VIPER Rover Overview and Mobility and Hardware
Presentation of VIPER Rover Overview, Mobility and Hardware at Technology Infusion Panel at STMD Lunar Surface Innovation Consortium
viper↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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ChemCam for Mars Science Laboratory rover, undergoing pre-flight testing
Los Alamos National Laboratory and partners developed a laser instrument, ChemCam, that will ride on the elevated mast of the Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity. The system allows Curiosity to "zap" rocks from a distance, reading their chemical composition through spectroscopic analysis. In this video, laboratory shaker-table testing of the instrument ensures that all of its components are solidly attached and resistant to damage from the rigors of launch, travel and landing.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Grain Properties at Namib and High Dunes, Bagnold Dune Field, Gale Crater, Mars: A Synthesis of Curiosity Rover Observations: Bagnold Dune Sands Composition
The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover performed coordinated measurements to examine the textures and compositions of aeolian sands in the active Bagnold dune field. The Bagnold sands are rounded to subrounded, very fine- to medium- sized (~45-500 µm) with ≥6 distinct grain colors. In contrast to sands examined by Curiosity in a dust-covered, inactive bedform called Rocknest and soils at other landing sites, Bagnold sands are darker, less red, better sorted, have fewer silt-sized or smaller grains, and show no evidence for cohesion. Nonetheless, Bagnold mineralogy and Rocknest mineralogy are similar with plagioclase, olivine, and pyroxenes in similar proportions comprising >90% of crystalline phases, along with a substantial amorphous component (35% ± 15%). Yet, Bagnold and Rocknest bulk chemistry differ. Bagnold sands are Si-enriched relative to other soils at Gale crater, and H 2 O, S, and Cl are lower relative to all previously measured martian soils and most Gale crater rocks. Mg, Ni, Fe, and Mn are enriched in the coarse-sieved fraction of Bagnold sands, corroborated by VNIR spectra that suggest enrichment of olivine. Together, patterns in major element chemistry and volatile release data indicate two distinctive volatile reservoirs in martian soils: (1) amorphous components in the sand-sized fraction (represented by Bagnold) that are Si-enriched, hydroxylated alteration products and/or impact or volcanic glasses; and (2) amorphous components in the fine fraction (<40 µm; represented by Rocknest and other bright soils) that are Fe-, S-, and Cl-enriched with low Si and adsorbed and structural H 2 O.
58 GEOSCIENCES↗
Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER) for Medical Students
We describe the implementation of a novel virtual educational program for medical students, Radiation Oncology Virtual Education Rotation (ROVER), and its effect on student interest and knowledge in radiation oncology.
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
The Curiosity Rover's Exploration of Glen Torridon, Gale Crater, Mars: An Overview of the Campaign and Scientific Results
The Mars Science Laboratory rover, Curiosity, explored the clay mineral-bearing Glen Torridon region for 1 Martian year between January 2019 and January 2021, including a short campaign onto the Greenheugh pediment. The Glen Torridon campaign sought to characterize the geology of the area, seek evidence of habitable environments, and document the onset of a potentially global climatic transition during the Hesperian era. Curiosity roved 5 km in total throughout Glen Torridon, from the Vera Rubin ridge to the northern margin of the Greenheugh pediment. Curiosity acquired samples from 11 drill holes during this campaign and conducted the first Martian thermochemolytic-based organics detection experiment with the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument suite. The lowest elevations within Glen Torridon represent a continuation of lacustrine Murray formation deposits, but overlying widespread cross bedded sandstones indicate an interval of more energetic fluvial environments and prompted the definition of a new stratigraphic formation in the Mount Sharp group called the Carolyn Shoemaker formation. Glen Torridon hosts abundant phyllosilicates yet remains compositionally and mineralogically comparable to the rest of the Mount Sharp group. Glen Torridon samples have a great diversity and abundance of sulfur-bearing organic molecules, which are consistent with the presence of ancient refractory organic matter. The Glen Torridon region experienced heterogeneous diagenesis, with the most striking alteration occurring just below the Siccar Point unconformity at the Greenheugh pediment. Results from the pediment campaign show that the capping sandstone formed within the Stimson Hesperian aeolian sand sea that experienced seasonal variations in wind direction.
58 GEOSCIENCES↗
Corundum Discovered by SuperCam and the Perseverance Rover at Jezero Crater, Mars
Minerals provide clues to the type of geologic environments in which they form. The primary types of minerals that have been identified on Mars indicate a history dominated by volcanism followed by interaction with water. However, other minerals are sometimes found. Here we present results from the SuperCam instrument on the Perseverance rover in which the mineral corundum (α-Al2O3) has been identified using a technique called time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy. Corundum has a unique light-emitting (luminescence) feature based on two well-known peaks as well as the time it takes for this light to fade after being excited by a laser, which is referred to as the lifetime. Corundum forms in specific environments that are enriched in aluminum and depleted in silicon and have been subjected to high temperature and pressure. Such places include deep subsurface magmas or shallower locations that have been exposed to high temperature through tectonic processes or meteorite impacts. Given their small size, association with a mineral called plagioclase, and location on the heavily impacted crater rim, we propose that these corundum minerals formed through impact processes.
58 GEOSCIENCES↗
Rxn Rover: automation of chemical reactions with user-friendly, modular software
Automation of chemical reactions through tools such as Rxn Rover in research and development is an enabling technology to reduce cost and waste management in technology transformations towards renewable feedstocks and energy in the chemical industry.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
ROVER
ROVER Is an application for distributed-memory volume rendering and simulated radiography focused on many-core architectures (e.g., GPU, CPU, and MIC). Volume rendering, also known as volume visualization, is a commonly used scientific visualization algorithm that enables users to visualize an entire scalar field at once by mapping scalar values to colors and transparency. Simulated radiography Is a generalization of the volume rendering algorithm from four color channels (I.e., red, green, blue, and transparency) to an arbitrary number of channels representing material opacities in discrete energy groups, measured In electron volts.
Larsen, Matthew↗
Ultra-high-precision alignment of the elastomerically mounted elements of the science camera lenses for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover
Cameras built for space exploration are required to meet stringent environmental conditions, such as thermal and dynamic loads for both the optics (camera lens) and imaging electronics. On a multitude of spaceborne imaging instruments, optical elements are supported in their mounts via an elastomeric bonding approach using a room temperature vulcanizing silicone as the bonding agent. Employing this integration method, we achieved element-to-element alignment, measured as the total indicated runout, using a high-precision contact probe to be on the order of half a wavelength of He-Ne laser light, or 0.3 {mu}m, on the Malin Space Science Systems lenses for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) cameras. This is a higher precision than the current industry state-of-the-art, and it was achieved for the very challenging small diameter lens elements. This paper describes the design philosophy, implementation, and integration method that resulted in achieving this level of precision for interelement alignment. The results are based on actual measurements that were made during the process of building the MSL rover's science camera lenses, namely Mastcams, the Mars Hand Lens Imager, and the Mars Descent Imager. The optical designs of these cameras lenses are described in detail in [Opt. Eng.48, 103002 (2009)10.1117/1.3251343], while further information on the four science cameras can be found at http://www.msss.com.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
ATDM Rover Milestone Report STDA02-1 (FY2017 Q4)
We have successfully completed the MS-4/Y1 Milestone STDA02-1 for the Rover Project. This document describes the milestone and provides an overview of the technical details and artifacts of the milestone. This milestone is focused on building a GPU accelerated ray tracing package capable of doing multi-group radiography, both back-lit and with self-emission as well as serving as a volume rendering plot in VisIt and other VTK-based visualization tools. The long term goal is a package with in-situ capability, but for this first version integration into VisIt is the primary goal. Milestone Execution Plan: Create API for GPU Raytracer that supports multi-group transport (up to hundreds of groups); Implement components into one or more of: VTK-m, VisIt, and a new library/package implementation to be hosted on LLNL Bitbucket (initially), before releasing to the wider community.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
ROVER ATDM Milestone Report
Implement a higher-order hardware accelerated volume rendering and multi-group radiography capability in ROVER based on the MFEM finite element library. Explore adding single scattering to the renderer.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
Comparative Analysis and Synthesis of Schemes of Balanced Suspension of Planetary Rovers with Autonomous Control
The passive suspension of a six-wheeled self-propelled chassis is analyzed in terms of the influence of its kinematic and geometric parameters on the configuration, cross-country ability, and static stability of low-speed autonomous planetary rovers. The results of the synthesis of a new suspension scheme for a four-wheeled chassis are presented.
42 ENGINEERING↗
Development of visual, contact and decision subsystems for a Mars rover, July 1966 - January 1967
Visual, contact, and decision subsystems for Mars rover
DECISION MAKING↗
A proposed obstacle sensor for a Mars rover
Injection laser range finder with avalanche photodiode for Mars rover obstacle sensing, discussing range data processing methods
Kuriger, W. L.↗
Objectives and requirements of unmanned rover exploration of the moon
Unmanned lunar rover exploration objectives and requirements, considering heterogeneous surface
Conel, J. E.↗
Lunar and planetary rover concepts.
Roving vehicle systems and concepts which evolved from lunar mission and mission studies, as well as from Martian mission studies, are discussed. Additional planetary mission applications for rovers and other remotely manned systems are briefly described. These mission include such targets as Venus, the natural satellites of some planets, and selected asteroids.
Moore, J. W.↗
Tracking the Apollo Lunar Rover with interferometry techniques.
Apollo 16 and 17 Lunar Rover position history while transporting astronauts over the lunar surface has been determined to a resolution of better than 1 m and uncertainties of less than 25 m utilizing a specialized very-long baseline interferometry (VLBI) tracking technique. This paper describes the technique, discusses the National Aeronautics and Space Administration worldwide tracking system used to obtain data, discusses the data, and presents results.
Salzberg, I. M.↗
Accuracy estimate of the laser rangefinder for Mars rover
A method was developed to determine the accuracy of a rangefinder when errors exist due to the test setup. An analytic procedure was developed to evaluate actual data from a test performed on the laser rangefinder for the Mars rover project.
Ostroski, T.↗