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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Analyzing the Economic and Technical Potential of H2@Scale

H2@Scale is one of EERE's flagship initiatives to enable clean and affordable hydrogen production, storage, distribution, and utilization across multiple sectors in the economy. The January H2IQ hour will discuss results from a recent multi-laboratory analysis report quantifying the technical and economic potential of H2@Scale, given the use of hydrogen as an energy intermediate to integrate sectors in the U.S. energy system. Mark Ruth of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, the lead author of the report, will discuss specific examples of the role hydrogen can play in industry and transportation sectors, such as steelmaking, synthetic fuels, and blending into natural gas pipelines. He will also explain how hydrogen production can be integrated with the electric grid to monetize low-cost energy and incentivize growth in renewable energy supply. The H2IQ Hour will dive into estimates for future hydrogen consumption in current and emerging sectors, given R&D advances and varying prices of natural gas and electricity.

39 EE - Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies (EE-3F↗
DOE OSTI2022

Designing the PR100 Study: Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transition to 100% Renewable Energy

Puerto Rico has committed to meeting its electricity needs with 100% renewable energy by 2050, along with realizing interim goals of 40% by 2025, 60% by 2040, the phaseout of coal-fired generation by 2028, and a 30% improvement in energy efficiency by 2040 as established in Act 17. [1] To meet these goals and support widespread end-use electrification, the territory must explore how renewable energy and other generation technologies can be developed with energy storage, distributed generation, distribution control, electric vehicles, and energy efficient and responsive loads in each of Puerto Rico's cities and communities. To support Puerto Rico in reaching its renewable energy goals; help ensure energy system resilience against future extreme weather events; improve energy justice; and provide inputs to LUMA Energy's walk, jog, and run approach in its coordinated planning roadmap, the U.S. Department of Energy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratories propose to evaluate 100% renewable energy pathways through an integrated analysis process. This talk will present steps in designing a two-year study entitled Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy (PR100). [1] U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). 2020. Puerto Rico Territory Energy Profile.

100% renewable energy↗
DOE OSTI2023

Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy Study (PR100)

Puerto Rico has committed to meeting its electricity needs with 100% renewable energy by 2050, along with realizing interim goals of 40% by 2025, 60% by 2040, the phaseout of coal-fired generation by 2028, and a 30% improvement in energy efficiency by 2040 as established in Puerto Rico Energy Public Policy Act (Act 17). To meet these goals and support widespread end-use electrification, Puerto Rico is exploring renewable energy and innovative technologies for energy storage, distributed generation, distribution control, electric vehicles, and energy efficient and responsive loads that can be deployed in each of Puerto Rico's cities and communities. Launched in February 2022, a two-year study entitled Puerto Rico Grid Resilience and Transitions to 100% Renewable Energy (PR100) will perform a comprehensive analysis of stakeholder-driven pathways to Puerto Rico's clean energy future. This fact sheet describes the five activities this robust and objective energy analysis entails.

ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2026

An Autonomous MCP Bridge to Rucio: Enhancing Data Management Accessibility for High Energy Physics

The Rucio Data Management System [1] is an important tool used by High Energy Physics experiments, including those at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, to store and manage exabyte-scale scientific datasets. Despite its central role in coordinating data across globally distributed storage sites, Rucio's command line interface (CLI) presents a steep learning curve, and makes it difficult for scientists to navigate through. To solve this issue, a containerized Model Context Protocol (MCP) [2] server was built that connects Large Language Models directly to Rucio, allowing AI agents to handle data tasks by using simple, natural language rather than memorized terminal commands. The core engineering focus of this project was moving the server away from slow terminal commands that require text parsing and replacing them with a native Python Client API toolset and a planned REST API framework. Moving to the Python API handles data operations directly in memory, which helps clear up formatting errors, provides the AI with clean, structured JSON data and speeds up tool execution. To prove that the system actually works, a benchmarking pipeline was also built with various questions to test the AI across four different model configurations. The questions included finding data scopes, tracking down specific datasets, and checking replication rules. Through benchmarking, early runs showed that with raw terminal text, the model would get confused and stuck, whereas switching to the Python API to feed the AI clean, structured data yielded massive improvement. By creating an intelligent and autonomous bridge to a storage network, this project shows how AI can be implemented in scientific data management, which ultimately helps scientists at Fermilab spend less time sorting through data and more time focusing on their experiments and analysis.

Akella, Kashyap [William Rainey Harper Coll.]↗
DOE OSTI2021

ANALYSIS OF MULTIBUNCH SPECTRUM FOR AN UNEVEN BUNCH DISTRIBUTION IN A STORAGE RING

Modern storage-ring designs often require an uneven bunch distribution pattern. An uneven bunch fill pattern can result in complex structures for the beam current spectra. Particularly at high average beam currents, these complex current spectra need to be taken into account in concern of beam-dynamical effects. In this study, we analyze a beam current spectrum for various filling patterns with bunch trains and gaps. The characteristics of the resulting beam current spectra are illustrated and discussed.

Li, Rui↗
DOE OSTI2022

Coordinated operation of pumped-storage hydropower with power and water distribution systems

Small pumped-storage hydropower (PSH) units have gained popularity as distributed energy storage options that can provide flexibility to the operation of power distribution systems. Optimal operation of small PSH units is not only dependent on the energy storage provided to power distribution system, but also on the inflow and outflow of water from and to the water distribution system. Here, in this context, this paper develops an optimization model for coordinated operation of PSH units with power and water distribution systems. The proposed model optimizes the operation of water tanks, variable-speed pumps and PSH in pumping and generating modes to minimize the operation cost of power distribution system, while respecting the power flow constraints of power distribution and hydraulic constraints of water distribution system. Appropriate electricity tariffs are implemented to avoid additional expenses in water distribution system that can be enforced by its coordinated operation in favor of power distribution system. The proposed model is implemented on a 33-bus and a 123-bus test power distribution system connected to a 16-node test water distribution system. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed model in tapping PSH flexibility to reduce the operation cost of power and water distribution systems, while meeting the power and water demands.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Real-time well integrity monitoring in underground gas storage wells using distributed temperature and strain sensing: a field demonstration

Here, this article presents the first successful field demonstration of a combined distributed temperature and strain sensing (DTSS) system installed directly on newly replaced tubing in a 5400-ft-deep operational underground gas storage well. The DTSS system uses a single optical fiber to monitor temperature and strain in real-time, providing a cost-effective solution for long-term well integrity assessment. In this study, the strain–stress correlation of the tubing—representative of material behavior analysis—is investigated as a potential method for monitoring tubing integrity throughout its lifetime. Moreover, the DTSS system’s capability to support both continuous and discrete monitoring is evaluated by comparing future data with historical records, enabling the early detection of issues such as material fatigue, corrosion, or deformation. Overall, the work examines the effectiveness and scalability of the DTSS system for real-time monitoring of well operations and integrity in a newly replaced well.

Distributed Strain Sensing↗
DOE OSTI2026

Distributed Energy Resources and Storage [Slides]

This training offers an overview of distributed energy resources and storage, drawing on examples from the Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project. Examples of community technical assistance projects included in this training include projects in Guam and Deer Island and Stonington, Maine.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2020

Stochastic multi-period optimal dispatch of energy storage in unbalanced distribution feeders

This report presents a convex, multi-period, AC-feasible Optimal Power Flow (OPF) framework that robustly dispatches flexible demand-side resources in unbalanced distribution feeders against uncertainty in very-short timescale solar Photo-Voltaic (PV) forecasts. This is valuable for power systems with significant behind-the-meter solar PV generation as their operation is affected by uncertainty from forecasts of demand and solar PV generation. The aim of this work is then to ensure the feasibility and reliability of distribution system operation under high solar PV penetration. We develop and present a novel, robust OPF formulation that accounts for both the nonlinear power flow constraints and the uncertainty in forecasts. This is achieved by linearizing an optimal trajectory and using first-order methods to systematically tighten voltage bounds. Case studies on a realistic distribution feeder shows the effectiveness of a receding-horizon implementation.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Integration of Storage in the DC Link of a Full Converter-Based Distributed Wind Turbine

Energy storage is known to support the dispatchability of variable renewable resources. In this paper, we model a battery energy storage system (BESS) integrated with the DC link of a Type IV full converter-based wind turbine and the necessary controls to achieve efficient dispatch. To support the validation of control methodologies, we build a detailed model of a Type IV research wind turbine at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the Controls Advanced Research Turbine (CART 3), and we integrated a lithium-ion BESS model in grid-following mode into the model. The simulation results illustrate the sizing and control of the DC link-integrated BESS for a given variable wind resource and varying dispatch strategies (i.e., under constant, uncertain, and ramping wind scenarios). The integrated storage can smooth variabilities in distributed wind output, hedge against uncertainties, provide the ramping capability, as well as support stability under voltage and frequency transients. All of these have been illustrated in MATLAB/Simulink.

DC-link voltage↗
DOE OSTI2022

A Medium Voltage Three-Stage Power Converter Topology for Distribution Grid Scale Energy Storage Systems

This work proposes a three-stage converter topology with a medium frequency isolation transformer for direct integration of energy storage systems into medium voltage distribution grids. The distributed architecture of the topology, using standard AC/DC converters, has been developed with the aim of plug-and-play capability and voltage and power scalability. The medium frequency transformer facilitates improved power density, while its 20:1 voltage translation capability enables the use of limited voltage level (500 Vdc) of the commercially available batteries. This paper presents the topology structure and details how it can be scaled to reach the full range of the distribution grid voltages and the required power levels. A transformer design for 500 Hz rated frequency is discussed. The control scheme of the converter equipped with voltage support, frequency support, and black start capabilities is also presented. Control hardware-in-the-loop results using OPAL-RT, with converter switching models connected to a weak IEEE-4 node test feeder modified for the aforementioned grid services, are provided to show the topology feasibility.

Chinthavali, Madhu Sudhan↗
DOE OSTI2022

Resilience Metrics for Building-Level Electrical Distribution Systems with Energy Storage

The energy system infrastructure that delivers power to a building's loads needs to be resilient to withstand and recover from extreme outages (e.g., grid faults that leave millions of people without power during severe weather events). Building-level electrical distribution systems (BEDSs) distribute power from a building's energy sources - including the grid, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, and batteries - to its loads, including lighting, HVAC, and plug loads. BEDS with storage can provide resilience by distributing local electricity supply to critical loads during an outage. Quantitative metrics are needed to assess the resilience improvements associated with new BEDS and storage system technologies. In this paper, we apply an existing metric, the probability of outage survival curve (POSC), to BEDS with storage and propose novel metrics that improve upon POSC. Through a simulation-based case study, we demonstrate how these metrics are impacted by the BEDS design and how they can be used to design a resilient system.

buildings↗
DOE OSTI2022

Resilience Metrics for Building-Level Electrical Distribution Systems with Energy Storage: Preprint

The energy system infrastructure that delivers power to a building's loads needs to be resilient, such that it can withstand and recover from extreme outages (e.g., grid faults that leave millions of people without power during severe weather events). Building-level electrical distribution systems (BEDSs) distribute power from a building's energy sources - including the grid, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels, and batteries - to its loads, including lighting, HVAC, and plug loads. BEDS with storage can provide resilience by distributing local electricity supply to critical loads during an outage. Quantitative metrics are needed to assess the resilience improvements associated with new BEDS and storage system technologies. In this paper, we apply an existing metric, the probability of outage survival curve (POSC), to BEDS with storage and propose a set of novel metrics that improve upon POSC. Through a simulation-based case study, we demonstrate how these metrics are impacted by the BEDS design and how they can be used to design a resilient system.

buildings↗
DOE OSTI2022

Gaseous hydrogen storage system with cryogenic supply

A gaseous hydrogen storage and distribution system with a cryogenic supply and a method for the cryogenic conversion of liquid hydrogen into high-pressure gaseous hydrogen are provided. The gaseous hydrogen storage and distribution system includes pressuring liquid hydrogen from a cryogenic tank using a low pressure liquid pump before vaporization within a relatively small vaporizer. The resulting high pressure gaseous hydrogen is transferred to a plurality of storage tanks at ambient temperature according to a desired fill sequence. The high pressure hydrogen gas is subsequently distributed from the storage tanks through a hydrogen fueling dispenser according to a desired dispensing sequence. The present system and method provide improvements in operational safety, eliminates the use of high pressure gas compressor, and minimizes boiling off and ventilation losses at a reduced cost when compared to existing thermal compression storage systems.

Feng, Zhili↗
DOE OSTI2023

Energy Storage Sizing, Placement and Valuation for Distribution Networks

SAND2023-05682O The Energy Storage Sizing, Placement, and Valuation for Distribution software allows a user to simulate sizing, placement, and operation of one or more storage assets on a distribution grid. Among its features are measuring differences to determine the best combinations, and options for configuring and comparing results. This new simulation capability leverages the Open Distribution System Simulator and the Hierarchical Engine for Large-scale Infrastructure Co-Simulation (HELICS). Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525.

Tamrakar, Ujjwol↗