Organic materials for structural applications
Space environment effects on reinforced plastic materials for spacecraft structures
Mauri, R. E.↗
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Results for “spacecraft materials”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Metallic and ceramic materials for structural applications
High strength alloys, refractory metal, and ceramic materials for spacecraft structures
Paqcel, R. W.↗
Communications elements research
Investigating superconducting magnets for X band maser and antenna materials for spacecraft
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Limitations in thermal scale modeling
Thermal scale modeling limitations for radiation- conduction system of unmanned spacecraft, discussing material thermal properties, model dimensions, instrumentation effects and environment simulation
Macgregor, R. K.↗
Subsystem radiation susceptibility analysis for deep-space missions
Scientific, unmanned spacecraft on mission to Jupiter and beyond will be subjected to nuclear radiation from the natural environment and onboard nuclear power sources which may be harmful to subsystems. This report postulates these environments and discusses practical considerations to ensure confidence that the spacecraft's materials and subsystems will withstand the effects of anticipated radiation. Degradation mechanisms are discussed.
West, W. S.↗
The relationship of NASA occupational medicine and environmental health with the Advisory Center on Toxicology
Preventive measures of occupational medicine and industrial hygiene are coordinated to identify toxicities of industrial products and safety standards in manned space flight applications. Emphasized is the off-gassing of construction materials in spacecraft with the resulting contamination of the cabin atmosphere and the establishment of criteria for the quality of drinking water for astronauts during Gemini and Apollo programs.
Wands, R. C.↗
Quartz crystal microbalance contamination monitors on Skylab: A quick look analysis
Six quartz crystal microbalance contamination monitors were flown on Skylab to monitor the deposition of material from spacecraft outgassing and from the rendezvous and docking maneuvers of the Command/Service Module. This report contains a quick-look analysis of the data from these units during the unmanned and manned portions of SL2.
Naumann, R.↗
Breadboard wash water renovation system
A total wash water renovation system concept was developed for removing objectionable materials from spacecraft wash water in order to make the water reusable. The breadboard model system described provides for pretreatment with ferric chloride to remove soap by chemical precipitation, carbon adsorption to remove trace dissolved organics, and ion exchange for removal of dissolved salts. The entire system was put into continuous operation and carefully monitored to assess overall efficiency and equipment maintenance problems that could be expected in actual use. In addition, the capacity of the carbon adsorbers and the ion-exchange resin was calculated and taken into consideration in the final evaluation of the system adequacy. The product water produced was well within the Tentative Wash Water Standards with regard to total organic carbon, conductivity, urea content, sodium chloride content, color, odor, and clarity.
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Further development of the multipactor discharge electron source
A modification to the multipactor electron source used in the study of the behavior of spacecraft insulating materials is described. The electron accelerating system was included within the source, freeing the region between the source and the target of fields produced by the source electrodes.
Nanevicz, J. E.↗
Electrostatic antenna space environment interaction study
The interactions of the electrostatic antenna with the space environment in both low Earth orbit and geosynchronous orbit are investigated. It is concluded that the electrostatically controlled membrane mirror is a viable concept for space applications. However, great care must be taken to enclose the high voltage electrodes in a Faraday cage structure to separate the high voltage region from the ambient plasma. For this reason, metallized cloth is not acceptable as a membrane material. Conventional spacecraft charging at geosynchronous orbit should not be a problem provided ancillary structures (such as booms) are given nonnegligible conductivity and adequate grounding. Power loss due to plasma electrons entering the high field region is a potentially serious problem. In low earth orbit any opening whatever in the Faraday cage is likely to produce an unacceptable power drain.
Katz, I.↗
NASCAP charging calculations for a synchronous orbit satellite
The use of the NASA Charging Analyzer Program (NASCAP) for the computation of spacecraft charge up in the energetic plasma environment of geosynchronous orbits is described. Spacecraft modelling, materials parameters, and NASCAP charging analyses are described. The synchronous orbit plasma environment used in the stress analysis employs a two Maxwellian energy distribution to determine the fluxes. Several NASCAP runs performed to determine the location and magnitude of environmentally induced voltage stresses are analyzed.
Sanders, N. L.↗
Electromagnetic fields produced by simulated spacecraft discharges
The initial phase of a broader, more complete program for the characterization of electrical breakdowns on spacecraft insulating materials is described which consisted of the development of a discharge simulator and characterization facility and the performance of a limited number of discharge measurements to verify the operation of the laboratory setup and to provide preliminary discharge transient field data. A preliminary model of the electromagnetic characteristics of the discharge was developed. It is based upon the "blow off" current model of discharges, with the underlying assumption of a propagating discharge. The laboratory test facility and discharge characterization instrumentation are discussed and the general results of the "quick look" tests are described on quartz solar reflectors aluminized Kapton and silver coated Teflon are described.
Nonevicz, J. E.↗
Prototype Wash Water Renovation System Integration with Government-Furnished Wash Fixture
A total renovation concept for removing objectionable materials from spacecraft wash water to make the water reusable was developed. This concept included ferric chloride pretreatment to coagulate suspended solids such as soap and lint, pressure filtration, and carbon adsorption and ion exchange to remove trace dissolved organics and inorganic salts. A breadboard model which was developed to demonstrate the design adequacy of the various system components and the limits on system capacities and efficiencies.
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Space plasma high-voltage drainage experiment (A0054)
The objectives of this experiment are to place large numbers of dielectric samples under electric stress in space; to determine their in-space current drainage behavior; to recover, inspect, and further test these samples in laboratory facilities; and finally to specify allowable electric stress levels for these materials as applied to solar-array and thermal control coatings for prolonged exposure in space. These findings, in turn, will pace the design of encapsulated, lightweight, high-voltage solar arrays as well as the development of coating materials for spacecraft operation in energetic charged-particle environments such as that experienced at geosynchronous altitudes during magnetic substorms.
Taylor, W. W. L.↗
Toxicological evaluation of the Columbia spacecraft
The toxicology procedures developed for the Space Shuttle program to evaluate and eliminate contaminants in the cabin atmosphere characterized, and results from STS missions 1-5 are reviewed. Shuttle maximum-allowable-concentration standards (SMAC) equal to 10-50 percent of those established for normal 40-h work weeks on the ground have been established for a broad range of substances, and outgassing data are employed in choosing spacecraft construction materials. Gases are removed by the atmospheric revitalization system (CO2-removal bed, catalytic oxidizer, and dehumidifier). Whole-gas and adsorbed-gas samples are employed in ground-based and inflight measurements of contaminants: results are presented in tables. A total of 152 substances, of which 64 were well defined, were detected in STS-1-5. Only the toluene contamination on STS-2 (17 ppm compared to the SMAC of 20 ppm) was considered serious.
Rippstein, W. J., Jr.↗
Space station architectural issues as viewed by the user community - Applications
Potential applications of the proposed space station are briefly examined. Areas considered include communications (bulk traffic, direct broadcast, and assembly of GEO platforms), earth sciences (repair and refurbishment of long-term spacecraft), and materials processing. The importance of developing a comfortable habitat is stressed.
Raney, W. P.↗
Spacecraft Environmental Interactions Technology, 1983
State of the art of environment interactions dealing with low-Earth-orbit plasmas; high-voltage systems; spacecraft charging; materials effects; and direction of future programs are contained in over 50 papers.
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High-Flux Atomic-Oxygen Source
Beams of pure ground-state oxygen atoms produced. Accelerated electrons strike beam of O2 gas in dissociative-attachment region, producing O- ions. O- ions accelerated to desired final energy and pass through photodetachment region to form 0(3P) atoms. These pass between electric field plates to remove O- and e and strike target. Designed specifically to study degradation of materials and spacecraft glow phenomena in low Earth orbits, used to study gas-phase collision phenomena involving energetic oxygen atoms.
Chutjian, A.↗