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS), both in the Spacelab module. A fourth accelerometer, the Microgravity Measuring Device recorded data in the middeck in support of exercise isolation tests.Data collected by OARE and SAMS during IML-2 are displayed in this report. The OARE data represent the microgravity environment below 1 Hz. The SAMS data represent the environment in the 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz range. Variations in the environment caused by unique activities are presented. Specific events addressed are: crew activity, crew exercise, experiment component mixing activities, experiment centrifuge operations, refrigerator/freezer operations and circulation pump operations. The analyses included in this report complement analyses presented in other mission summary reports.

Rogers, Melissa J. B.↗

DOE OSTI2013

Bringing Control System User Interfaces to the Web

With the evolution of web based technologies, especially HTML5 [1], it becomes possible to create web-based control system user interfaces (UI) that are cross-browser and cross-device compatible. This article describes two technologies that facilitate this goal. The first one is the WebOPI [2], which can seamlessly display CSS BOY [3] Operator Interfaces (OPI) in web browsers without modification to the original OPI file. The WebOPI leverages the powerful graphical editing capabilities of BOY and provides the convenience of re-using existing OPI files. On the other hand, it uses generic JavaScript and a generic communication mechanism between the web browser and web server. It is not optimized for a control system, which results in unnecessary network traffic and resource usage. Our second technology is the WebSocket-based Process Data Access (WebPDA) [4]. It is a protocol that provides efficient control system data communication using WebSocket [5], so that users can create web-based control system UIs using standard web page technologies such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript. WebPDA is control system independent, potentially supporting any type of control system.

Chen, Xihui↗

DOE OSTI2015

Solution Phase Exciton Diffusion Dynamics of a Charge-Transfer Copolymer PTB7 and a Homopolymer P3HT

Using ultrafast polarization-controlled transient absorption (TA) measurements, dynamics of the initial exciton states were investigated on the time scale of tens of femtoseconds to about 80 ps in two different types of conjugated polymers extensively used in active layers of organic photovoltaic devices. These polymers are poly(3-fluorothienothiophenebenzodithiophene) (PTB7) and poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), which are charge-transfer polymers and homopolymers, respectively. In PTB7, the initial excitons with excess vibrational energy display two observable ultrafast time constants, corresponding to coherent exciton diffusion before the vibrational relaxation, and followed by incoherent exciton diffusion processes to a neighboring local state after the vibrational relaxation. In contrast, P3HT shows only one exciton diffusion or conformational motion time constant of 34 ps, even though its exciton decay kinetics are multiexponential. Based on the experimental results, an exciton dynamics mechanism is conceived taking into account the excitation energy and structural dependence in coherent and incoherent exciton diffusion processes, as well as other possible deactivation processes including the formation of the pseudo-charge-transfer and charge separate states, as well as interchain exciton hopping or coherent diffusion.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2016

SU-D-209-01: Can Fluoroscopic Air-Kerma Rates Be Reliably Measured with Solid-State Meters?

Purpose: Ionization chambers remain the standard for calibration of air-kerma rate measuring devices. Despite their strong energy-dependent response, solid state radiation detectors are increasingly used, primarily due to their efficiency in making standardized measurements. To test the reliability of these devices in measuring air-kerma rates, we compared ion chambers measurements with solid-state measurements for various mobile fluoroscopes operated at different beam qualities and air-kerma rates. Methods: Six mobile fluoroscopes (GE OEC models 9800 and 9900) were used to generate test beams. Using various field sizes and dose rate controls, copper attenuators and a lead attenuator were placed at the image receptor in varying combinations to generate a range of air-kerma rates. Air-kerma rates at 30 centimeters from the image receptors were measured using two 6-cm{sup 3} ion chambers with electrometers (Radcal, models 1015 and 9015) and two with solid state detectors (Unfors Xi and Raysafe X2). No error messages occurred during measurements. However, about two months later, one solid-state device stopped working and was replaced by the manufacturer. Two out of six mobile fluoroscopic units were retested with the replacement unit. Results: Generally, solid state and ionization chambers agreed favorably well, with two exceptions. Before replacement of the detector, the Xi meter when set in the “RF High” mode deviated from ion chamber readings by factors of 2 and 10 with no message indicating error in measurement. When set in the “RF Low” mode, readings were within −4% to +3%. The replacement Xi detector displayed messages alerting the user when settings were not compatible with air-kerma rates. Conclusion: Air-kerma rates can be measured favorably well using solid-state devices, but users must be aware of the possibility that readings can be grossly in error with no discernible indication for the deviation.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2018

Metal–Organic Framework-Derived CoWP@C Composite Nanowire Electrocatalyst for Efficient Water Splitting

Practical application of electrochemical water splitting demands durable, efficient, and non-noble metal catalysts for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report a new hydrogen evolution nanowire electrocatalyst, consisting of S-doped CoWP nanoparticles embedded in S- and N-doped carbon matrix (S-CoWP@(S,N)-C), which is in situ transformed from Hofmann-type (Co, W)-based metal–organic framework (MOF) nanowires. Because of S and N doping to the carbon matrix and the S doping to CoWP nanoparticles, the obtained S-CoWP@(S,N)-C catalyst reaches a current density of -10 mA cm –2 at -35 and -67 mV (vs RHE) in acidic and alkaline electrolytes, respectively. Powered by a lead halide perovskite solar cell, an unassisted two-electrode solar water-splitting device using MOF-derived S-CoWP@(S,N)-C HER electrocatalysts and S-CoW@(S,N)-C OER electrocatalysts displays a solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 10.98%. Our method is highly applicable for developing robust electrocatalysts toward efficient and low-cost solar-driven water splitting.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

DOE OSTI2025

Size and Structural Control of Mechanoluminescent ZnS:Mn 2+ Nanocrystals for Optogenetic Neuromodulation

Mechanoluminescent materials hold immense potential for various transformative applications, from medical imaging and diagnostics to health monitoring and wearable displays. Conventionally produced as bulk powders or microparticles, they face significant size limitations for advanced applications, particularly in biological systems and microscale devices. Here, this work presents an approach to ZnS:Mn 2+ nanocrystal synthesis that involves self-assembly and subsequent calcination. In addition to effective size control within the nanoscale, this approach promotes the formation of abundant stacking faults, significantly enhancing piezoelectric and mechanoluminescent properties by increasing trap density and reducing trap depth. Unlike mechanoluminescent materials produced using conventional methods, these nanocrystals demonstrate strong mechanoluminescence without requiring UV pre-excitation, and the light emission persists even after mechanical stress is removed. These advantageous properties make them promising candidates for optogenetic neuromodulation, as they can effectively trigger electrical signals in neurons upon ultrasound stimulation both with and without UV pre-excitation. The persistent mechanoluminescence prolongs the duration of neuronal electrical activity, providing an extended temporal window for neuromodulation compared to conventional mechanoluminescent materials. This study provides a scalable method for producing efficient mechanoluminescent nanoparticles and reveals the crucial role of particle size and defect structures in determining their mechanoluminescent behavior.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

DOE OSTI2018

Revealing the Effects of Electrode Crystallographic Orientation on Battery Electrochemistry via the Anisotropic Lithiation and Sodiation of ReS 2

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2013

Numerical and laboratory simulations of auroral acceleration

The existence of parallel electric fields is an essential ingredient of auroral physics, leading to the acceleration of particles that give rise to the auroral displays. An auroral flux tube is modelled using electrostatic Vlasov simulations, and the results are compared to simulations of a proposed laboratory device that is meant for studies of the plasma physical processes that occur on auroral field lines. The hot magnetospheric plasma is represented by a gas discharge plasma source in the laboratory device, and the cold plasma mimicking the ionospheric plasma is generated by a Q-machine source. In both systems, double layers form with plasma density gradients concentrated on their high potential sides. The systems differ regarding the properties of ion acoustic waves that are heavily damped in the magnetosphere, where the ion population is hot, but weakly damped in the laboratory, where the discharge ions are cold. Ion waves are excited by the ion beam that is created by acceleration in the double layer in both systems. The efficiency of this beam-plasma interaction depends on the acceleration voltage. For voltages where the interaction is less efficient, the laboratory experiment is more space-like.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2014

SU-E-J-162: Quality Assurance Procedures for MR Guided Focused Ultrasound Treatment of Bone Metastasis

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to develop and verify our quality assurance (QA) procedures to ensure the safety and efficacy of MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment of bone metastases. Methods: A practical QA program was developed. Monthly and daily QA (DQA) procedures were performed. The major QA items included the checks of the machine hardware, software and patient safety features. Briefly, these checks/tests include: 1) the cooling system reservoir and treatment table; 2) power to the treatment table; 3) the MR coil; 4) the transducer position with MRI; 5) image display on the treatment work station; 6) the effective focal spot in 3 directions using MR thermometry; and 7) all the safety devices including a sonication lamp, and the emergency stop-sonication switches. In order to avoid patient skin burn, it is important to remove gas bubbles in the interfaces between the treatment table and the gel pad, and the gel pad and patients skin during the patient setup. Our QA procedures have been verified and evaluated through patient treatments. Seven patients with scapula, humeral head, sacrum, ilium, pubic ramus and acetabular bone metastases were treated using MRgFUS. Results: Our study showed that all seven patients tolerated the MRgFUS treatment well. No skin toxicity or other complications were observed. The pain score (0–10) using the visual analog scale (VAS) was significantly reduced from 8.0 ± 1.1 before treatment to 4.7 ± 3.0, 3.0 ± 1.5, 3.2 ± 2.8 and 3.4 ± 1.5 at one day, one month, two months and three months after the MRgFUS treatment, respectively. Conclusion: We demonstrated that with the appropriate QA procedures, MRgFUS is a safe, effective and noninvasive treatment modality for palliation of bone metastases.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗

NASA NTRS1972

Optimal read/write memory system components

Two holographic data storage and display systems, voltage gradient ionization system, and linear strain manipulation system are discussed in terms of creating fast, high bit density, storage device. Components described include: novel mounting fixture for photoplastic arrays; corona discharge device; and block data composer.

Kozma, A.↗

NASA NTRS1975

Displays, memories, and signal processing: A compilation

Articles on electronics systems and techniques were presented. The first section is on displays and other electro-optical systems; the second section is devoted to signal processing. The third section presented several new memory devices for digital equipment, including articles on holographic memories. The latest patent information available is also given.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS1988

Toolmaker's Microscope With Video Monitor

Display accessories increase resolution and flexibility of use. Toolmaker's microscope equipped with video monitor, auxiliary lighting, and high-resolution readout devices enables noncontacting measurements of tiny slots, indentations, and similar features on parts. Measures places difficult or impossible to reach by mechanical means.

Ahmed, Arif S.↗

NASA NTRS1988

An evaluation of interactive displays for trajectory planning and proximity operations

Rendezvous, docking, and other Space Station proximity operations will be routine in nature in years to come. However, the specific parameters describing each maneuver, such as initial range and position, will vary from mission to mission so a means for depicting and interacting with graphic representations of proposed mission plans is necessary. Orbital operations are inherently non-intuitive due to non-linearities in the equations of motion of orbiting vehicles. Consequently, relative motion between two spacecraft cannot always be easily visualized. For these reasons, real time interactive visual aids and planning tools will be helpful, if not necessary, for future missions both in pre-flight training and on-orbit. Two such displays, Navie and eivaN, are currently available for examination and human factors testing. Since the docking tasks were fundamentally different with each device and because Navie imposed more constraints on the users than eivaN did, the orbital mechanics effects had a more pronounced effect on the Navie results.

Brody, Adam R.↗

NASA NTRS1990

Polarization effects, tasks 3 and 4

The LP-140 is a commercial pulsed CO2 laser system. An attempt was made to convert this workhorse laser into a device suitable for coherent LIDAR applications. This required initial laser characterization, and system modification. The key changes which enabled the laser to display encouraging characteristics are: increased cavity length; increased gas flow; gas mixture modification; and power supply redesign. With suitable modifications, the LP-140 becomes a viable candidate for a coherent LIDAR.

Jaenisch, H. M.↗