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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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A Two-plane Six-component Balance
Two-plane strain gauge balance for wind tunnel applications
Metabolic heat balances in working men wearing liquid-cooled sealed clothing.
Liquid cooled space suit for metabolic heat balancing during lunar exploration
Characteristics of a new type balance for wind-tunnel models
Internal sting, six component, strain gauge balance to measure aerodynamic forces on wind tunnel test models
The Physical and Chemical Properties of Human Sweat and Factors Affecting the Water Balance in Confined Spaces Semiannual Status Report No. 2, 1 Jan. - 30 Jun. 1966
Physical and chemical properties of human sweat and factors affecting water balance in confined spaces
On balance equations for heterogeneous continua.
Balance equations for heterogeneous continua - substances consisting of many distinct, possibly interacting constituents derived from classical continuum physics viewpoint
Studies related to the design of a magnetic suspension and balance system Interim technical report, Dec. 1964 - Jan. 1966
Magnetic suspension and balance system for use in hypersonic flow apparatus
Full pressure suit heat balance studies
Thermal balance between heat removal and metabolic rate in pressurized Gemini G2-C full pressure suit at two barometric pressures
The physical and chemical properties of human sweat and factors affecting the water balance in confined spaces Semi-annual status report, no. 3, 1 Jul. - 31 Dec. 1966
Physical and chemical properties of human sweat and factors affecting water balance in confined spaces
A diagnostic balance model for studies of weather systems of low and high latitudes /Rossby number less than 1/
Diagnostic balance model for small Rossby numbers applicable to studies of weather systems of high and low latitudes
The design and construction of floating- element skin-friction balances for use at 50 deg to 150 deg F
Design and construction of floating element skin friction balances
Balancing Considerations for Rocket Vehicles and Components
Balancing operations for rocket vehicles and payloads, defining terms, establishing relation between static and dynamic imbalance and flight vehicle motions, etc
Study of heat balance in full pressure suits.
Heat balance and ventilation of human body in pressure suit
Geostrophic balance with a full Coriolis Force: implications for low latitutde studies
In its standard form, geostrophic balance uses a partial representation of the Coriolis force. The resulting formation has a singularity at the equator, and violates mass and momentum conservation. When the horizontal projection of the planetary rotation vector is considered, the singularity at the equator disappears, continuity can be preserved, and quasigeostrophy can be formulated at planetary scale.
Extent of Low-accumulation 'Wind Glaze' Areas on the East Antarctic Plateau: Implications for Continental Ice Mass Balance
Persistent katabatic winds form widely distributed localized areas of near-zero net surface accumulation on the East Antarctic ice sheet (EAIS) plateau. These areas have been called 'glaze' surfaces due to their polished appearance. They are typically 2-200 square kilometers in area and are found on leeward slopes of ice-sheet undulations and megadunes. Adjacent, leeward high-accumulation regions (isolated dunes) are generally smaller and do not compensate for the local low in surface mass balance (SMB). We use a combination of satellite remote sensing and field-gathered datasets to map the extent of wind glaze in the EAIS above 1500m elevation. Mapping criteria are derived from distinctive surface and subsurface characteristics of glaze areas resulting from many years of intense annual temperature cycling without significant burial. Our results show that 11.2 plus or minus 1.7%, or 950 plus or minus 143 x 10(exp 3) square kilometers, of the EAIS above 1500m is wind glaze. Studies of SMB interpolate values across glaze regions, leading to overestimates of net mass input. Using our derived wind-glaze extent, we estimate this excess in three recent models of Antarctic SMB at 46-82 Gt. The lowest-input model appears to best match the mean in regions of extensive wind glaze.
Force Balance at the Magnetopause Determined with MMS: Application to Flux Transfer Events
The Magnetospheric Multiscale mission (MMS) consists of four identical spacecraft forming a closely separated (less than or equal to 10 km) and nearly regular tetrahedron. This configuration enables the decoupling of spatial and temporal variations and allows the calculation of the spatial gradients of plasma and electromagnetic field quantities. We make full use of the well cross-calibrated MMS magnetometers and fast plasma instruments measurements to calculate both the magnetic and plasma forces in flux transfer events (FTEs) and evaluate the relative contributions of different forces to the magnetopause momentum variation. This analysis demonstrates that some but not all FTEs, consistent with previous studies, are indeed force-free structures in which the magnetic pressure force balances the magnetic curvature force. Furthermore, we contrast these events with FTE events that have non-force-free signatures.
Comparison of two Calibrations of NASA's MC60 Five-component Semi-span Balance
Two separate manual calibrations of NASA’s MC60 five–component semi–span balance were compared. The calibrations were performed in 1999 and 2019using CALSPAN Force Measurement System’s Large Load Rig. The Iterative Method was chosen as the load prediction algorithm and data reduction matrices were generated from both calibration data sets. Then, the applied calibration load schedules, the standard deviations of the calibration load residuals, the prime sensitivities of the five gages, and the maximum outputs at capacity of the five gages were compared. In addition, the calibration data of 1999 was used as check load data for the data reduction matrix that was obtained from the 2019 data. Overall, the agreement between the data analysis results is very good considering the facts that two different load schedules were used for the calibrations, different people performed the calibrations, different instrumentation was used to measure the loads and the outputs, the Large Load Rig was moved to a different site in between the calibrations, and no tare load corrections could be applied to the 1999 data set. Nevertheless, the calibration data of 2019 is clearly the better data set. This observation is no surprise considering that CALSPAN Force Measurement Systems made significant investments in calibration hardware and process improvements during the last 20 years.
The Simulation and Subseasonal Forecasting of Hydrological Variables: Insights from a Simple Water Balance Model
Past work has shown that a land surface model’s (LSM’s) implicit (not explicitly coded) relationships between soil moisture and both evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff largely determine the LSM’s hydrological behavior. Here we estimate the relationships that appear to be operating in the real world and compare them to those of the LSM component of a state-of-the-art Earth system model (ESM). The two sets of relationships are determined by calibrating them within a simple water balance model (WBM): once using stream gauge observations from small, unregulated rivers over the eastern half of the U.S., and once using the runoffs generated by the LSM as part of a state-of-the-art atmospheric reanalysis. Hydrological simulations and subseasonal hydrological forecasts performed with the two calibrated versions of the WBM provide two key results. First, the version calibrated to the LSM-generated runoffs does successfully reproduce, to first order, the hydrological behavior of the full LSM within its ESM environment. Second, of the two WBM versions, the one calibrated to the observations reproduces more accurately a broad collection of fully independent streamflow observations as well as a similarly broad collection of in-situ soil moisture measurements. Taken together, the two results suggest that the observations-calibrated ET and runoff efficiency functions do successfully represent, at least to some degree, soil moisture controls over hydrological variability in Nature and can serve as potentially useful targets for further LSM development.