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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 775 records · Page 43

2011 Chevrolet Volt VIN 0815 Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Battery Test Results

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA) program consists of vehicle, battery, and infrastructure testing on advanced technology related to transportation. The activity includes tests on plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), including testing the PHEV batteries when both the vehicles and batteries are new and at the conclusion of 12,000 miles of on-road fleet testing. This report documents battery testing performed for the 2011 Chevrolet Volt PHEV (VIN 1G1RD6E48BU100815). The battery testing was performed by the Electric Transportation Engineering Corporation (eTec) dba ECOtality North America. The Idaho National Laboratory and ECOtality North America collaborate on the AVTA for the Vehicle Technologies Program of the DOE.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗

Multiscale dynamics of reactive fronts in the subsurface

1. Brief summary of progress to date. Major Goals of the Project. Overreaching goals of the proposed activity are to develop an or- ganizing framework to describe nonlinear reactive transport in geologic systems over many length and time scales, and corresponding physics-based adaptive multi-scale hybrid models. We will also provide computational tools for robust uncertainty quantification in hybrid simulations. Major Activities of the Project. The major activities in this reporting period have focused on developing a time-averaging framework for ADR transport (Task 1) and global diagnosis criteria for spatio-temporal algorithm refinement (Task 2), as well as numerical validation and verification of the analytical approaches developed. The main activities are as follows: (a) We use homogenization theory to perform a spatio-temporal upscaling of pore-scale advection- diffusion equation in a periodic porous medium in the presence of fluctuating boundary conditions on some parts of the boundary and nonlinear chemical reaction on the solid-liquid interface and we investigate the constraints under which the macroscopic equation gives an accurate explanation of the underlying physics at the pore scale. We demonstrate that the dynamics at the continuum scale is strongly influenced by the interplay between signal frequency at the boundary and transport processes at the pore level. Furthermore, we show that by choosing appropriate scaling factors, a homogenized equation along with expressions for the effective coefficients reliably describe the concentration of solute at the length and time scales vastly different from physically robust micro-scale provided that some specific scale separation constraints are met. Our analysis proves that if the reaction rate or advection at the micro-scale are large, the effectiveness of the homogenized model is impeded. (b) We test numerically the conditions derived theoretically for advective-diffusive and reactive trans- port in a fracture with planar walls subject to temporally oscillating Dirichlet boundary conditions. The numerical analysis confirms the theoretical predictions. Significant Results. Two paper are in preparation. 2. Description of work yet to be accomplished The Tasks yet to be accomplished are listed below: (a) Quantify the impact of uncertainty in wall geometry of planar fractures on predictions hybrids of ARD transport (b) Develop coupling conditions for time hybridzation (c) Quantify the impact of uncertainty in pore geometry on predictions of hybrids of ARD transport in porous media, i.e. develop stochastic hybrid models (d) Use the hybrids combined with X-Ray tomographic images of pore scale structure (from Dr. Gouze, see letter of collaboration) to model dynamic changes in porosity/permeability

42 ENGINEERING↗

Dissolution of Light Curium Oxide with a Catalyzed Electrolytic Process

The ability to produce transcurium elements and isotopes, such as 249 Bk and 252 Cf, requires the appropriate feed material and a high thermal neutron flux. Currently, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) provides one of the world’s highest steady state thermal neutron fluxes. The feed material consists of recycled curium from the decades of production of 249 Bk, 252 Cf, 253 Es, and 255/257 Fm at the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC). Over time, the feed material has been depleted and needs to be replenished. The current feed material is called “heavy recycled curium” and consists of over 50 wt% of 246/248 Cm isotopes. In order to replenish this stock material, additional curium is needed. The only curium material that is currently available consists predominantly (greater than 80 wt%) of 244 Cm. This material also contains 240 Pu from the radioactive decay of the 244 Cm. Because of the amount of 244 Cm is greater than 50% of the total Cm, this material is termed “light curium.” Today, 249 Bk and 252 Cf are produced in only two places in the world: the United States and Russia. In the United States, the US Department of Energy and its predecessors have made these isotopes and others available to research agencies and commercial users since the late 1960s as part of the Department of Energy heavy-element production program located at ORNL. Currently these materials are provided through the DOE Office of Science Nuclear Physics-Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications and the Basic Energy Science-Heavy Element Chemistry. Feedstock for the production of 252 Cf and other transcurium element by-product isotopes was originally prepared by means of irradiation of multi-kilograms of 239 Pu in the large production reactors at the Savannah River Site. Products of the Savannah River Site irradiation were predominantly 242 Pu, 243 Am, and 244 Cm. These materials were shipped to ORNL for production of multi-milligram amounts per year of 252 Cf and other transcurium element isotopes by means of irradiation in the HFIR, followed by separation and purification processing in the Radiochemical Engineering Development Center (REDC). The transcurium element isotopes produced were distributed to other US and collaborating foreign laboratories for research studies to determine the nuclear and chemical properties of these rare materials. The Cm feed material plays a key role in the efficient production of 252 Cf. The early targets irradiated in HFIR contained only the 242 Pu, 243 Am, and 244 Cm produced at Savannah River Site, and the rate of production of 252 Cf was less than 1 mg per 8 g of target material as shown in Figure 1. Also, shown in Figure 1 is the significant difference in 252 Cf production between the light and heavy curium; it differs by approximately 2 orders of magnitude.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

High gradient C-band research at Los Alamos [Slides]

The Los Alamos C-band Test stand (CERF-NM) is operational. We are about to start testing and fabricating cavities using various materials and various fabrication methods for both ours and collaborators’ cavities.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Research Plan and Preliminary Results in Developing the Fabrication Parameters for Alloy 709 in Different Product Forms―Grain Coarsening Temperature Evaluation

The Advanced Reactor Technologies (ART) Program has established a multi-year plan to develop Alloy 709 advanced stainless steel (A709), generate the data package and develop material-specific design parameters in qualifying it as a new structural material for Class A component design in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Division 5, High Temperature Reactors. In collaboration with material vendors, the Advanced Materials Development activities under ART have successfully scaled the A709 plate form production from a laboratory heat of 500 pounds to commercial heats totaling 133,000 pounds of A709 plate fabricated from three heats. The goal of the overall A709 development program is to establish the necessary microstructural and mechanical properties relationship for A709 to ultimately develop fabrication parameters for other product forms such as bars, piping and forging using the available ART A709 materials. The objective of this A709 development work at ORNL in FY2023 is to experimentally determine grain coarsening behavior for the A709 heats and to experimentally generate the continuous cooling precipitation (CCP) diagram for A709 using the as-rolled commercial heat plate materials. Integral to this work is the characterization of the as-rolled materials and the determination of an effective solution annealing process. This report summarizes the work performed to identify the grain coarsening temperature for commercial heat 58776-3RB fabricated by G. O. Carlson and heat 529900-02 fabricated by Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (ATI) Flat Rolled Products.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Development Progress in Phase 1 Fission Propulsion Systems

Phase 1 fission propulsion systems are those fission propulsion systems that are highly testable and require no development of nuclear fuels or materials. The systems can be developed without new or significantly modified facilities, have adequate performance for numerous missions of interest, and demonstrate technologies and programmatics that are traceable to Phase 2 and Phase 3 systems. Phase 1 fission propulsion systems focus on safety, cost and schedule. Phase 1 flight units can be tested at full thrust using resistance heaters to simulate heat from fission. The development and use of Phase 1 systems will help enable Phase 2 or Phase 3 fission propulsion systems capable of giving rapid, affordable access to any point in the solar system. A Phase 1 fission propulsion system under development at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) in collaboration with individuals from Department of Energy Laboratories and industry is the Safe Affordable Fission Engine (SAFE). The propellant energy source of a 30 kW SAFE unit (SAFE-30) is being fabricated, and will begin testing at MSFC in FY00. The conceptual design of a 300 kW SAFE unit (SAFE-300)is nearing completion. Experiments have been performed on both SAFE-30 and SAFE-300 components. Module tests have confirmed the performance potential of the SAFE series of propulsion systems. This paper will report on the development status of the Phase 1 SAFE fission propulsion system.

Houts, Michael G.↗

SemanticOrganizer: A Customizable Semantic Repository for Distributed NASA Project Teams

SemanticOrganizer is a collaborative knowledge management system designed to support distributed NASA projects, including diverse teams of scientists, engineers, and accident investigators. The system provides a customizable, semantically structured information repository that stores work products relevant to multiple projects of differing types. SemanticOrganizer is one of the earliest and largest semantic web applications deployed at NASA to date, and has been used in diverse contexts ranging from the investigation of Space Shuttle Columbia's accident to the search for life on other planets. Although the underlying repository employs a single unified ontology, access control and ontology customization mechanisms make the repository contents appear different for each project team. This paper describes SemanticOrganizer, its customization facilities, and a sampling of its applications. The paper also summarizes some key lessons learned from building and fielding a successful semantic web application across a wide-ranging set of domains with diverse users.

Keller, Richard M.↗

Knowledge, People, and Risk

NASA's mandate is to take risks to got into space while applying its best knowledge. NASA's knowledge is the result of scientific insights from research, engineering wisdom from experience, project management skills, safety and team consciousness and institutional support and collaboration. This presentation highlights NASA's organizational knowledge, communication and growth efforts.

Rogers, Edward W.↗

MoonRIDERS: NASA and Hawaiis Innovative Lunar Surface Flight Experiment for Landing in Late 2017

Recently, NASA Kennedy Space Center, Hawaii's state aerospace agency PISCES, and two Hawaii high schools Iolani and Kealakehe have come together in a unique collaboration called MoonRIDERS. This strategic partnership will allow Hawaii students to participate directly in sending a science experiment to the surface of the moon. The MoonRIDERS project started in the spring of 2014, with each institution responsible for its own project costs and activities. PISCES, given its legislative direction in advancing planetary surface systems, saw this collaboration as an important opportunity to inspire a young generation and encourage STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) learning. Under the guidance of PISCES and NASA, the students will be involved hands-on from start to finish in the engineering, testing, and validation of a space technology called the Electrodynamic Dust Shield (EDS). Dust is a critical issue for space exploration, as evidenced by the Apollo lunar missions and Mars rovers and landers. Dust creates a number of problems for humans and hardware, including inhalation, mechanical interference, wear and tear on spacesuits, inhibition of heat transfer on radiators, and reduced efficiency of solar panels. To address this, the EDS is designed to work on a variety of materials, and functions by generatingelectrodynamic fields to clear away the dust. The Google Lunar XPRIZE (GLXP), a space competition "designed to inspire pioneers to do robotic space transport on a budget," serves as a likely method for the MoonRIDERS to get their project to the moon. The EDS would potentially be flown as a hosted payload on a competitor's lander (still to be chosen). This briefing will provide an overview of the technology, the unique partnership, progress update and testing leading to this flight opportunity.

Payload experiment↗

AFRC Wireless Development Plans and Needs

This presentation highlights NASA AFRCs wireless systems development plans as well as technological needs and airworthiness challenges for flight test/research applications. The presentation discusses desired wireless sensing and wireless data communication methodologies for specific aircraft areas such as wings, tail, engines, and landing gears. The presentation also provides information for potential industry partners seeking to collaborate in the development of sensors through various means as well as to verify and validate wireless sensors and systems through flight at AFRC.

telemetry systems↗

New Observing Strategies Testbed (NOS-T)

The New Observing Strategies (NOS) initiative within the NASA Earth Science Technology Office(ESTO)Advanced Information Systems Technology(AIST) program envisions future Earth science missions with distributed sensors(nodes) interconnected by a communications fabric that enables dynamic and intelligent operations [1].Some NOS concepts resemble systems-of-systems or collaborative systems where operational authority is distributed among multiple systems, necessitating new methods for systems engineering and design to cope with more decentralized control over constituent systems[2].The New Observing Strategies Testbed (NOS-T, verbalized as "enoh es tee") is a computational environment to develop, test, mature, and socialize new operating concepts and technology for NOS. NOS-T provides infrastructure to integrate and orchestrate user-contributed applications for system-of-systems test cases with true distributed control over constituent systems. The overall concept, illustrated in Figure 1, interconnects individual user applications and a NOS-T manager application via common information system infrastructure to coordinate the execution of virtual Earth science missions. NOS-T enables principal investigators to conduct test runs in the same environment, systematically changing variables to assess the overall efficacy of the proposed new observing strategies. Recorded data and outcomes provide evidence to advance technology readiness level and improve or innovate upon existing Earth science measurement techniques

Paul Grogan↗

Residential Multi-Function Gas Heat Pump

This fact sheet describes a project by Southwest Gas Corporation, in collaboration with IntelliChoice Energy and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, to develop hardware and software for engine and system controls for a residential gas heat pump system that provides space cooling, heating, and hot water.

Combined Heat and Power↗

Hydrogen Storage System Modeling: Public Access, Maintenance, and Enhancements

This presentation describes fiscal year 2019 status and accomplishments for the Hydrogen Storage System Modeling project led by NREL, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and David Tamburello. The team is collaborating to manage, update, and enhance hydrogen storage system models developed under the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence.

08 HYDROGEN↗

Modeling of Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical Processes for High-Level Radioactive Waste Repositories - 17361

To ensure that multi-barrier systems in high-level radioactive waste (HLW) repositories can efficiently perform their functions and isolate the waste from the biosphere, coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes used for the performance assessment of HLW disposal facilities should be modeled. To evaluate coupled THMC processes, the DECOVALEX project, a unique international research collaboration project initiated in 1992, developed mathematical models and field experiments involving THMC processes in engineered barrier systems and host rocks for HLW disposal. The DECOVALEX project and the current status of coupled THMC model development can provide further insights into the performance assessment of HLW disposal facilities. This study provides information regarding the DECOVALEX project and reviews the development of coupled THMC models. The study results furnish knowledge of coupled THMC processes and techniques for the performance assessment and safety analysis of the final HLW disposal. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Robotic systems for remote characterization and decommissioning - 15102

This paper provides an updated summary of the research being conducted at the University of Manchester, UK, in the area of remote characterisation through the use of robotic systems, in support of the decommissioning plan for the Sellafield nuclear site in Cumbria, UK. The research is being conducted in collaboration with a number of companies including Sellafield Ltd, the National Nuclear Laboratory and Forth Engineering Ltd. The progress of a number of novel mobile robotic platforms being developed at the University of Manchester is presented including the AVEXIS underwater vehicles, ground and sub-surface vehicles and alpha glove box decontamination robots. Also presented is the ongoing work on the remote sensing technologies and techniques which will be deployed on the robotic platforms. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Mobile Robots and Remote Characterisation Systems for Nuclear Decommissioning - 16028

This paper provides an updated summary of the research being conducted at the University of Manchester, UK, in support of the decommissioning plan for the Sellafield nuclear site in Cumbria, UK. The research is being conducted in collaboration with a number of companies including Sellafield Ltd, the National Nuclear Laboratory and Forth Engineering Ltd. The primary focus of the research is in support of the decommissioning of the legacy facilities on the Sellafield site, however the technology can be applied to other nuclear sites, both modern and legacy, as well as in other industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical and the marine industry. The progress on the development of novel characterisation platforms (mobile robots) and sensing systems is presented including the AVEXIS underwater inspection system, a robot spider for remote operations and algorithms for efficient compression of Lidar point cloud data. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Applications Using the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management Tool-set - 16335

The Office of Soil and Groundwater of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM) developed the Advanced Simulation Capability for Environmental Management (ASCEM). The ASCEM tool-sets can be used for making informed choices in uncertain and complex environments, where cost-benefits of environmental impacts and human health need to be considered. The deployments and demonstrations show how ASCEM provides a unified framework that facilitates efficient modeling and analyses to address costs and benefits of engineering and remediation decisions: - Evaluation of engineered remediation and monitoring strategies at the Savannah River Site (SRS) F-Area in collaboration with the Office of Soil and Groundwater Remediation, Attenuation-Based Remedies in the Subsurface Applied Field Research Initiative; - Assessment of performance assessment issues and waste tank closure at SRS; - Evaluation of alternative conceptual models for the deep vadose zone at the Hanford Site, supporting waste tank closure. The ASCEM tool-sets enable computationally efficient representations of the complex subsurface systems, including fractured and faulted volcanic and carbonate aquifers, a very deep water table, and multiple contaminant sources. The applications demonstrate that deployment of the ASCEM tool-sets provides an opportunity to reduce conservatisms in modeling assessments and allows detailed investigation of alternative conceptual models. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Assessing Energy Infrastructure Devices for Vulnerabilities

Industrial control systems prove to be vital to the health and security of the nation in our critical infrastructure. Critical infrastructure includes the most foundational systems to support modern civilization which includes water and wastewater systems, communications, and the electricity we use to name a few sectors. However, these devices' overall composition remains largely unknown and are untested from a cyber security perspective. As part of the Cyber Testing for Resilient Industrial Control Systems (CyTRICS) program, I analyzed one such energy infrastructure device to better understand how it functions, what hardware and software components are present within it, and assess it for security vulnerabilities. To achieve this, I reverse engineered binary files using Ghidra to understand system functionality and learned more about how to collaborate with other researchers on a shared Ghidra project. I learned more about how web sockets function and how to interact with them through Python to test if they are secure or not. This work led me to assess possible vulnerabilities in this device and provide a better understanding of its composition and function, which are essential to INL's mission of securing our nation's energy infrastructure.

99 - GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗