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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 775 records · Page 43
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NASA NTRS1993

The AFP-675 Far Ultraviolet Cameras experiment - Observations of the far-UV space environment

The NRL's Far UV Cameras experiment flew aboard the Shuttle Orbiter on STS-39, in 1991: obtaining 105-200 nm measurements of the upper atmosphere, astronomical targets, and the Shuttle environment. Attention is presently given to observations of O2 density vs altitude in the nighttime atmosphere, the nocturnal ionosphere, Space Shuttle FUV glow, and photometry for both the stars and diffuse sources of 12 star fields at high and low galactic latitudes. The first FUV observations of the extended region of reflection nebulosity in Scorpius are included.

Carruthers, George R.↗
NASA NTRS1993

A Hubble Space Telescope planetary camera view of giant H II regions - The Wolf-Rayet content of NGC 595 and NGC 604 in M33

We present images of NGC 595 and NGC 604, the most massive giant H II regions in M33, obtained with the Planetary Camera aboard the HST in order to study their WR population. Fourteen WR and/or Of candidates are detected in NGC 604, and eleven in NGC 595. All previously claimed 'superluminous' WR stars are found to be tight (diameter less than 3 pc) stellar aggregates containing one (or sometimes more) normal WR star. As suspected from ground-based data, the WR/O number ratio is significantly higher in NGC 595 (about 0.3) than in NGC 604 (about 0.1). The WR stars may be major contributors to the output of mechanical power and energy into the interstellar medium in both clusters. Over the observable initial mass range, the initial mass functions (IMFs) have similar slopes. These IMFs are somewhat flatter than those generally derived for massive stars in the Galaxy or the Magellanic Clouds.

Drissen, Laurent↗
NASA NTRS1993

What do you gain from deconvolution? - Observing faint galaxies with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera

We describe experiments with deconvolutions of simulations of deep HST Wide Field Camera images containing faint, compact galaxies to determine under what circumstances there is a quantitative advantage to image deconvolution, and explore whether it is (1) helpful for distinguishing between stars and compact galaxies, or between spiral and elliptical galaxies, and whether it (2) improves the accuracy with which characteristic radii and integrated magnitudes may be determined. The Maximum Entropy and Richardson-Lucy deconvolution algorithms give the same results. For medium and low S/N images, deconvolution does not significantly improve our ability to distinguish between faint stars and compact galaxies, nor between spiral and elliptical galaxies. Measurements from both raw and deconvolved images are biased and must be corrected; it is easier to quantify and remove the biases for cases that have not been deconvolved. We find no benefit from deconvolution for measuring luminosity profiles, but these results are limited to low S/N images of very compact (often undersampled) galaxies.

Schade, David J.↗
NASA NTRS1992

The search for optical counterparts to BATSE GRBs with the Explosive Transient Camera

The Explosive Transient Camera (ETC), an automatic wide-field sky monitor sensitive to short-timescale optical transients, has been operating in conjunction with BATSE since the launch of GRO. In this paper, we discuss the probability and implications of the ETC monitoring a part of the sky in which BATSE detects a gamma-ray burst.

Vanderspek, Roland↗
NASA NTRS1992

Current status of the Explosive Transient Camera

The current configuration and performance of the Explosive Transient Camera (ETC), a wide-field sky monitor capable of detecting short-timescale optical transients, are briefly reviewed, as are plans for future improvements. The primary objective of the ETC is to detect an optical transient that is spatially and temporally coincident with a gamma-ray burster. However, the ETC is sensitive to all sources of short-timescale optical transients and will conduct a systematic survey of the night sky for all optical transients. Results of preliminary observations of the night sky conducted since January 1991 are summarized, and long-term variability searches with the ETC are discussed.

Vanderspek, Roland↗
NASA NTRS1992

Photometric calibration of the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) at low resolution - The LWP camera

We present and discuss the low resolution absolute calibration for the LWP camera of the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE). The calibration, implemented in routine processing of LWP low resolution images on December 22, 1987 at both GSFC and VILSPA IUE ground stations, is based on the last set of Intensity Transfer Function (ITF 2) obtained in September 1984 and on a substantially larger amount of IUE observations of standard stars than used for the preliminary calibration by Cassatella & Harris (1983) based on the earlier ITF (ITF 1). The new ITF and the associated calibration provide upgraded performances in flux accuracy, signal-to-noise ratio and linearity with respect to the earlier LWP ITF1 which was implemented in processing LWP data obtained in the period from October 16, 1983 until December 21, 1987.

Cassatella, A.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Faint Object Camera observations of M87 - The jet and nucleus

UV and optical images of the central region and jet of the nearby elliptical galaxy M87 have been obtained with about 0.1 arcsec resolution in several spectral bands with the Faint Object Camera (FOC) on the HST, including polarization images. Deconvolution enhances the contrast of the complex structure and filamentary patterns in the jet already evident in the aberrated images. Morphologically there is close similarity between the FOC images of the extended jet and the best 2-cm radio maps obtained at similar resolution, and the magnetic field vectors from the UV and radio polarimetric data also correspond well. We observe structure in the inner jet within a few tenths arcsec of the nucleus which also has been well studied at radio wavelengths. Our UV and optical photometry of regions along the jet shows little variation in spectral index from the value 1.0 between markedly different regions and no trend to a steepening spectrum with distance along the jet.

Boksenberg, A.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Recent developments in space shuttle remote sensing, using hand-held film cameras

The authors report on the advantages and disadvantages of a number of camera systems which are currently employed for space shuttle remote sensing operations. Systems discussed include the modified Hasselbad, the Rolleiflex 6008, the Linkof 5-inch format system, and the Nikon F3/F4 systems. Film/filter combinations (color positive films, color infrared films, color negative films and polarization filters) are presented.

Amsbury, David L.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Design of the solid cryogen dewar for the Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer

A multipurpose, second-generation HST instrument for imaging and spectroscopy in the 1 to 2.5 microns wavelength region is being developed. The Near-Infrared Camera Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) is unique since it is the only HST instrument operating in the NIR and cryogenically cooled. The NICMOS detector arrays are cooled to 58 K by a solid-nitrogen (SN2) dewar with a predicted lifetime of nearly five years. To obtain this long lifetime, a hybrid cooling approach using thermoelectric coolers (TECs) is employed to reduce the parasitic heat load on the SN2. The design features used to promote long life, the predicted lifetime improvements provided by the TECs, and the performance degradation in the event of TEC failure(s) are discussed.

Oonk, Rodney L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

The calibration of video cameras for quantitative measurements

Several different recent applications of velocimetry at Langley Research Center are described in order to show the need for video camera calibration for quantitative measurements. Problems peculiar to video sensing are discussed, including synchronization and timing, targeting, and lighting. The extension of the measurements to include radiometric estimates is addressed.

Snow, Walter L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Using APART for wall visibility calculations in the calibration channel of wide field planetary camera II

The cone visibility from the CCD detector array plane in the calibration channel of wide field planetary camera II (WFPC II) is analyzed, using APART, for three representative wavelengths as characterized by indices of refraction. The light pipe walls are visible from the corners of the equivalent CCD detector array when imaging with the smallest index of refraction, n = 1.375. Painting the inside of the light pipe walls will result in a decrease in their visibility.

Scholl, James W.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Detecting Leaks With An Infrared Camera

Proposed test reveals small leak in gas pipe - for example, leak through fatigue crack induced by vibration - even though insulation covers pipe. Infrared-sensitive video camera aimed at part(s) containing suspected leak(s). Insulated pipe pressurized with gas that absorbs infrared light. If crack were present, escaping gas travels along outside of pipe until it reached edge of insulation. Gas emerging from edge of insulation appears as dark cloud in video image.

Easter, Barry P.↗
NASA NTRS1989

STS-32 IMAX Camera Training

The crew is shown learning how to load the IMAX camera and use it. This training takes place on the middeck of the CCT.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1993

The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) for the Lunar Scout 1 Mission

The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) is a planetary imaging system developed by the German Aerospace Research Establishment (DLR) with the involvement of the German Space Industry under the leadership of the German Space Agency (DARA) for the Russian Mars 94 and Mars 96 missions. The same instrument, virtually unmodified, is ideal for imaging the Moon. If flown on a Lunar Scout spacecraft, the HRSC will be operated so that it will produce data suitable for generation of a global lunar geodetic net, a global stereo image data set (both data sets produced at an orbit altitude of 200 kms approximately) and high resolution stereo imagery of areas of interest to the scientific community from an orbit altitude of 100 kms (resolution is a function of orbit altitude). All data will be digital.

Neukum, G.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Fuzzy-neural control of an aircraft tracking camera platform

A fuzzy-neural control system simulation was developed for the control of a camera platform used to observe aircraft on final approach to an aircraft carrier. The fuzzy-neural approach to control combines the structure of a fuzzy knowledge base with a supervised neural network's ability to adapt and improve. The performance characteristics of this hybrid system were compared to those of a fuzzy system and a neural network system developed independently to determine if the fusion of these two technologies offers any advantage over the use of one or the other. The results of this study indicate that the fuzzy-neural approach to control offers some advantages over either fuzzy or neural control alone.

Mcgrath, Dennis↗