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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Viscosity and Flow Properties of the Seitah Olivine-Rich Lithology

One of the most surprising findings of the Perseverance rover was the discovery of olivine cumulate in the Séítah region [1]. The rover landed and traversed to the Séítah region and collected measurements at three workspaces: Bastide, Brac and Issole (Fig 1). Here we use the SuperCam VISIR and LIBS to investigate the properties of the lithology insitu and determine two things: 1) the olivine-clay-carbonate regional lithology is low in Al3+, which allows us to eliminate the possibility of clays which are high in Al3+, 2) the viscosity of the Séítah formation is extremely low, which is a reasonable explanation for the Séítah unit to both cumulate and thin-layered (Fig 1b).

Mars 2020↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Lithological Diversity of a C-Complex Asteroid Recorded in LON 94101

CMs are the most common carbonaceous chondrite type, providing a wealth of information about the formation and aqueous alteration of primitive asteroids. Owing to their brecciated nature and possible rubble pile heritage, CMs host many lithologies. Indeed, recent results from Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx have revealed a plethora of boulder types on the surface of C-complex asteroids, from which most carbonaceous chondrites are likely derived, attesting to the complex history individual asteroids have experienced. Deciphering the relationships between lithologies, particularly when drawing upon multiple meteorites remains challenging, as C-complex asteroids are very common, and multiple asteroids could be providing similar materials.

R Findlay↗
DOE OSTI2016

Fallon FORGE: Well Lithologies

x,y,z text file of the downhole lithologic interpretations in the wells in and around the Fallon FORGE site. All the relevant information is in the file header (the spatial reference, the projection etc.) In addition all the fields in the data file are identified in the header.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Utah FORGE: Data for 3-D Model Development - Lithology, Temperature, Pressure, and Stress

This submission comprises two downloadable .zip archives. Each archive contains spreadsheets with 3-D data and a .txt document describing the data. The Mesh Files .zip download contains data regarding the lithologic contacts of the granitoid and overlying sedimentary basin fill. The Initial Conditions .zip download contains data regarding temperature, pressure, and stress. These data were generated during Utah FORGE Phase 2 and exported from Seequent Leapfrog Geothermal. They are intended for use in 3-D earth modeling.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Study of Chelyabinsk LL5 meteorite fragment with a light lithology and its fusion crust using Mössbauer spectroscopy with a high velocity resolution

Study of Chelyabinsk LL5 ordinary chondrite fragment with a light lithology and its fusion crust, fallen on February 15, 2013, in Russian Federation, was carried out using Mössbauer spectroscopy with a high velocity resolution. The Mössbauer spectra of the internal matter and fusion crust were fitted and all components were related to iron-bearing phases such as olivine, pyroxene, troilite, Fe-Ni-Co alloy, and chromite in the internal matter and olivine, pyroxene, troilite, Fe-Ni-Co alloy, and magnesioferrite in the fusion crust. A comparison of the content of different phases in the internal matter and in the fusion crust of this fragment showed that ferric compounds resulted from olivine, pyroxene, and troilite combustion in the atmosphere.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2013

Soda Lake Well Lithology Data and Geologic Cross-Sections

Comprehensive catalogue of drill-hole data in spreadsheet, shapefile, and Geosoft database formats. Includes XYZ locations of well heads, year drilled, type of well, operator, total depths, well path data (deviations), lithology logs, and temperature data. Plus, 13 cross-sections in Adobe Illustrator format.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Fallon FORGE: GIS and Downhole Well Lithology Data

ArcGIS Map Package with MT Station Locations, 2D Seismic Lines, Well data, Known Regional Hydrothermal Systems, Regional Historic Earthquake Seismicity, Regional Temperature Gradient Data, Regional Heat Flow Data, Regional Radiogenic Heat Production, Local Geology, Land Status, Cultural Data, 2m Temperature Probe Data, and Gravity Data. Also a detailed down-hole lithology notes are provided.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Fallon, NV FORGE well 21-31 Lithology, Mineral, Image Log, and Injection Test data

Attached is 5 datasets collected from Fallon FORGE well 21-31 located in Churchill County, Nevada collected and interpreted between Feburary 2018-January 2020. This submission includes 1) new lithology interpretation derived from petrographic thin sections of sidewall cores taken from well 21-31, 2) X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) interpretation of sidewall cores and cuttings from well 21-31, 3) Hyperspectral (Short-Wave Infrared and Long-Wave Infrared) interpretation of cuttings and sidewall cores from well 21-31, 4) Interpretation of Formation MicroImager (FMI) and Borehole Televiewer (BHTV) image logs for natural fractures and induced structures for well 21-31, 5) Injection test data and associated analytical model parameters from well testing of well 21-31.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2016

Ar-40-Ar-39 Age of an Impact-Melt Lithology in Lunar Meteorite Dhofar 961

The Dhofar 961 lunar meteorite was found in 2003 in Oman. It is texturally paired with Dhofar 925 and Dhofar 960 (though Dhofar 961 is more mafic and richer in incompatible elements). Several lines of reasoning point to the South Pole-Aitken Basin (SPA) basin as a plausible source (Figure 2): Mafic character of the melt-breccia lithic clasts consistent the interior of SPA, rules out feldspathic highlands. Compositional differences from Apollo impact-melt groups point to a provenance that is separated and perhaps far distant from the Procellarum KREEP Terrane SPA "hot spots" where Th concentrations reach 5 ppm and it has a broad "background" of about 2 ppm, similar to lithic clasts in Dhofar 961 subsamples If true, impact-melt lithologies in this meteorite may be unaffected by the Imbrium-forming event that is pervasively found in our Apollo sample collection, and instead record the early impact history of the Moon.

Impact-Melt Lithology↗
DOE OSTI2026

Time-Resolved Neutron Imaging for Hydrogen Uptake in Subsurface Lithologies

Geologic hydrogen production and underground storage are increasingly important for meeting rising energy demands while providing clean-combustion advantages. However, hydrogen’s high diffusivity and propensity for leakage through porous media necessitate direct evaluation of its transport behavior in subsurface materials. Whereas X-ray microcomputed tomography (μCT) studies often employ contrast agents or surrogate gases, this study leverages neutron transmission radiography/CT to observe hydrogen migration in situ. This work represents the first demonstration of real-time neutron radiography of hydrogen migration in reservoir and caprock lithologies. Cylindrical cores of Indiana limestone, Amherst Gray sandstone, and Tumey shale were subjected to constant-pressure hydrogen charging and scanned in real time using high-resolution neutron radiography. Results indicate immediate hydrogen infiltration in sandstone and limestone, with homogeneous distribution detected throughout their pore structure. In contrast, hydrogen remained largely absent from fine-grained shale under the same pressure, except in an apparently localized fracture zone, where neutron signatures confirmed the presence of hydrogen. Subsequent neutron CT of the sandstone sample, using image subtraction against an uncharged reference, corroborated hydrogen distribution patterns. Even under lowpressure, single-phase conditions, distinct neutron imaging signatures of hydrogen were achieved. These preliminary findings underscore the potential of neutron imaging for advancing subsurface hydrogen migration research.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2025

Kinetics of Pyrolysis and Thermal Evolution of Negev Desert Lithologies

The Negev desert in Israel is home to large quantities of organic-rich, shallow marine sedimentary lithologies that could potentially accommodate the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. Previous thermal analyses of Negev carbonates have focused on industrially relevant considerations such as natural gas and oil extraction or pyrolysis for recovering hydrocarbon fuels. Here, this study addresses thermal evolution of the Negev organic-rich carbonate, siliceous, and phosphorite rocks and associated chemical, mineralogical, and microstructural changes that may occur under prolonged thermal loading in the vicinity of spent nuclear fuel disposal systems. Our employed methods include high-temperature X-ray diffraction, high-temperature infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis integrating thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and mass spectrometry. Further, we apply iterative iso-conversional model-free methods to derive kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition of the Negev organic-rich carbonate rocks from 200 to 550 °C. Our results have provided mechanistic insights into the thermal evolution encompassing water desorption, decomposition of organic matter, and decarbonation of carbonate phases.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

In Situ Determination of Thermoelastic Properties of Magnesite at High Pressure and Temperature With Implications to Seismic Detectability of Moderately Carbonated Lithologies in the Earth's Mantle

Abstract Subduction of carbonate‐bearing oceanic plates into Earth's interior recycles carbon from the surface to the deep mantle. The subducted carbonates can significantly affect mantle properties and dynamics. Magnesite is recognized as one of the major potential carbon hosts in the deep mantle because of its stability up to deep lower mantle conditions. However, despite many previous studies on the equation of state and elastic properties of magnesite, large discrepancies still exist for its elastic moduli and their pressure and temperature derivatives. Here we report in situ density and elastic wave velocity measurements on a natural magnesite at simultaneous high pressure‐temperature conditions up to ∼8 GPa–1073 K in a multi‐anvil apparatus using ultrasonic and synchrotron X‐ray techniques. Global fitting of the data set to finite strain equations yieldsK S0 = 114.0 ± 1.2 GPa, = 4.9 ± 0.3, = (−0.019 ± 0.002) GPa/K,G 0 = 68.6 ± 0.4 GPa,G′ = 1.6 ± 0.1, and = (−0.018 ± 0.001) GPa/K. Compared to other major upper mantle and transition zone minerals, magnesite has intermediateV P , the lowestV S , and the lowest density. Thus, magnesite possesses higherV P /V S ratio than other mantle minerals in normal mantle regions, whereas this feature is less pronounced in subduction zone environments. Modeling of the velocity profiles of carbonated lithologies along different geotherms suggests that moderately‐enriched magnesite domains are unlikely to be detected seismically in the Earth's mantle.

Geochemistry & Geophysics↗
DOE OSTI2020

Shale drilling field notes, lithologic descriptions, and core photographs of wells PLM5, PLM8, GUM1, and GLS1 at the East River Watershed, Colorado

The purpose of this dataset is to maintain a record of the shale drilling field notes, lithologic descriptions, and core photographs taken at the PLM5 (Pumphouse Lower Montane Borehole #5), PLM8 (Pumphouse Lower Montane Borehole #8), GUM1 (Gothic Upper Montane Borehole #1), and GLS1 (GLS1 = Gothic Lower Subalpine Borehole #1) wells at the East River Watershed, Colorado during October 2018 through November 2019. The wells were created as part of data collection for the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Watershed Function Scientific Focus Area (WF SFA). This dataset consists of (1) detailed field notes and metadata (well locations, elevations, completion depths, and pressure transducer deployments) associated with drilling and coring activities accompanying the 2018 and 2019 installations of wells PLM5, PLM8, GUM1, and GLS1 and (2) high resolution photographs (*.png format) of all shale core recovered during the installations. Core photographs are labeled with location- and depth-specific names (e.g. PLM5_134-144ft), with the prefix (e.g. PLM5) indicating the well location and the suffix (e.g. 134-144ft) indicating the depth below ground surface of the recovered core. With the exception of core collected from well PLM5 from depths 0-59 feet, which were photographed by Tetsu Tokunaga in Berkeley, CA, all core was photographed by Kenneth H. Williams at the US Geological Survey core repository in Denver, Colorado, where all core samples are permanently archived.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗