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At least 721 records · Page 40
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Field induced metastable ferroelectric phase in Pb 0.97 La 0.03 (Zr 0.90 Ti 0.10 ) 0.9925 O 3 ceramics

Pb 0.97 La 0.03 (Zr 0.9 T i0.1 )0.9925O3 (PLZT 3/90/10) ceramics prepared by solid-state reaction with the compositions near the antiferroelectric/ferroelectric (FE/AFE) phase boundary were studied. From the polarization–electric field P(E) dependence and ex situ X-ray study, an irreversible electric field induced AFE-to-FE phase transition is verified at room temperature. Dielectric and in situ temperature dependent X-ray analysis evidence that the phase transition sequence in PLZT 3/90/10-based ceramics can be readily altered by poling. A first order antiferroelectric-paraelectric (AFE-to-PE) transition occurred at ~190 °C in virgin sample and at ~180 °C in poled sample. In addition, a FE-to-AFE transition occurs in the poled ceramic at much lower temperatures (~120 °C) with respect to the Curie range (~190 °C). The temperature-induced FE-to-AFE transition is diffuse and takes place in a broad temperature range of 72–135 °C. Lastly, the recovery of AFE is accompanied by an enhancement in the piezoelectric properties.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Ceramics from self-sustained reactions: Recent advances

Specific applications of self-sustained reactions to fabricate advanced ceramics, along with details such as synthesis conditions, mechanism of microstructure formation, and material properties, are overviewed. The latest achievements in the field include analysis of three such synthetic routes: reactive spark plasma sintering, combustion synthesis with mechanical stimulation, and solution combustion synthesis. Examples of fabrication of high-temperature nanostructured ceramics and composites, as well as non-equilibrium ceramic phases are also discussed.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Oxidation of ultrahigh temperature ceramics: kinetics, mechanisms, and applications

Materials capable of oxidizing in a protective manner at ultrahigh (>1700 °C) temperatures are needed to push beyond this barrier defined by SiC. Although possessing attractive mechanical properties and oxidation resistance, SiC-based materials are ultimately temperature limited by the melting point of SiO 2 . The vast array of ultra-high and high temperature ceramic literature indicates the majority of these materials, like borides, carbides, MAX-phases, and high-entropy ceramics, fall woefully short regarding oxidation resistance. However, for specific applications, like low-orbit aeropropulsion, high ballistics coefficient atmospheric re-entry, and hypersonic cruise, there are a few promising materials. Here, oxidation criteria are gathered to build application specific heuristics and are then applied to a multitude of ultra-high temperature ceramics to gauge material efficacy. Discussion of oxidation kinetics, mechanisms and reaction products is offered for each material, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and the remaining gaps in our knowledge.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Mechanical properties of fusion welded ceramics in the $\mathrm{SiC-ZrB}$ 2 and $\mathrm{SiC-ZrB}$ 2 -$\mathrm{ZrC}$ systems

Mechanical properties of welded SiC-ZrB 2 and SiC-ZrB 2 -ZrC ceramics were measured up to 1700 °C. Commercial powders were hot pressed, machined into coupons, and preheated to 1600 °C before joining the ceramics using either tungsten inert gas welding or plasma arc welding. Toughness of the parent materials was 3–4 MPa*m 1/2 which decreased after welding to 2–2.5 MPa*m 1/2 . Strength of the SiC-ZrB 2 -ZrC parent material was ~700 MPa at 25 °C, ~300 MPa at 1700 °C, and retained 40–60% of this strength once welded. Strength of the SiC-ZrB2 parent material was ~600 MPa at 25 °C and 1700 °C and retained 20–30% of this strength once welded. Griffith analysis indicated that the strength in the parent materials was controlled by the size of SiC clusters while strength of welds was controlled by the size of pores in fusion zones. Therefore, removal of pores in produced fusion zones should be investigated to improve strength of future ceramic welds.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Radiation damage of hollandite in multiphase ceramic waste forms

Radiation damage was simulated in multiphase titanate-based ceramic waste forms using an ion accelerator to generate high energy alpha particles (He + ) and an ion implanter to generate 7 MeV gold (Au 3+ ) particles. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the damaged surfaces and nearby regions. Simulated multiphase ceramic waste forms were prepared using two processing methods: spark plasma sintering and melt-processing. Both processing methods produced ceramics with similar phase assemblages consisting of hollandite-, zirconolite/pyrochlore-, and perovskite- type phases. The measured heavy ion (Au 3+ ) penetration depth was less in spark plasma sintered samples than in melt-processed samples. Furthermore, structural breakdown of the hollandite phase occurred under He + irradiation indicated by the presence of x-ray diffraction peaks belonging to TiO 2 , BaTiO 5 , and other hollandite related phases (Ba 2 Ti 9 O 20 ). The composition of the constituent hollandite phase affected the extent of damage induced by Au 3+ ions.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Performance degradation in proton-conducting ceramic fuel cell and electrolyzer stacks

Proton-conducting ceramics are emerging as enabling materials for efficient electrochemical electricity generation, energy storage, and fuels synthesis. In this work, we present longer-term degradation results for protonic-ceramic fuel cells and electrolyzers based on a BaCe 0.4 Zr 0.4 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3-δ (BCZYYb) electrolyte. The cells are packaged within unit-cell stacks, including metallic interconnects, current collectors, sealing glasses and gaskets. Durability is found to be superior in protonic-ceramic electrolyzers in comparison to fuel cells. Operating conditions have a large impact on degradation rates; better stability is found at fuel-cell operating temperatures above 600 °C, and electrolyzer steam feeds below 20%. Here, we find that both fuel-cell and electrolyzer degradation is greatly reduced via the introduction of a gadolinium-doped ceria interlayer between the electrolyte and the air–steam electrode. Fuel-cell degradation falls to 1.2% khr –1 under methane fuel at 600 °C; electrolyzer degradation is reduced to 1% khr –1 at 550 °C and 50% steam. Further analyses of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and distribution of relaxation times provide insight to root processes and degradation phenomena in protonic electroceramics.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Controlling polymorphic structures and investigating electric properties of Ca-doped zirconia using solid state ceramic method

Structural study of Zr{sub 1−x}Ca{sub x}O{sub 2−x} samples with x=0.01–0.15 were prepared using solid state ceramic method. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a mixture of the high temperature phase and the monoclinic one for the samples with x≤0.05. On the other hand, the formation of a single high temperature cubic phase was observed within a concentration range of x=0.06–0.10. At concentrations higher than 0.10 the calcium zirconate phase was observed besides the dominant high temperature one. Rietveld refinement of the single phase data clearly revealed, that substitution of zirconium by calcium increases both the lattice parameters as well as the tetrahedral bond length. Ionic to electronic conductivity ratio enhanced considerably as Ca-doping level ascends. The dielectric constant shows strong temperature dependence at lower frequencies. The dielectric loss factor increases rapidly with the increase in temperature at lower frequencies, while decreases with the increase in frequency at higher temperatures. The ionic conduction is considered as the dominant process at higher temperatures. - Graphical abstract: Forming a high temperature cubic zirconia phase at 1200 °C using ceramic solid state method and aliovalent cation. - Highlights: • Formation the high temperature cubic polymorph of zirconia using Ca-doping. • Solid state ceramic method was used for preparing the cubic Ca-doped zirconia. • Substitution of zirconium by calcium increases the lattice parameters and the bond length. • Ionic to electronic conductivity ratio enhanced considerably as Ca-doping level increases.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2018

Research on the interfacial structure and property improvement of the Cfiber/2Si-B-3C-N ceramic matrix composite

Highlights: • The C{sub fiber}/2Si-B-3C-N composite with nice properties was successfully prepared. • ZrO{sub 2} promotes the densification process, homogeneous nucleation and grain growth. • The interface reaction in the composite was well controlled by the addition of ZrO{sub 2}. • The damage to carbon fiber was largely avoided by the addition of ZrO{sub 2}. - Abstract: A mixture of the mechanically alloyed 2Si-B-3C-N powder and short carbon fiber was hot pressed at 1800 °C for 30 mins in nitrogen. Careful investigation to the prepared C{sub fiber}/2Si-B-3C-N ceramic matrix composite revealed that the composite was very difficult to be densified. Heterogeneous nucleation, abnormal grain growth and severe interface reaction occurred on the fiber surface or between the fiber and the ceramic matrix, leading to a small density and weak mechanical properties of the composite. For the prepared composite without any additive, the relative density, flexural strength, elastic modulus and fracture toughness is 71.7%, 64.6 MPa, 14.7 GPa and 1.47 MPa·m{sup 1/2}, respectively. The average size of the SiC grains close to and far away from the carbon fiber is 249.10 nm and 50.45 nm, respectively. However, with the addition of ZrO{sub 2} (7.5 mol%), the above mentioned phenomenons are changed noticeably, and those properties are significantly increased to 88.5%, 112.4 MPa, 111.1 GPa and 2.94 MPa·m{sup 1/2}, respectively. At the same time, the SiC grains close to or far away from the carbon fiber almost have the same average size of about 448.21 nm, and almost no interface reaction occurs. It shows that the addition of ZrO{sub 2} not only facilitates the sintering and densification process, but also depresses the interface reaction, promotes the homogeneous nucleation and grain growth, and hence significantly improves the mechanical properties of the C{sub fiber}/2Si-B-3C-N composite. This interesting finding is favorable for the preparation of carbon fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, which requires both a large relative density and well controlled interface reaction.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Titanium-deposition assisted brazing of SiC ceramics using inactive AgCu filler

Highlights: • Reliable joint of SiC ceramics was achieved via Titanium-deposition assisted brazing using inactive AgCu filler metal. • Microstructure characteristic of deposited-SiC brazed joint was investigated in detail. • Ti-deposition assisted brazing inhibited the formation of numerous intermetallic compounds. - Abstract: In this study, active titanium element film was designed to deposit on SiC ceramics directly to enhance the brazability of inactive AgCu brazing alloy on ceramics. The result showed the reliable joint was successfully obtained and the deposition of titanium film on SiC directly inhibited the formation of amounts of intermetallic compounds effectively in the brazing seam. Detailed interfacial microstructure of joint investigated by scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectrum analysis and transmission electron microscope revealed that the interfacial reactions were based on deposited Ti film. The typical joint was SiC/TiCu + Ti{sub 2}Cu/TiC/Ti{sub 5}Si{sub 3} containing TiC particles/Ag(s,s) + Cu(s,s)/Ti{sub 5}Si{sub 3} containing TiC particles/TiC/TiCu + Ti{sub 2}Cu/SiC.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Nanoscale analysis of dispersive ferroelectric domains in bulk of hexagonal multiferroic ceramics

Highlights: • Aberration corrected STEM is used to link ferroelectric properties of vacancy doped multiferroic LuMnO3 ceramics to lattice defects. • Nano-scale perturbation in lattice or chemistry provokes polarization switching or phase shift of ferroelectric domains. • Partial edge dislocations modify rule of 6 in topologically protected 6-fold vortices in hexagonal RMnO3 ceramics. • Chemistry shift/lattice distortions modify ferroelectric properties, domain size and polarization switching in multiferroic. • Change in ferroelectric properties results in modification of magnetic properties in magnetoelectric h-RMnO3 multiferroic. - Abstract: The atomic nature of topologically protected ferroelectric (FE) walls in hexagonal ReMnO{sub 3} oxides (R: Sc, Y, Er, Ho, Yb, Lu) creates an interesting playground to study effects of defects on domain walls. The 6-fold FE vortices in this multiferroic family lose the ordering by the rule of 6 in the presence of partial edge dislocations (PED) besides it can be modified by chemical doping. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend the cross coupling of FE walls and defects or vacancies in the lattice of multiferroics. Atomic resolution STEM is used to explore the correlative response of electrical polarization of FE domains in the presence of defects in multiferroic ceramics. Such level of resolution also allows the study of switching of FE domains on encounter of lattice defects. The driving force behind appearance of dispersed, small FE domains in images of piezo force microscopy is revealed by observation of lattice defects and FE boundaries simultaneously at the nano-scale. Planar defects and FE domain walls play their role of internal interfaces consequently such interplaying duly modifies the magnetic and FE properties of multiferroic oxides.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Grain size effects on dielectric properties of barium strontium titanate composite ceramics

Graphical abstract: The tunability (T) and quality factor (Q) were found to be strongly dependent on the grain sizes. With increasing the grain size, the tunability significantly decreased. In contrary, the quality factor (Q) at microwave frequencies increased with increasing grain size. A moderate tunability while maintaining a high Q value is still realizable for composite ceramics when grain sizes were controlled to a suitable region A (from 6.5 to 15.0 μm). Highlights: ► The tunability (T) and quality factor (Q) were found to be strongly dependent on the grain sizes. ► With increasing the grain size, the tunability significantly decreased, while the quality factor Q at microwave frequencies increased. ► A moderate tunability while maintaining a high Q value is realizable for composites with grain sizes from about 6.5 to 15.0 μm. - Abstract: Ba{sub 0.4}Sr{sub 0.6}TiO{sub 3}–Mg{sub 2}TiO{sub 4} composite ceramics with different grain sizes were prepared by three sintering methods. The dielectric constant dependences of temperature and frequency showed an increased degree of diffuseness of the Curie peaks as the grain sizes decreased. The tunability (T) and quality factor (Q) were found to be strongly dependent on the grain sizes. The tunability significantly decreased with increasing the grain size. In contrary, the quality factor (Q) at microwave frequencies increased with increasing grain size. A moderate tunability while maintaining a high Q value is still realizable for composite ceramics with grain sizes from about 6.5 to 15.0 μm.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Dielectric investigations in nanostructured tetragonal BaTiO{sub 3} ceramics

Highlights: ► Nanostructured BaTiO{sub 3} ceramics processed by an innovative protocol. ► Dielectric relaxations related to strains and vacancies. ► Dielectric and ferroelectric properties enhanced by strain. - Abstract: In this paper, structural and dielectric properties of BaTiO{sub 3} ceramics obtained under extreme conditions were investigated. The temperature dependent dielectric investigations revealed that the phase transition temperatures of the BaTiO{sub 3} ceramics were raised as a function of residual strains associated to the nanostructuration, while structural characterizations showed a tetragonal arrangement at room temperature. From the frequency dependence analyses of the imaginary parts of dielectric permittivity, impedance and modulus function, three relaxation processes were identified. Two of them exhibit activation energies of 0.45 and 0.63 eV, and were attributed to single and double-ionization of oxygen vacancies. The whole set of results also indicated that the electrons resulting from the ionization of oxygen vacancies are trapped and do not contribute to the electrical conductivity, while the physical properties of the analyzed samples were enhanced by retaining a strained microstructure.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Structure and dielectric properties of Ba{sub 5}NdCu{sub 1.5}Nb{sub 8.5}O{sub 30−δ} tungsten bronze ceramics

Highlights: ► Tetragonal tungsten bronze ceramic Ba{sub 5}NdCu{sub 1.5}Nb{sub 8.5}O{sub 30−δ} was prepared. ► Titanium was replaced by copper in M{sub 5}RTi{sub 3}Nb{sub 7}O{sub 30} for the first time. ► Detailed structural information was retrieved by Rietveld refinement. ► An obvious relaxor-like dielectric behavior was observed in this ceramic, ion disorders in A1 and B sites contribute to this behavior. - Abstract: A new type of tungsten bronze ceramic Ba{sub 5}NdCu{sub 1.5}Nb{sub 8.5}O{sub 30−δ} has been prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction technique. Its structural, dielectric properties were investigated. Rietveld analysis shows that Ba{sub 5}NdCu{sub 1.5}Nb{sub 8.5}O{sub 30−δ} has a single-phase tetragonal (space group P4bm and lattice constants a = b = 12.4961(4) Å, c = 3.9426(8) Å, V = 615.66(4) Å{sup 3}) tungsten bronze structure. The occupations of sites A and B are quite interesting. A1 sites are fully disordered occupied by Ba ions and Nd ions and A2 sites for Ba ions only, while B-sites are equal for both Cu and Nb ions to occupy. This material exhibits an obvious relaxation behavior in the 213–573 K temperature range. The dielectric constants have been fitted by the modified Curie–Weiss law and all the estimated γ values are close to 2, confirming the typical relaxor ferroelectric behavior. The disorders of Ba{sup 2+} or Nd{sup 3+} in A1 sites and Nb{sup 5+}, Cu{sup 2+} in B sites induced by the oxygen vacancies may contribute to this dielectric behavior.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Structure and microwave dielectric properties of Ba{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}–Zn{sub 2−x}SiO{sub 4−x} ceramic composites

Highlights: ► New Ba{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}–Zn{sub 1.87}SiO{sub 3.87} microwave dielectric composite ceramic was reported. ► The single-phase willemite was obtained by controlling of ZnO deficiency. ► The composite with 40 wt% Zn{sub 1.87}SiO{sub 3.87} exhibited excellent τ{sub f} value of 0.4 ppm/°C. - Abstract: Microwave dielectric ceramic composites with compositions of (1 − y)Ba{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2}–yZn{sub 2−x}SiO{sub 4−x} (y = 0.4–0.6, x = 0.13) have been prepared by firing mixtures of Ba{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2} and Zn{sub 1.87}SiO{sub 3.87}. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that Zn{sub 2}SiO{sub 4} with a willemite phase can be obtained by appropriately controlling the ZnO deficiency. The starting Zn{sub 1.87}SiO{sub 3.87} powder should be thus composed of the ZnSiO{sub 4} crystal phase and redundant SiO{sub 2} amorphous phase at room temperature. The scanning electron microscopy studies demonstrated the coexistence of Zn{sub 2}SiO{sub 4} and Ba{sub 3}(VO{sub 4}){sub 2} phases in the sintered bodies, as further confirmed by the XRD and Raman results. The near-zero temperature coefficients of the resonant frequency (τ{sub f}) could be achieved by adjusting the relative content of the two phases owing to their opposite τ{sub f} values. The existence of a slight amount of secondary phases, element interdiffusion and non-stoichiometry such as Zn deficiency altogether made the predicted property values deviate from the experimentally measured ones. The composite ceramics with 40 wt% Zn{sub 1.87}SiO{sub 3.87} sintered at 1100 °C exhibited desirable microwave dielectric properties of the quality factor Q × f ∼ 23,000 GHz, dielectric constant ε{sub r} ∼ 9.3, and τ{sub f} ∼ 0.4 ppm/°C.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

Ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of Sr{sub 0.6}(BiNa){sub 0.2}Bi{sub 2}Nb{sub 2}O{sub 9} ceramics

Graphical abstract: The oxygen vacancy was confirmed by the left figure and the role of oxygen vacancy on the piezoelectric properties was discussed. - Highlights: • The d{sub 33}, ρ and T{sub c} were found to be 22 pC/N, ρ ∼ 10{sup 6} Ω cm and 586 °C. • The electromechanical properties: k{sub p} ∼ 5.0%, k{sub t} ∼ 8.7% and Q{sub m} ∼ 651. • The oxygen vacancy is responsible for electrical properties at high temperature. - Abstract: Aurivillius-type ceramic, Sr{sub 0.6}(BiNa){sub 0.2}Bi{sub 2}Nb{sub 2}O{sub 9} (SBNBN), was synthesized by using conventional solid-state processing. Phase structure and microstructural morphology were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD) and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dielectric, piezoelectric and electromechanical properties of the SBNBN ceramic were investigated in detail. Curie temperature (T{sub c}), piezoelectric coefficient (d{sub 33}), electromechanical coupling coefficient k{sub p}, k{sub t} and quality factor Q{sub m} of the SBNBN ceramic were found to be 586.5 °C, 22 pC/N, 5.0%, 8.7% and 651, respectively. In addition, the reasons for varieties of the resistivity and dielectric properties at high temperature were also discussed.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Composition and temperature dependence of ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties of (1 − x)[PMN–PT(65/35)]–xPZ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) ceramics

Highlights: • PMN–PT–PZ ceramics with PZ content smaller than 0.10 mol% were synthesized. • T{sub rt} of the PMN–PT–PZ ceramics increased linearly with the increase of PZ constant. • A mutation of the ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties was observed near T{sub rt}. - Abstract: (1 − x)[Pb(Mg{sub 1/3}Nb{sub 2/3})O{sub 3}–PbTiO{sub 3} (65/35)]–xPbZrO{sub 3} (PMN–PT–PZ) ceramics near morphotropic phase boundary with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.10 were synthesized via the conventional solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction and variable temperature dielectric property characterization indicated that the rhombohedral to tetragonal phase transition temperature (T{sub rt}) increased linearly with the increase of PZ constant. The composition and temperature dependence of their ferroelectric and pyroelectric properties were also investigated. The results showed that there appeared mutation for remnant polarization, coercive field, as well as pyroelectric coefficient at the temperate range near T{sub rt}, which was ascribed to the reorientation of dipoles caused by the rhombohedral–tetragonal phase transition.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Effect of Er{sub 2}O{sub 3} dopant on electrical and optical properties of potassium sodium niobate silicate glass-ceramics

Highlights: • The KNN–SiO{sub 2} doped Er{sub 2}O{sub 3} glass-ceramics was prepared by incorporation method. • High dielectric constant (458.41 at 100 kHz) and low loss (0.0005) could be obtained. • TEM and SEM confirmed the existence of KNN crystals embedded in glass matrix. • The Er{sub 2}O{sub 3} dopant causes insignificant effect on modifying E{sub g} value. - Abstract: In this study, transparent glass-ceramics from potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-silicate glass system doped with erbium oxide (Er{sub 2}O{sub 3}) were successfully prepared by incorporation method. KNN was added in glass batches as heterogeneous nucleating agent. The KNN powder was mixed with SiO{sub 2} and Er{sub 2}O{sub 3} dopant with KNN and Er{sub 2}O{sub 3} content varied between 70–80 and 0.5–1.0 mol%, respectively. Each batch was subsequently melted at 1300 °C for 15 min in a platinum crucible using an electric furnace. The quenched glasses were then subjected to heat treatment at various temperatures for 4 h. XRD results showed that the prepared glass ceramics contained crystals of KNN solid solution. In contrary, dielectric constant (ϵ{sub r}) and dielectric loss (tan δ) were found to increase with increasing heat treatment temperature. Additionally, optical properties such as absorbance and energy band gap have been investigated.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Influence of Zn on magnetocaloric effect in (0.95)La{sub 0.7}Sr{sub 0.3}MnO{sub 3}/Ni{sub 1−x}Zn{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} ceramic composites

Highlights: • Synthesis of magnetic ceramic composites. • Magnetization of dual phase ceramics. • Magnetic entropy change in (0.95)La{sub 0.7}Sr{sub 0.3}MnO{sub 3}/(0.05)Ni{sub 1−x}Zn{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} solid solution. - Abstract: We report the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of (0.95)La{sub 0.7}Sr{sub 0.3}MnO{sub 3}/(0.05)Ni{sub 1−x}Zn{sub x}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 4} (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) ceramic composites. The composite samples with nominal compositions were prepared using the conventional solid-state reaction method. The phase purity and structure were confirmed by using X-ray diffraction. Temperature dependent magnetization measurements and Arrott analysis reveal second order of magnetic phase transition in the composite samples. A maximum in magnetic entropy change of ∼0.75 J/kg K at 1 T has been observed in (0.95)La{sub 0.7}Sr{sub 0.3}MnO{sub 3}/(0.05)NiFe{sub 2}O{sub 4} sample. The values of magnetic entropy change of these composites make them attractive for potential applications. These composite samples may consider as potential material for magnetic refrigeration near room temperature.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗