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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 757 records · Page 42
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1999

Initiation and elongation of lateral roots in Lactuca sativa

Lactuca sativa cv. Baijianye seedlings do not normally produce lateral roots, but removal of the root tip or application of auxin, especially indole-butyric acid, triggered the formation of lateral roots. Primordia initiated within 9 h and were fully developed after 24 h by activating the pericycle cells opposite the xylem pole. The pericycle cells divided asymmetrically into short and long cells. The short cells divided further to form primordia. The effect of root tip removal and auxin application was reversed by 6-benzylaminopurine at concentrations >10(-8) M. The cytokinin oxidase inhibitor N1-(2chloro4pyridyl)-N2-phenylurea also suppressed auxin-induced lateral rooting. The elongation of primary roots was promoted by L-alpha-(2-aminoethoxyvinyl) glycine and silver ions, but only the latter enhanced elongation of lateral roots. The data indicate that the induction of lateral roots is controlled by basipetally moving cytokinin and acropetally moving auxin. Lateral roots appear to not produce ethylene.

NASA Discipline Plant Biology↗
NASA NTRS1998

Ground-based studies with Super-Dwarf wheat in preparation for space flight

Several experiments were carried out to test responses of a Super-Dwarf cultivar of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to various environmental parameters that were anticipated to be present in our attempts to grow the wheat in a small growth chamber on the Russian Space Station, Mir, or that proved to be present in a 1995 trial space experiment. Under low photosynthetic photon flux (40-400 micromoles m-2 s-1 PPF), development (e.g. anthesis) was retarded, but heads (often sterile) always formed, even if light was so low that plants died before the heads could mature. Longer photoperiods promoted flowering, but night interruptions combined with short days did not provoke a long-day response as occurs with true long-day plants. The long-day effect could prove to be a summation of photosynthetic products. Heat stress (40 degrees C for 1-24 h) did not influence flowering but killed plants that were 13-16-day-old (no effect on younger plants). Concentrations of iodine or silver-fluoride disinfectants present in the water used for plants on Mir (1.0-4.0 mg L-1) did not affect plant growth although higher concentrations (8.0-1.6 mg L-1) were inhibitory. GA3 or indoleacetic acid applied every other day at concentrations from 1.0 x 10(-6) mg L-1 to 3.162 x 10(-4) mg L-1 did not change the height of Super-Dwarf wheat, suggesting that this cultivar is not a gibberellin mutant.

Flight Experiment↗
NASA NTRS1993

Optical Properties of Semiconductor-Metal Composite Thin Films in the Infrared Region

Germanium:Silver (Ge:Ag) composite thin films having different concentrations of Ag, ranging from 7% to 40% have been prepared by dc co-sputtering of Ge an Ag and the films' surface morphology and optical properties have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and infrared spectrophotometry. It is seen that while the films containing lower concentrations of Ag have island-like morphology (i.e. Ag particles distributed in a Ge matrix), the higher metallic concentration films tend to have symmetric distribution of Ag and Ge.

Films Germanium Silver↗
NASA NTRS1993

Semiconductor- Metal Graded Index Composite Thin Films for Infrared Applications

Theoretical/experimental studies have been carried out on Germanium:Silver (Ge:Ag) graded index composite thin films, which demonstrate that graded coatings, consisting of varied concentrations of Ag with respect to the Ge film thickness, exhibit different optica properties ranging from selective infrared (IR) reflectance to broadband IR absorptance.

Inhomogeneous↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

DirectINJECT: Dosing Systems for Concentrated Liquid Biocides

Reliable and mass-efficient techniques for biocide dosing are necessary to enable residual microbial control in spacecraft potable water systems. DirectINJECT is an approach to provide ultra-low flow rate injection of stable aqueous biocide concentrate solution (e.g., highly soluble silver salt). This method has the benefit of low consumable mass and is insensitive to the chemistry of the target water. With a 40 g Ag+/liter solution, required dosing rates would be ~1 μl/minute during water processing (for a system similar to the ISS WPA), requiring only approximately 20 ml/crew-year of concentrate. The performance of three dosing systems were identified and characterized: pressure-driven flow through a robust micro-capillary tube with a solenoid valve shut-off, a miniature peristaltic pump, and a multi-piston pump with integrated valving. Several potential system reliability concerns are addressed including prevention or segregation of gas bubbles in the concentrate reservoirs as well as long-term materials compatibility and mechanical life.

silver↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Development and characterization of the Capillary DirectINJECT System

The DirectINJECT Project was initiated to create a reliable in-line dosing system for delivering a concentrated silver ion biocide solution into spacecraft potable water. Three dosing systems, including a miniature peristaltic pump, a multi-piston pump, and a differential pressure-driven capillary tube, were quickly prototyped and tested. Although the peristaltic and multi-piston pump systems met the desired flow rate range, the capillary system showed the most promise and was chosen for further development. In FY23, the Capillary DirectINJECT dosing system underwent extensive testing with a nominal injection rate of 1.0 μl/min into varying backpressure conditions. A Primary DirectINJECT System with triplicate testbeds was employed for long-term testing, and auxiliary systems like the Secondary DirectINJECT System and Leak Testbed were developed to characterize specific components and investigate various phenomena related to the dosing system. Parameters such as flow rates, reservoir pressures, and temperature were monitored throughout the testing campaigns.

DirectINJECT↗
NASA NTRS1964

Connector for thermocouple leads saves costly wire, makes reliable connectors

A connector for use in the thermocouple circuits which is silver-brazed to the metal thermocouple sheath on one end and crimped over the insulation of the flexible lead on the other, assures protection against breakage and abrasion. A moisture-proof insulating material is used to encapsulate the wire junctions.

Miller, H. B.↗
NASA NTRS1964

Improved electrode gives high-quality biological recordings

To obtain high quality waveforms from a subject engaged in physical activity, an improved electrode assembly has been devised. This consists of a cup containing an electrically conductive paste and a silver electrode. The paste maintains contact between the skin and the plate.

Day, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1965

Plated nickel wire mesh makes superior catalyst bed

Porous nickel mesh screen catalyst bed produces gas evolution in hydrogen peroxide thrust chambers used for attitude control of space vehicles. The nickel wire mesh disks in the catalyst bed are plated in rugose form with a silver-gold coating.

Sill, M.↗
NASA NTRS1966

Telescoping of instrumentation tubing eliminates swaging

Short sections of stainless steel tubing of slide-fit sizes fitted together and silver-soldered at the junctions form small-diameter tubing assemblies with accurately stepped-down dimensions. This method of fabrication eliminates the costly swaging operations formerly used.

Mc Clellan, E. L.↗
NASA NTRS1966

Differential expansion provides pressure for diffusion bonding of large diameter rings

External pressure band is used to bond aluminum alloy collars to large diameter, stainless steel rings. The band contracts while cooling and exerts pressure on the joint between the silver plated surfaces of the ring and collar which expand toward the band. This diffusion bonding by differential expansion minimizes aluminum deformation.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1966

Device removes hydrogen gas from enclosed spaces

Hydrogen-oxidant galvanic cell removes small amounts of hydrogen gas continually released from equipment, such as vented silver-zinc batteries, in enclosed compartments where air venting is not feasible. These cells are used in satellite compartments.

Carson, W. N.↗