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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 775 records · Page 43
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, Influenza A Experiment IM102

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the host response to wild-type Influenza A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9; "AH1-WT") virus and mutant viruses NS1-103F/106M ("AH1-F/M") and partially ferret-adapted ("AH1-691") infection. Sample data was obtained from mouse lung tissue and processed for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics expression analysis. Secondary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset download each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific Influenza A virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, Influenza A Experiment IM103

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the host response to wild-type Influenza A/Vietnam/1203/2004 (H5N1; "VN1203") virus infection and mock infection. Sample data was obtained for mouse lung tissue and processed for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics expression analysis. Secondary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset download each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific Influenza A virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, West Nile Experiment WCB001

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the host response to wild-type West Nile virus (WNV-NY99 382) and mutant WNV-E218A virus infection. Sample data was obtained from mouse cerebellum tissue and processed for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics expression analysis. Tissues from this experiment were matched to tissues from GSE77193 (WCT001), using 1/4 of the cortex and 1/2 of cerebellum from the same mice. Secondary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset downloads each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific West Nile virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, West Nile Experiment WCT001

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the host response to wild-type West Nile virus (WNV-NY99 382) and mutant WNV-E218A (WNV-NY99 382 E218A 2 nt) virus infection. Sample data was obtained from mouse cortex tissue for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics expression analysis. Tissues from this experiment were matched to tissues from GSE77192 (WCB001), using 1/4 of the cortex and 1/2 of cerebellum from the same mice. Secondary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset downloads each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific West Nile virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Search for dark matter produced with an energetic jet or a hadronically decaying W or Z boson at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV

A search for dark matter particles is performed using events with large missing transverse momentum, at least one energetic jet, and no leptons, in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 fb$^{−1}$. The search includes events with jets from the hadronic decays of a W or Z boson. The data are found to be in agreement with the predicted background contributions from standard model processes. The results are presented in terms of simplified models in which dark matter particles are produced through interactions involving a vector, axial-vector, scalar, or pseudoscalar mediator. Vector and axial-vector mediator particles with masses up to 1.95 TeV, and scalar and pseudoscalar mediator particles with masses up to 100 and 430 GeV respectively, are excluded at 95% confidence level. The results are also interpreted in terms of the invisible decays of the Higgs boson, yielding an observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit of 0.44 (0.56) on the corresponding branching fraction. The results of this search provide the strongest constraints on the dark matter pair production cross section through vector and axial-vector mediators at a particle collider. When compared to the direct detection experiments, the limits obtained from this search provide stronger constraints for dark matter masses less than 5, 9, and 550 GeV, assuming vector, scalar, and axial-vector mediators, respectively. The search yields stronger constraints for dark matter masses less than 200 GeV, assuming a pseudoscalar mediator, when compared to the indirect detection results from Fermi-LAT.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Search for dark matter and large extra dimensions in monojet events in pp collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = {7} $ TeV

A search has been made for events containing an energetic jet and an imbalance in transverse momentum using a data sample of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. This signature is common to both dark matter and extra dimensions models. The data were collected by the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns. The number of observed events is consistent with the standard model expectation. Constraints on the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross sections are determined for both spin-independent and spin-dependent interaction models. For the spin-independent model, these are the most constraining limits for a dark matter particle with mass below 3.5 GeV, a region unexplored by direct detection experiments. For the spin-dependent model, these are the most stringent constraints over the 0.1-200 GeV mass range. The constraints on the Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos, and Dvali model parameter MD determined as a function of the number of extra dimensions are also an improvement over the previous results.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Seasonal variability of multiple leaf traits captured by leaf spectroscopy at two temperate deciduous forests

Understanding the temporal patterns of leaf traits is critical in determining the seasonality and magnitude of terrestrial carbon, water, and energy fluxes. However, we lack robust and efficient ways to monitor the temporal dynamics of leaf traits. Here we assessed the potential of leaf spectroscopy to predict and monitor leaf traits across their entire life cycle at different forest sites and light environments (sunlit vs. shaded) using a weekly sampled dataset across the entire growing season at two temperate deciduous forests. In addition, the dataset includes field measured leaf-level directional-hemispherical reflectance/transmittance together with seven important leaf traits [total chlorophyll (chlorophyll a and b), carotenoids, mass-based nitrogen concentration (N mass ), mass-based carbon concentration (C mass ), and leaf mass per area (LMA)]. All leaf traits varied significantly throughout the growing season, and displayed trait-specific temporal patterns. We used a Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) modeling approach to estimate leaf traits from spectra, and found that PLSR was able to capture the variability across time, sites, and light environments of all leaf traits investigated (R 2 = 0.6–0.8 for temporal variability; R 2 = 0.3–0.7 for cross-site variability; R 2 = 0.4–0.8 for variability from light environments). We also tested alternative field sampling designs and found that for most leaf traits, biweekly leaf sampling throughout the growing season enabled accurate characterization of the seasonal patterns. Compared with the estimation of foliar pigments, the performance of N mass , C mass and LMA PLSR models improved more significantly with sampling frequency. Our results demonstrate that leaf spectra-trait relationships vary with time, and thus tracking the seasonality of leaf traits requires statistical models calibrated with data sampled throughout the growing season. In conclusion, our results have broad implications for future research that use vegetation spectra to infer leaf traits at different growing stages.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

Measurements of jet vetoes and azimuthal decorrelations in dijet events produced in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

In addition jet activity in dijet events is measured using pp collisions at ATLAS at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV, for jets reconstructed using the anti-k t algorithm with radius parameter R=0.6. This is done using variables such as the fraction of dijet events without an additional jet in the rapidity interval bounded by the dijet subsystem and correlations between the azimuthal angles of the dijet s. They are presented, both with and without a veto on additional jet activity in the rapidity interval, as a function of the scalar average of the transverse momenta of the dijet s and of the rapidity interval size. The double differential dijet cross section is also measured as a function of the interval size and the azimuthal angle between the dijet s. These variables probe differences in the approach to resummation of large logarithms when performing QCD calculations. The data are compared to POWERHEG , interfaced to the PYTHIA 8 and HERWIG parton shower generators, as well as to HEJ with and without interfacing it to the ARIADNE parton shower generator. None of the theoretical predictions agree with the data across the full phase-space considered; however, POWERHEG + PYTHIA 8 and HEJ + ARIADNE are found to provide the best agreement with the data. These measurements use the full data sample collected with the ATLAS detector in 7TeV pp collisions at the LHC and correspond to integrated luminosities of 36.1pb –1 and 4.5fb –1 for data collected during 2010 and 2011, respectively.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Searches for pair production of charginos and top squarks in final states with two oppositely charged leptons in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13$ TeV

A search for pair production of supersymmetric particles in events with two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and missing transverse momentum is reported. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV collected with the CMS detector during the 2016 data taking period at the LHC. No significant deviation is observed from the predicted standard model background. The results are interpreted in terms of several simplified models for chargino and top squark pair production, assuming R-parity conservation and with the neutralino as the lightest supersymmetric particle. When the chargino is assumed to undergo a cascade decay through sleptons, with a slepton mass equal to the average of the chargino and neutralino masses, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on the masses of the chargino and neutralino up to 800 and 320 GeV, respectively. For top squark pair production, the search focuses on models with a small mass difference between the top squark and the lightest neutralino. When the top squark decays into an off-shell top quark and a neutralino, the limits extend up to 420 and 360 GeV for the top squark and neutralino masses, respectively.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Evidence for Exotic Hadron Contributions to Λ b 0 → J / ψ p π – Decays

A full amplitude analysis of Λ 0 b →J/ψpπ – decays is performed with a data sample acquired with the LHCb detector from 7 and 8 TeV pp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb –1 . A significantly better description of the data is achieved when, in addition to the previously observed nucleon excitations N→pπ – , either the P c (4380) + and P c (4450) + →J/ψp states, previously observed in Λ 0 b →J/ψpK – decays, or the Z c (4200) – →J/ψπ – state, previously reported in B 0 →J/ψK + π – decays, or all three, are included in the amplitude models. The data support a model containing all three exotic states, with a significance of more than three standard deviations. Within uncertainties, the data are consistent with the P c (4380) + and P c (4450) + production rates expected from their previous observation taking account of Cabibbo suppression.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Searches for exclusive Higgs and Z boson decays into a vector quarkonium state and a photon using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of ATLAS $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton–proton collision data

Searches for the exclusive decays of Higgs and Z bosons into a vector quarkonium state and a photon are performed in the μ + μ - γ final state with a proton– proton collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb -1 collected at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The observed data are compatible with the expected back grounds. The 95% confidence-level upper limits on the branching fractions of the Higgs boson decays into J/ψ γ , ψ(2S) γ , and $Υ$(1S, 2S, 3S) γ are found to be 2.0 × 10 -4 , 10.5×10 -4 , and (2.5, 4.2, 3.4)×10 -4 , respectively, assuming Standard Model production of the Higgs boson. The corresponding 95% CL upper limits on the branching fractions of the Z boson decays are 1.2 × 10 -6 , 2.4 × 10 -6 , and (1.1, 1.3, 2.4) × 10 -6 . An observed 95% CL interval of (-133, 175) is obtained for the κ c /κ γ ratio of Higgs boson coupling modifiers, and a 95% CL interval of (-37, 40) is obtained for κ b /κ γ .

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
NASA NTRS1975

ATS-6 - Radio Beacon Experiment: The first years

The Radio Beacon Experiment aboard Applications Technology Satellite-6 (ATS-6) is designed to measure the total electron content and the ionospheric electron content between the satellite and ground. The spaceborne beacon transmits signals on frequencies of 40, 140, and 360 MHz with amplitude modulations of 1 MHz and/or 0.1 MHz for the measurement of modulation phase, Faraday rotation, and amplitude. The modulation phase delays are calibrated in the satellite and in the ground equipment, and the polarization of the emitted signals are predetermined by standard antenna range techniques. The design of the ATS-6 receiver in Boulder, Colorado, is discussed. The antennae are of the short backfire type described by Ehrenspeck (1967), with nominal gains of 13, 19, and 22 dB at 40, 140, and 360 MHz, respectively. Data recording and overall supervision of the receiver is carried out by a 16-bit minicomputer with 8 k of memory. Overall performance of the system is satisfactory. Sample data on the monthly median hourly values of the total electron content, plasmospheric content, and shape factor show distinct seasonal and diurnal variations.

Davies, K.↗
NASA NTRS1976

A satellite digital controller or 'play that PID tune again, Sam'

The problem discussed is to design a digital controller for a typical satellite. The controlled plant is considered to be a rigid body acting in a plane. The controller is assumed to be a digital computer which, when combined with the proposed control algorithm, can be represented as a sampled-data system. The objective is to present a design strategy and technique for selecting numerical values for the control gains (assuming position, integral, and derivative feedback) and the sample rate. The technique is based on the parameter plane method and requires that the system be amenable to z-transform analysis.

Seltzer, S. M.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Knudsen Cell Studies of Ti-Al Thermodynamics

In this paper we describe the Knudsen cell technique for measurement of thermodynamic activities in alloys. Numerous experimental details must be adhered to in order to obtain useful experimental data. These include introduction of an in-situ standard, precise temperature measurement, elimination of thermal gradients, and precise cell positioning. Our first design is discussed and some sample data on Ti-Al alloys is presented. The second modification and associated improvements are also discussed.

Jacobson, Nathan S.↗
DOE OSTI2012

Successful Implementation of Soil Segregation Technology at the Painesville FUSRAP Site - 12281

Typically the highest cost component of the radiological soils remediation of Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP) sites is the cost to transport and dispose of the excavated soils, typically contaminated with naturally occurring isotopes of uranium, thorium and radium, at an appropriately permitted off-site disposal facility. The heterogeneous nature of the contamination encountered at these sites makes it difficult to accurately delineate the extent of contaminated soil using the limited, discrete sampling data collected during the investigation phases; and difficult to precisely excavate only the contaminated soil that is above the established cleanup limits using standard in-field scanning and guiding methodologies. This usually results in a conservative guided excavation to ensure cleanup criteria are met, with the attendant transportation and disposal costs for the larger volumes of soil excavated. To address this issue during the remediation of the Painesville FUSRAP Site, located in Painesville, Ohio, the Buffalo District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and its contractor, Safety and Ecology Corporation (SEC), employed automatic soil segregation technology provided by MACTEC (now AMEC) to reduce the potential for transportation and disposal of soils that met the cleanup limits. This waste minimization technology utilized gamma spectroscopy of conveyor-fed soils to automatically segregate the material into above and below criteria discharge piles. Use of the soil segregation system resulted in cost savings through the significant reduction of the volume of excavated soil that required off-site transportation and disposal, and the reduction of the amount of imported clean backfill required via reuse of 'below criteria' segregated soil as place back material in restoring the excavations. Measurements taken by the soil segregation system, as well as results of quality control sampling of segregated soils, confirmed that soils segregated as below criteria for reuse as site fill did meet the Record of Decision cleanup criteria for the site. Automatic soil segregation technology was successfully implemented as part of the 2010 - 2011 remediation effort at the Painesville FUSRAP Site. The Orion ScanSortSM system employed at the site demonstrated the ability to accurately determine the radioactivity concentrations in the processed soil and soil-like material and quickly segregate that material for appropriate final disposition. Data from the soil segregation system and confirmatory QC samples indicated that the segregated 'below criteria' soils met the cleanup criteria in the ROD, and was appropriate for reuse as fill in the excavations. The reduction of the total excavated soil volume requiring off-site disposal by 94% yielded significant project cost savings through reduction of transportation and disposal and backfill procurement costs. Use of automatic soil segregation technology was an efficient and cost-effective method for addressing the radiological contamination at the Painesville Site. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, MERS-CoV Experiment MFB001

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the human host response to wild-type MERS-CoV (icMERS-CoV) virus infection. Sample data was obtained from primary human fibroblasts and processed for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics expression analysis. econdary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset downloads each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific MERS-CoV virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, MERS-CoV Experiment MFB002

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the human host response to wild-type Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (icMERS-CoV, EMC2012) and mutant virus infection. Sample data was obtained from primary human fibroblasts for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics expression analysis. Secondary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset downloads each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific MERS-CoV virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Omics-Lethal Human Viruses, MERS-CoV Experiment MFB003

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the human host response to wild-type Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (icMERS-CoV, EMC2012) virus infection. Sample data was obtained from primary human fibroblasts for mRNA, miRNA, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics expression analysis. Secondary host-associated viral dataset downloads contain one or more statistically processed (normalization data transformation) quantitative dataset collections resulting in qualitative expression analyses of primary host-pathogen experimental study designs. Leveraging unique high-resolution Omics capabilities for proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and transcriptomics dataset downloads each have a direct relationship to a primary sample submission corresponding to a specific MERS-CoV virus infection.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗