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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 739 records · Page 41
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Conversion of Nuclear Waste into Nuclear Waste Glass: Experimental Investigation and Mathematical Modeling

The melter feed, slurry, or calcine charged on the top of a pool of molten glass forms a floating layer of reacting material called the cold cap. Between the cold-cap top, which is covered with boiling slurry, and its bottom, where bubbles separate it from molten glass, the temperature changes by up to 1000 K. The processes that occur over this temperature interval within the cold cap include liberation of gases, conduction and consumption of heat, dissolution of quartz particles, formation and dissolution of intermediate crystalline phases, and generation of foam and gas cavities. These processes have been investigated using thermal analyses, optical and electronic microscopies, x-ray diffraction, as well as other techniques. Properties of the reacting feed, such as heat conductivity and density, were measured as functions of temperature. Investigating the structure of quenched cold caps produced in a laboratory-scale melter complemented the crucible studies. The cold cap consists of two main layers. The top layer contains solid particles dissolving in the glass-forming melt and open pores through which gases are escaping. The bottom layer contains bubbly melt or foam where bubbles coalesce into larger cavities that move sideways and release the gas to the atmosphere. The feed-to-glass conversion became sufficiently understood for representing the cold-cap processes via mathematical models. These models, which comprise heat transfer, mass transfer, and reaction kinetics models, have been developed with the final goal to relate feed parameters to the rate of glass melting.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2017

Nuclear Data Sheets for A=258☆

Spectroscopic data for A=258 nuclides have been updated and re-evaluated, superseding the data presented in the previous evaluation 2001Ak11 published by Y.A. Akovali. The excited state data for A=258 nuclei are largely unknown. With the exception of three low-energy gamma rays in {sup 258}Db from {sup 262}Bh α decay, no other gamma-ray data are available for A=258 nuclei.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Spectral Element Applications in Complex Nuclear Reactor Geometries: Tet-to-Hex Meshing

The spectral element code Nek5000 is an open-source, higher-order computational fluid dynamics code developed at Argonne National Laboratory. It is designed to solve incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, but it also has a low-Mach-number approximation feature available. Large eddy simulation is approached by explicit filtering of the velocity field (and other fields) to mimic the effect of dissipation due to the unresolved scale. The computational domain is decomposed into second-order hexahedral elements that conform to the boundaries. However, generating a high-quality pure-hexahedral mesh can be challenging for some problems. For simple geometries, traditional blocking methods can be used to decompose the domain into smaller blocks to generate a so-called structural mesh. A structural mesh can maintain good orthogonality but can have a highly skewed mesh to conform to the geometry, as well as unnecessary refinement in the far field. Moreover, for geometries with relative complexity, blocking the geometry becomes impossible. To address these issues, we adopted a let-to-hex strategy to generate a pure hexahedral mesh for Nek5000. First, we generate a pure tetrahedral mesh for the geometry; then we divide one tetrahedral element into four hexahedral elements. A pure tetrahedral mesh could be easily generated for complex geometries by using many current meshing codes. In this paper, we use the commercial codes ANSYS meshing and ANSYSICEM to generate the pure tetrahedral mesh and then convert it to a pure hexahedral mesh. Boundary layers are extruded in ANSYSICEM to maintain near-wall resolution.

ANSYS ICEM↗
DOE OSTI2013

New insights into the nuclear structure in neutron-rich 112,114,115,116,117,118Pd

New level schemes of 112,114,115,116,117,118Pd are established by means of ?–?–??–?–?, ?–?–?–??–?–?–? and ?–?(0)?–?(0) measurements of prompt fission y rays from 252Cf using the Gammasphere multi-detector array. Spins/parities were assigned to levels based on ?–??–? angular correlation measurements, level systematics and decay patterns. In the even-N isotopes 112,114,116Pd, two sets of odd-parity bands were identified and extended with spins measured in each band. The odd-parity bands with large level staggerings were interpreted as disturbed chirality with less pronounced triaxial deformations in the Pd isotopes than observed in the chiral symmetry breaking 110,112Ru with maximum triaxiality. Onset of wobbling motion was identified from the sign of the signature splitting in the ? band of even–even 114Pd, and probably also in 116Pd, as first seen in the N=68N=68 isotone 112Ru. Maximal triaxiality in Ru and Pd isotopes is found to be reached for N=68N=68, 112Ru and 114Pd, 4 neutrons more than predicted in the theoretical calculations. The new data and TRS calculations allowed a systematic study of the band crossings in the even-N112,114,116Pd and odd-N115,117Pd isotopes. Now we find a new overall, more complex shape evolution than previously proposed from triaxial prolate in 110Pd via triaxial oblate in 112Pd to nearly oblate in 114,116Pd with a large change of the triaxial deformation parameter y toward nearly oblate in the (pi g 9/2)2 alignment in 114,115,116,117,118Pd, and triaxial-prolate–triaxial-oblate shape coexisting bands in 115Pd.

112,114,115,116,117,118Pd↗