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At least 721 records · Page 40
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Lu4CdPd by Materials Project

Lu4PdCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Lu sites. In the first Lu site, Lu is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Pd and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Lu–Pd bond lengths are 2.80 Å. All Lu–Cd bond lengths are 3.29 Å. In the second Lu site, Lu is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Pd and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Lu–Pd bond lengths are 2.81 Å. Both Lu–Cd bond lengths are 3.45 Å. In the third Lu site, Lu is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pd and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Lu–Pd bond lengths are 3.46 Å. Both Lu–Cd bond lengths are 3.18 Å. Pd is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Lu atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Lu and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and face-sharing CdLu9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.15 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Tb4CdPd by Materials Project

Tb4PdCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Tb sites. In the first Tb site, Tb is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Pd and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Tb–Pd bond lengths are 2.89 Å. All Tb–Cd bond lengths are 3.40 Å. In the second Tb site, Tb is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Pd and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Tb–Pd bond lengths are 2.88 Å. Both Tb–Cd bond lengths are 3.54 Å. In the third Tb site, Tb is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pd and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Tb–Pd bond lengths are 3.57 Å. Both Tb–Cd bond lengths are 3.29 Å. Pd is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Tb atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Tb and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing CdTb9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.20 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Pr4CdNi by Materials Project

Pr4NiCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Pr sites. In the first Pr site, Pr is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ni and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Pr–Ni bond lengths are 2.91 Å. All Pr–Cd bond lengths are 3.59 Å. In the second Pr site, Pr is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Ni and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Pr–Ni bond lengths are 2.90 Å. Both Pr–Cd bond lengths are 3.60 Å. In the third Pr site, Pr is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ni and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Pr–Ni bond lengths are 3.61 Å. Both Pr–Cd bond lengths are 3.39 Å. Ni is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Pr atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Pr and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing CdPr9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.20 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on La4CdIr by Materials Project

La4IrCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent La sites. In the first La site, La is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ir and three equivalent Cd atoms. All La–Ir bond lengths are 2.96 Å. All La–Cd bond lengths are 3.64 Å. In the second La site, La is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Ir and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both La–Ir bond lengths are 2.95 Å. Both La–Cd bond lengths are 3.67 Å. In the third La site, La is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ir and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both La–Ir bond lengths are 3.64 Å. Both La–Cd bond lengths are 3.43 Å. Ir is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine La atoms. Cd is bonded to nine La and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and face-sharing CdLa9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.27 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Lu4CdIr by Materials Project

Lu4IrCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Lu sites. In the first Lu site, Lu is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ir and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Lu–Ir bond lengths are 2.78 Å. All Lu–Cd bond lengths are 3.38 Å. In the second Lu site, Lu is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Ir and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Lu–Ir bond lengths are 2.76 Å. Both Lu–Cd bond lengths are 3.43 Å. In the third Lu site, Lu is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ir and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Lu–Ir bond lengths are 3.41 Å. Both Lu–Cd bond lengths are 3.20 Å. Ir is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Lu atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Lu and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and face-sharing CdLu9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.09 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y10Cd3Ni by Materials Project

Y10NiCd3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Y sites. In the first Y site, Y is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Cd atoms. All Y–Cd bond lengths are 3.12 Å. In the second Y site, Y is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Y–Cd bond lengths are 3.15 Å. In the third Y site, Y is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Ni and three equivalent Cd atoms. The Y–Ni bond length is 2.75 Å. There are one shorter (3.44 Å) and two longer (3.55 Å) Y–Cd bond lengths. Ni is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Y atoms. Cd is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to ten Y and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.36 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cd3Se by Materials Project

(Cd)2CdSe is alpha Niobium phosphide-like structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Cd sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction and two CdSe sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each Cd sheet, Cd is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Cd atoms. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 2.89 Å. In each CdSe sheet, Cd is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Se atoms. All Cd–Se bond lengths are 2.89 Å. Se is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Cd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ho4CdNi by Materials Project

Ho4NiCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Ho sites. In the first Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ni and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Ho–Ni bond lengths are 2.78 Å. All Ho–Cd bond lengths are 3.39 Å. In the second Ho site, Ho is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Ni and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Ho–Ni bond lengths are 2.78 Å. Both Ho–Cd bond lengths are 3.45 Å. In the third Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ni and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Ho–Ni bond lengths are 3.44 Å. Both Ho–Cd bond lengths are 3.21 Å. Ni is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Ho atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Ho and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing CdHo9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.10 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on La4CdPt by Materials Project

La4PtCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent La sites. In the first La site, La is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Pt and three equivalent Cd atoms. All La–Pt bond lengths are 2.99 Å. All La–Cd bond lengths are 3.64 Å. In the second La site, La is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Pt and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both La–Pt bond lengths are 2.98 Å. Both La–Cd bond lengths are 3.69 Å. In the third La site, La is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pt and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both La–Pt bond lengths are 3.69 Å. Both La–Cd bond lengths are 3.45 Å. Pt is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine La atoms. Cd is bonded to nine La and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and face-sharing CdLa9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.32 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ho4CdIr by Materials Project

Ho4IrCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Ho sites. In the first Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ir and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Ho–Ir bond lengths are 2.82 Å. All Ho–Cd bond lengths are 3.42 Å. In the second Ho site, Ho is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Ir and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Ho–Ir bond lengths are 2.80 Å. Both Ho–Cd bond lengths are 3.48 Å. In the third Ho site, Ho is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ir and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Ho–Ir bond lengths are 3.47 Å. Both Ho–Cd bond lengths are 3.25 Å. Ir is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Ho atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Ho and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing CdHo9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.12 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ce4CdNi by Materials Project

Ce4NiCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Ce sites. In the first Ce site, Ce is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ni and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Ce–Ni bond lengths are 2.84 Å. All Ce–Cd bond lengths are 3.43 Å. In the second Ce site, Ce is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Ni and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Ce–Ni bond lengths are 2.81 Å. Both Ce–Cd bond lengths are 3.46 Å. In the third Ce site, Ce is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Ni and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Ce–Ni bond lengths are 3.49 Å. Both Ce–Cd bond lengths are 3.30 Å. Ni is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Ce atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Ce and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing CdCe9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.06 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y4CdPd by Materials Project

Y4PdCd crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Y sites. In the first Y site, Y is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Pd and three equivalent Cd atoms. All Y–Pd bond lengths are 2.89 Å. All Y–Cd bond lengths are 3.39 Å. In the second Y site, Y is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Pd and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Y–Pd bond lengths are 2.88 Å. Both Y–Cd bond lengths are 3.54 Å. In the third Y site, Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pd and two equivalent Cd atoms. Both Y–Pd bond lengths are 3.57 Å. Both Y–Cd bond lengths are 3.29 Å. Pd is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to nine Y atoms. Cd is bonded to nine Y and three equivalent Cd atoms to form a mixture of distorted face and corner-sharing CdY9Cd3 cuboctahedra. All Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.20 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Effect of Natural Organic Matter on the Fate of Cadmium During Microbial Ferrihydrite Reduction

Natural organic matter (NOM) is known to affect the microbial reduction and transformation of ferrihydrite, but its implication toward cadmium (Cd) associated with ferrihydrite is not well-known. In this work, we investigated how Cd is redistributed when ferrihydrite undergoes microbial reduction in the presence of NOM. Incubation with Geobacter sulfurreducens showed that both the rate and the extent of reduction of Cd-loaded ferrihydrite were enhanced by increasing concentrations of NOM (i.e., C/Fe ratio). Furthermore, without NOM, only 3–4% of Fe(III) was reduced, but around 61% of preadsorbed Cd was released into solution due to ferrihydrite transformation to lepidocrocite. At high C/Fe ratio (1.6), more than 35% of Fe(III) was reduced, as NOM can facilitate bioreduction by working as an electron shuttle and decreased aggregate size, but only a negligible amount of Cd was released into solution, thus decreasing Cd toxicity and prolonging microbial Fe(III) reduction. No ferrihydrite transformation was observed at high C/Fe ratios using Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicated the proportion of Cd-OM bond increased after microbial reduction. This study shows that the presence of NOM leads to less mobilization of Cd under reducing condition possibly by inhibiting ferrihydrite transformation and recapturing Cd through Cd-OM bond.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Similarities and Differences in the Effects of Toxic Concentrations of Cadmium and Chromium on the Structure and Functions of Thylakoid Membranes in Chlorella variabilis

Trace metal contaminations in natural waters, wetlands, and wastewaters pose serious threats to aquatic ecosystems—mainly via targeting microalgae. In this work, we investigated the effects of toxic amounts of chromium and cadmium ions on the structure and function of the photosynthetic machinery of Chlorella variabilis cells. To halt the propagation of cells, we used high concentrations of Cd and Cr, 50–50 mg L –1 , in the forms of CdCl 2 x 2.5 H 2 O and K 2 Cr 2 O 7 , respectively. Both treatments led to similar, about 50% gradual diminishment of the chlorophyll contents of the cells in 48 h, which was, however, accompanied by a small (~10%) but statistically significant enrichment (Cd) and loss (Cr) of ß-carotene. Both Cd and Cr inhibited the activity of photosystem II (PSII)—but with more severe inhibitions with Cr. On the contrary, the PsbA (D1) protein of PSII and the PsbO protein of the oxygen-evolving complex were retained more in Cr-treated cells than in the presence of Cd. These data and the higher susceptibility of P700 redox transients in Cr-treated cells suggest that, unlike with Cd, PSII is not the main target in the photochemical apparatus. These differences at the level of photochemistry also brought about dissimilarities at higher levels of the structural complexity of the photosynthetic apparatus. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy measurements revealed moderate perturbations in the macro-organization of the protein complexes—with more pronounced decline in Cd-treated cells than in the cells with Cr. Also, as reflected by transmission electron microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering, the thylakoid membranes suffered shrinking and were largely fragmented in Cd-treated cells, whereas no changes could be discerned with Cr. The preservation of integrity of membranes in Cr-treated cells was most probably aided by high proportion of the de-epoxidized xanthophylls, which were absent with Cd. It can thus be concluded that beside strong similarities of the toxic effects of Cr and Cd, the response of the photosynthetic machinery of C. variabilis to these two trace metal ions substantially differ from each other—strongly suggesting different inhibitory and protective mechanisms following the primary toxic events.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Advances in Genes-Encoding Transporters for Cadmium Uptake, Translocation, and Accumulation in Plants

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is highly toxic for plants, animals, and human beings. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in Cd accumulation in plants is beneficial for developing strategies for either the remediation of Cd-polluted soils using hyperaccumulator plants or preventing excess Cd accumulation in the edible parts of crops and vegetables. As a ubiquitous heavy metal, the transport of Cd in plant cells is suggested to be mediated by transporters for essential elements such as Ca, Zn, K, and Mn. Identification of the genes encoding Cd transporters is important for understanding the mechanisms underlying Cd uptake, translocation, and accumulation in either crop or hyperaccumulator plants. Recent studies have shown that the transporters that mediate the uptake, transport, and accumulation of Cd in plants mainly include members of the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp), heavy metal-transporting ATPase (HMA), zinc and iron regulated transporter protein (ZIP), ATP-binding cassette (ABC), and yellow stripe-like (YSL) families. Here, we review the latest advances in the research of these Cd transporters and lay the foundation for a systematic understanding underlying the molecular mechanisms of Cd uptake, transport, and accumulation in plants.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CaCdGe by Materials Project

CaCdGe crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ca is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Cd and five Ge atoms. There are two shorter (3.30 Å) and four longer (3.52 Å) Ca–Cd bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.09 Å) and four longer (3.16 Å) Ca–Ge bond lengths. Cd is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ca, two equivalent Cd, and four Ge atoms. Both Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.26 Å. There are two shorter (2.80 Å) and two longer (2.94 Å) Cd–Ge bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Ge sites. In the first Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ca and six equivalent Cd atoms. In the second Ge site, Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ca and three equivalent Cd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CdP2Xe5F22 by Materials Project

Xe5CdP2F22 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pna2_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four Xe5CdP2F22 clusters. there are five inequivalent Xe sites. In the first Xe site, Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to two F atoms. There are one shorter (2.04 Å) and one longer (2.13 Å) Xe–F bond lengths. In the second Xe site, Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to two F atoms. There are one shorter (2.04 Å) and one longer (2.12 Å) Xe–F bond lengths. In the third Xe site, Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to two F atoms. There are one shorter (2.04 Å) and one longer (2.13 Å) Xe–F bond lengths. In the fourth Xe site, Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to two F atoms. There are one shorter (2.06 Å) and one longer (2.10 Å) Xe–F bond lengths. In the fifth Xe site, Xe is bonded in a linear geometry to two F atoms. There are one shorter (2.04 Å) and one longer (2.13 Å) Xe–F bond lengths. Cd is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven F atoms. There are a spread of Cd–F bond distances ranging from 2.28–2.52 Å. There are two inequivalent P sites. In the first P site, P is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There are a spread of P–F bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.71 Å. In the second P site, P is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There are a spread of P–F bond distances ranging from 1.62–1.70 Å. There are twenty-two inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Xe and one Cd atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Cd and one P atom. In the fifth F site, F is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one Cd atom. In the sixth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the seventh F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cd and one P atom. In the eighth F site, F is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Xe and one Cd atom. In the ninth F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Xe and one Cd atom. In the tenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the eleventh F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the twelfth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the thirteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the fourteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the fifteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the sixteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the seventeenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the eighteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Xe atom. In the nineteenth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the twentieth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom. In the twenty-first F site, F is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Xe and one Cd atom. In the twenty-second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CaCdSn by Materials Project

CaCdSn crystallizes in the hexagonal P-62m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ca is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Cd and five Sn atoms. There are two shorter (3.45 Å) and four longer (3.70 Å) Ca–Cd bond lengths. There are one shorter (3.26 Å) and four longer (3.30 Å) Ca–Sn bond lengths. Cd is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ca, two equivalent Cd, and four Sn atoms. Both Cd–Cd bond lengths are 3.39 Å. There are two shorter (2.94 Å) and two longer (3.07 Å) Cd–Sn bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ca and six equivalent Cd atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Ca and three equivalent Cd atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗