A fortran program for analysis of spin zero elastic scattering with the nuclear optical model
Fortran program for elastic scattering of spin- zero particles from atomic nucleus
FORTRAN↗
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Results for “Spin model”
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Spin dynamics of the generalized quantum spin compass chain
Here we calculate the dynamical spin structure factor of the generalized spin-1/2 compass spin chain using the density matrix renormalization group. The model, also known as the twisted Kitaev spin chain, was recently proposed to be relevant for the description of the spin chain compound CoNb 2 O 6 . It features bond-dependent interactions and interpolates between an Ising chain and a one-dimensional variant of Kitaev's honeycomb spin model. The structure factor, in turn, is found to interpolate from gapped and nondispersive in the Ising limit to gapless with nontrivial continua in the Kitaev limit. In particular, the component of the structure factor perpendicular to the Ising directions changes abruptly at the Kitaev point into a dispersionless continuum due to the emergence of an extensive ground-state degeneracy. We show this continuum is consistent with analytical Jordan-Wigner results. We also discuss implications for future inelastic scattering experiments and applications to materials, particularly CoNb 2 O 6 .
1-dimensional spin chains↗
Asymptotic Behavior of Memristive Circuits
The interest in memristors has risen due to their possible application both as memory units and as computational devices in combination with CMOS. This is in part due to their nonlinear dynamics, and a strong dependence on the circuit topology. We provide evidence that also purely memristive circuits can be employed for computational purposes. In the present paper we show that a polynomial Lyapunov function in the memory parameters exists for the case of DC controlled memristors. Such a Lyapunov function can be asymptotically approximated with binary variables, and mapped to quadratic combinatorial optimization problems. This also shows a direct parallel between memristive circuits and the Hopfield-Little model. In the case of Erdos-Renyi random circuits, we show numerically that the distribution of the matrix elements of the projectors can be roughly approximated with a Gaussian distribution, and that it scales with the inverse square root of the number of elements. This provides an approximated but direct connection with the physics of disordered system and, in particular, of mean field spin glasses. Using this and the fact that the interaction is controlled by a projector operator on the loop space of the circuit. We estimate the number of stationary points of the approximate Lyapunov function and provide a scaling formula as an upper bound in terms of the circuit topology only.
97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
Testing the Muon g-2 Anomaly at the LHC
The long-standing difference between the experimental measurement and the standard-model prediction for the muon's anomalous magnetic moment, $a_{\mu} = (g_{\mu}-2)/2$, may be explained by the presence of new weakly interacting particles with masses of a few 100 GeV. Particles of this kind can generally be directly produced at the LHC, and thus they may already be constrained by existing data. In this work, we investigate this connection between $a_{\mu}$ and the LHC in a model-independent approach, by introducing one or two new fields beyond the standard model with spin and weak isospin up to one. For each case, we identify the preferred parameter space for explaining the discrepancy of a_mu and derive bounds using data from LEP and the 8-TeV LHC run. Furthermore, we estimate how these limits could be improved with the 14-TeV LHC. We find that the 8-TeV results already rule out a subset of our simplified models, while almost all viable scenarios can be tested conclusively with 14-TeV data.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Maximum magnitude in bias-dependent spin accumulation signals of CoFe/MgO/Si on insulator devices
We study in detail how the bias voltage (V{sub bias}) and interface resistance (RA) depend on the magnitude of spin accumulation signals (|ΔV| or |ΔV|/I, where I is current) as detected by three-terminal Hanle measurements in CoFe/MgO/Si on insulator (SOI) devices with various MgO layer thicknesses and SOI carrier densities. We find the apparent maximum magnitude of spin polarization as a function of V{sub bias} and the correlation between the magnitude of spin accumulation signals and the shape of differential conductance (dI/dV) curves within the framework of the standard spin diffusion model. All of the experimental results can be explained by taking into account the density of states (DOS) in CoFe under the influence of the applied V{sub bias} and the quality of MgO tunnel barrier. These results indicate that it is important to consider the DOS of the ferromagnetic materials under the influence of an applied V{sub bias} and the quality of tunnel barrier when observing large spin accumulation signals in Si.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Scaling functions for eigenstate entanglement crossovers in harmonic lattices
For quantum matter, eigenstate entanglement entropies obey an area law or log-area law at low energies and small subsystem sizes and cross over to volume laws for high energies and large subsystems. This transition is captured by crossover functions, which assume a universal scaling form in quantum critical regimes. We demonstrate this for the harmonic lattice model, which describes quantized lattice vibrations and is a regularization for free scalar field theories, modeling, e.g., spin-0 bosonic particles. In one dimension, the ground-state entanglement obeys a log-area law. For dimensions d ≥ 2, it displays area laws, even at criticality. The distribution of excited-state entanglement entropies is found to be sharply peaked around subsystem entropies of corresponding thermodynamic ensembles in accordance with the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. Numerically, we determine crossover scaling functions for the quantum critical regime of the model and do a large-deviation analysis. We show how infrared singularities of the system can be handled and how to access the thermodynamic limit using a perturbative trick for the covariance matrix. Eigenstates for quasi-free bosonic systems are not Gaussian. Here, we resolve this problem by considering appropriate squeezed states instead. For these, entanglement entropies can be evaluated efficiently.
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
Possible bicollinear nematic state with monoclinic lattice distortions in iron telluride compounds
Here, iron telluride (FeTe) is known to display bicollinear magnetic order at low temperatures together with a monoclinic lattice distortion. Because the bicollinear order can involve two different wave vectors (π/2,π/2) and (π/2,–π/2), symmetry considerations allow for the possible stabilization of a nematic state with short-range bicollinear order coupled to monoclinic lattice distortions at a T S higher than the temperature T N where long-range bicollinear order fully develops. As a concrete example, the three-orbital spin-fermion model for iron telluride is studied with an additional coupling ˜λ 12 between the monoclinic lattice strain and an orbital-nematic order parameter with B 2 g symmetry. Monte Carlo simulations show that with increasing ˜λ 12 the first-order transition characteristic of FeTe splits and bicollinear nematicity is stabilized in a (narrow) temperature range. In this new regime, the lattice is monoclinically distorted and short-range spin and orbital order breaks rotational invariance. A discussion of possible realizations of this exotic state is provided.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Bicollinear antiferromagnetic order, monoclinic distortion, and reversed resistivity anisotropy in FeTe as a result of spin-lattice coupling
The bicollinear antiferromagnetic order experimentally observed in FeTe is shown to be stabilized by the coupling g ~ 12 between monoclinic lattice distortions and the spin-nematic order parameter with B 2g symmetry, within a three-orbital spin-fermion model studied with Monte Carlo techniques. A finite but small value of g ~ 12 is required, with a concomitant lattice distortion compatible with experiments, and a tetragonal-monoclinic transition strongly first order. Remarkably, the bicollinear state found here displays a planar resistivity with the reversed puzzling anisotropy discovered in transport experiments. Orthorhombic distortions are also incorporated, and phase diagrams interpolating between pnictides and chalcogenides are presented. Here, we conclude that the spin-lattice coupling we introduce is sufficient to explain the challenging properties of FeTe.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
First-principles and model simulation of all-optical spin reversal
All-optical spin switching is a potential trailblazer for information storage and communication at an unprecedented fast rate free of magnetic fields. However, the current wisdom is largely based on semiempirical models of effective magnetic fields and heat pulses, so it is difficult to provide high-speed design protocols for actual devices. In this paper we carry out a massively parallel first-principles and model calculation for 13 spin systems and magnetic layers, free of any effective field, to establish a simpler and alternative paradigm of laser-induced ultrafast spin reversal and to point out a path to a full-integrated photospintronic device. It is the interplay of the optical selection rule and sublattice spin orderings that underlines seemingly irreconcilable helicity-dependent and -independent switchings. Using realistic experimental parameters, we predict that strong ferrimagnets, in particular, Laves phase C15 rare-earth alloys, meet the telecommunication energy requirement of 10 fJ, thus allowing a cost-effective subpicosecond laser to switch spin in the gigahertz region.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Scaling behavior of spin gap of the bond alternating anisotropic spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain
Scaling behavior of spin gap of a bond alternating spin-1/2 anisotropic Heisenberg chain has been studied both in ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) cases. Spin gap has been estimated by using exact diagonalization technique. All those quantities have been obtained for a region of anisotropic parameter Δ defined by 0≤Δ≤1. Spin gap is found to develop as soon as the non-uniformity in the alternating bond strength is introduced in the AFM regime which furthermore sustains in the FM regime as well. Scaling behavior of the spin gap has been studied by introducing scaling exponent. The variation of scaling exponents with Δ is fitted with a regular function.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Three-dimensional checkerboard spin structure on a breathing pyrochlore lattice
The standard approach to realize a spin-liquid state is through magnetically frustrated states, relying on ingredients such as the lattice geometry, dimensionality, and magnetic interaction type of the spins. While Heisenberg spins on a pyrochlore lattice with only antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interactions are theoretically proven disordered, spins in real systems generally include longer-range interactions. The spatial correlations at longer distances typically stabilize a long-range order rather than enhancing a spin-liquid state. Both states can, however, be destroyed by short-range static correlations introduced by chemical disorder. Here, using disorder-free specimens with a clear long-range antiferromagnetic order, we refine the spin structure of the Heisenberg spinel ZnFe 2 O 4 through neutron magnetic diffraction. The unique wave vector (1, 0, $\frac{1}{2}$) leads to a spin structure that can be viewed as alternatively stacked ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic tetrahedra in a three-dimensional checkerboard form. Stable coexistence of these opposing types of clusters is enabled by the bipartite breathing pyrochlore crystal structure, leading to a second-order phase transition at 10 K. The diffraction intensity of ZnFe 2 O 4 is an exact complement to the inelastic scattering intensity of several chromate spinel systems which are regarded as model classical spin liquids. Our results challenge this attribution, and suggest instead of the six-spin ring mode, spin excitations in chromate spinels are closely related to the (1, 0, $\frac{1}{2}$) type of spin order and the four-spin ferromagnetic cluster locally at one tetrahedron.
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
Nuclear relativistic hartree-fock approximation with effective pions
The effect of an interaction between the {sigma}- and {pi}-meson fields, as well as that of the mixture of pseudoscalar (PS) and pseudovector (PV) couplings for the {pi}N vertex on the shell structure of finite nuclei are analyzed in the framework of different nonlinear nuclearmodels based on the relativistic Hartree-Fock approximation. For the case of a dominant {pi}N PV coupling, it is found that if the {sigma}-{pi} interaction generates an effective pion mass increasing with the nuclear density, the unrealistic effect of pions on the shell structure can be strongly reduced, keeping, roughly, the contribution of pions to the total binding energy. The {pi}N PS coupling increases slightly the spin-orbit splittings and the binding energy of the single-particle levels.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Correlating spin transport and electrode magnetization in a graphene spin valve: Simultaneous magnetic microscopy and non-local measurements
Using simultaneous magnetic force microscopy and transport measurements of a graphene spin valve, we correlate the non-local spin signal with the magnetization of the device electrodes. The imaged magnetization states corroborate the influence of each electrode within a one-dimensional spin transport model and provide evidence linking domain wall pinning to additional features in the transport signal.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Effects of lanthanum dopants on the Curie–Weiss and the local order behaviors for Pb{sub 1−x}La{sub x}(Fe{sub 2/3}W{sub 1/3}){sub 0.7}Ti{sub 0.3}O{sub 3} relaxor ferroelectrics
Graphical abstract: The local order as a function of temperature by using (a) the spin-glass model and (b) the modified-Landau theory for Pb{sub 1−x}La{sub x}(Fe{sub 2/3}W{sub 1/3}){sub 0.7}Ti{sub 0.3}O{sub 3} ceramics with different amounts of lanthanum dopants. Display Omitted Highlights: ► The effects of La are investigated for Pb{sub 1−x}La{sub x}(Fe{sub 2/3}W{sub 1/3}){sub 0.7}Ti{sub 0.3}O{sub 3} ceramics. ► La can change their dielectric properties and ordering state. ► The spin glassy behaviors and the freezing process are also affected by La. ► The response mechanisms of La are proposed for the local polarization behavior. -- Abstract: The effects of lanthanum dopants are investigated on the dielectric responses for Pb{sub 1−x}La{sub x}(Fe{sub 2/3}W{sub 1/3}){sub 0.7}Ti{sub 0.3}O{sub 3} ceramics. According to the experimental data and fitting results, it is concluded that the dielectric characteristics are changed from a long-range-ordered (LRO) ferroelectric state to a short-range-ordered (SRO) relaxor by increasing the amounts of lanthanum dopants. Furthermore, the spin glassy behaviors and the freezing process of local polarizations are not only affected by the ordering degree of B-site cations but also affected by the defect polar pairs. Their response mechanisms are proposed that the growth of the 1:1 ordered domain Pb{sub 1−x}La{sub x}(Fe{sub 1/2}W{sub 1/2})O{sub 3} is impeded since its charge imbalance is enhanced by increasing the amounts of lanthanum dopants, and the defect polar pairs of lead, tungsten and oxygen vacancy are induced by the pyrochlore phase, PbWO{sub 4} or Pb{sub 0.99}La{sub 0.01}WO{sub 4}, when the amount of lanthanum dopants exceed 5 mol.%.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Inertial effect on spin–orbit coupling and spin transport
We theoretically study the renormalization of inertial effects on the spin dependent transport of conduction electrons in a semiconductor by taking into account the interband mixing on the basis of k{sup →}⋅p{sup →} perturbation theory. In our analysis, for the generation of spin current we have used the extended Drude model where the spin–orbit coupling plays an important role. We predict enhancement of the spin current resulting from the renormalized spin–orbit coupling effective in our model in cubic and non-cubic crystals. Attention has been paid to clarify the importance of gauge fields in the spin transport of this inertial system. A theoretical proposition of a perfect spin filter has been done through the Aharonov–Casher like phase corresponding to this inertial system. For a time dependent acceleration, effect of k{sup →}⋅p{sup →} perturbation on the spin current and spin polarization has also been addressed. Furthermore, achievement of a tunable source of polarized spin current through the non uniformity of the inertial spin–orbit coupling strength has also been discussed. -- Highlights: •Study of the renormalization of inertial spin dependent transport of electrons. •Enhancement of the spin current due to the renormalized spin–orbit coupling. •A theoretical proposition of a perfect spin filter. •For a time dependent acceleration, spin current, spin polarization is addressed.
74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for weakly-interacting-massive-particle (WIMP) dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third generation quarks and missing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at sqrt(s)=13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant deviation from the background prediction is observed. The results are interpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark matter mediators. For colour-neutral spin-0 mediators decaying into a pair of dark matter particles, signals with scalar mediator masses below 50 GeV in top quark final states are excluded, assuming a dark matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. For bottom quark final states 300 times the value of the production cross section for signals with scalar and pseudoscalar mediator masses between 10 and 50 GeV are excluded, assuming a dark matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour-charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding to a dark matter relic density consistent with measurements.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Search for spin-orbit-force reduction at {sup 106,108}Zr around r-process path
Shell gap at the magic number N= 82 is important to reproduce the 2nd peak of r-process abundance. If a spin-orbit force is reduced in a very neutron-rich region, a shell quenching at N= 82 and a new shell closure at N70 are predicted. A shell evolution by the spin-orbit-force reduction can be searched for through the shape evolution of Zr isotopes around an expected double magic nuclei, {sup 110}Zr(Z = 40,N = 70). We performed {beta}-{gamma} and isomer spectroscopy at RIBF to observe low-lying states in {sup 106,108}Zr. The present results indicate a well deformed shape for {sup 106,108}Zr. The drastic reduction of the spin-orbit force most likely does not occur around {sup 110}Zr on an r-process path.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗