Results of hypervelocity impacts into space radiator materials.
Hypervelocity impacts into space radiator materials, discussing material evaluation for waste heat shield
HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “space materials”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Nonmetallic Materials and Space Environmental Effects Branch
Marshall Space Flight Center Nonmetallic Materials and Space Environmental Effects Branch
Nonmetallic Materials↗
MISSE 6-Testing Materials in Space
The objective of the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) is to study the performance of novel materials when subjected to the synergistic effects of the harsh space environment by placing them in space environment for several months. In this paper, a few materials and components from NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) that have been flown on MISSE 6 mission will be discussed. These include laser and optical elements for photonic devices. The pre-characterized MISSE 6 materials were packed inside a ruggedized Passive Experiment Container (PEC) that resembles a suitcase. The PEC was tested for survivability due to launch conditions. Subsequently, the MISSE 6 PEC was transported by the STS-123 mission to International Space Station (ISS) on March 11, 2008. The astronauts successfully attached the PEC to external handrails and opened the PEC for long term exposure to the space environment.
Prasad, Narasimha S↗
Materials for Space: It's Challenging!
Space environments place tremendous demands on materials that must perform with exceptional reliability to realize the goals of human or robotic space exploration missions. Materials are subjected to extremes of temperature, pressure, radiation and mechanical loads during all phases of use, including takeoff and ascent, exposure to space or entry into an atmosphere, and operation in a planetary atmosphere. Space materials must be robust and enable the formation of lightweight structures or components that perform the required functions; materials that perform multiple functions are of particular interest. This talk will review the unique challenges for materials in space and some of the specific material capabilities that will be needed for future exploration missions. A description of needs and trends in thermal protection materials and systems will complete the talk.
ablators↗
Techniques for Measuring Surface Potentials in Space
Materials exposed to the space plasma environment charge to a net potential relative to the ambient plasma. The charging process is due to differential currents to the material surface that results in a net surface charge density. While this process is termed "spacecraft surface charging" when applied to aerospace hardware, it also applies to the surfaces of astronomical objects in direct contact with the space plasma environment including a number of planetary bodies, asteroids, and dust particles. The ability to measure surface potentials is important to many techniques used in conducting fundamental heliospheric science, spacecraft engineering operations, and space technology development activities. This presentation provides a survey of current technologies used to measure surface potentials of spacecraft and planetary bodies with examples of their application to space science and technology programs.
Minow, Joseph I.↗
Processing Materials in Space
Suggested program of material processing experiments in space described in 81 page report. For each experiment, report discusses influence of such gravitational effects as convection, buoyancy, sedimentation, and hydrostatic pressure. Report contains estimates of power and mission duration required for each experiment. Lists necessary equipment and appropriate spacecraft.
Zoller, L. K.↗
Space Environment Stability and Physical Properties of New Materials for Space Power and Commercial Applications
To test and evaluate suitability of materials for use in space power systems and related space and commercial applications, and to achieve sufficient understanding of the mechanisms by which, the materials perform in their intended applications. Materials and proposed applications included but were not limited to: Improved anodes for lithium ion batteries, highly-transparent arc-proof solar array coatings, and improved surface materials for solar dynamic concentrators and receivers. Cooperation and interchange of data with industrial companies as appropriate.
Hambourger, Paul D.↗
Specialized testing and evaluation of space-suit materials
The selection of nonmetallic materials used in the Apollo space suits is discussed. The specialized test program to determine the flammability of selected space suit materials is described. Emphasis is placed on the equipment used to test and qualify the space suit materials and subassemblies for operation in the deep space environment.
Ballentine, T. J.↗
Materials for space rating electromechanical components.
Nonstructural materials for space utilization including lubricants, sliding electrical contacts and dielectrics
ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE↗
Applications of composite materials in space vehicle structures
Filamentary composite materials for space vehicles structural design, noting mass reduction, strength, foldability, formability, etc
Heldenfels, R. R.↗
Metallic heat shield materials for space shuttle
Metallic heat shielding materials for space shuttle thermal protection system
Hall, R. W.↗
Space Transportation Materials and Structures Technology Workshop: Proceedings - Volume 2
The Space Transportation Materials and Structures Technology Workshop was held on September 23-26, 1991, in Newport News, Virginia. The workshop, sponsored by the NASA Office of Space Flight and the NASA Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology, was held to provide a forum for communication within the space materials and structures technology developer and user communities. Workshop participants were organized into a Vehicle Technology Requirements session and three working panels: Materials and Structures Technologies for Vehicle Systems, Propulsion Systems, and Entry Systems.
Cazier, Frank W., Jr.↗
Oxygen interaction with space-power materials
Data from the space shuttle flights have established that many materials experience relatively rapid degradation when exposed to the low Earth orbit ambient atmosphere, which is predominately atomic oxygen. While much was learned from samples flown on the shuttle, laboratory simulations of the shuttle environment are necessary for a detailed understanding of the various interactions which contribute to the observed degradations. These laboratory experiments are particularly important for predicting the deterioration to be expected for materials aboard orbiting power systems, which will be exposed for long periods of time and could have components operating at very high temperatures. By using a mass spectrometer to synchronously detect molecules emitted from the surface as a result of amplitude modulated oxygen ion bombardment, quantum yields were obtained as a function of ion energy. A technique was developed to obtain preliminary yield data by slowly scanning the mass setting of the mass spectrometer; measurements were extended down to zero modulation frequency; yield data was obtained for the insulating materials (Nomex, Kevlar, and Teflon) used in the construction of electrodynamic tethers; a heated sample holder was constructed to investigate the effect of sample temperature on quantum yields; and the instrumentation was developed to observe the mass spectrometer signal as a function of time during and following bombardment of the sample by a brief (approximately 1 millisecond) pulse of ions.
Eck, T. G.↗
Investigation of three classes of composite materials for space vehicle application
Three classes of composite materials for space vehicle application
MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Space Transportation Materials and Structures Technology Workshop. Volume 1: Executive summary
The workshop was held to provide a forum for communication within the space materials and structures technology developer and user communities. Workshop participants were organized into a Vehicle Technology Requirements session and three working panels: Materials and Structures Technologies for Vehicle Systems; Propulsion Systems; and Entry Systems. The goals accomplished were (1) to develop important strategic planning information necessary to transition materials and structures technologies from lab research programs into robust and affordable operational systems; (2) to provide a forum for the exchange of information and ideas between technology developers and users; and (3) to provide senior NASA management with a review of current space transportation programs, related subjects, and specific technology needs. The workshop thus provided a foundation on which a NASA and industry effort to address space transportation materials and structures technologies can grow.
Cazier, F. W., Jr.↗
Screening and tests of materials for space applications
The outgassing properties of materials and other considerations on materials acceptance for space applications are discussed. The uses of the outgassing data for the evaluation of important performance characteristics of a space system are indicated. The deficiencies and advantages of the ASTM-E595-77 test method and materials acceptance criteria are discussed. Also discussed are the advantages for the selection of the materials and the uses of the data provided by the long-term measurements of the outgassing rates and surface re-emission of materials. The paper concludes that the results of the ASTM method with additional derived data on the material properties can be used for the initial evaluation of a space system's characteristics. Materials data on outgassing and re-emission rates at various temperatures obtained from the more expensive, long-term QCM and TGA measurements should be obtained when a detailed analysis of a system is suggested based on the various considerations discussed in the paper.
Scialdone, J. J.↗
Obtaining NASA Approval for use of Non-Metallic Materials in Manned Space Flight
Material manufacturers and suppliers are often surprised when a material commonly provided to industry is not approved for use on manned spacecraft. Often the reason is a lack of test data in environments that simulate those encountered in space applications, especially oxygen-enriched conditions, which significantly increase both the likelihood of material combustion and the propagation of a fire. This paper introduces the requirements for flight approval of non-metallic materials, focusing on material testing for human-rated space flight programs; it reviews the history of flight materials requirements and provides the rationale for such and introduces specific requirements related to testing and to good material engineering and design practices. After describing the procedure for submitting materials to be tested, the paper outlines options available if a material fails testing. In addition, this treatise introduces the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) Materials and Processes Technical Information System (MAPTIS), a database housing all test data produced in accordance with NASA-STD-6001, Flammability, Odor, Offgassing, and Compatibility Requirements and Test Procedures for Materials in Environments that Support Combustion.
Davis, Samuel E.↗
Materials International Space Station Experiment - 6A and 6B
Materials on the International Space Station Experiment 6 (MISSE-6A and 6B) is a test bed for materials and coatings attached to the outside of the space station that are being evaluated for the effects of atomic oxygen, direct sunlight, radiation and extremes of heat and cold. This experiment allows the development and testing of new materials to better withstand the rigors of space environments. Results will provide a better understanding of the durability of various materials in space, leading to the design of stronger, more durable spacecraft components.
Kinard, William H.↗