The coupled current charge compensation model for zirconium alloy fuel cladding oxidation: I. Parabolic oxidation of zirconium alloys
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In this study, synchrotron X-Ray transmission diffraction experiments were performed to study hydride precipitation and dissolution in the zirconium/zirconium-hydride system while it occurs. Evidence was found that the hysteresis between the terminal solid solubility for precipitation and dissolution is not observed when hydride particles are already present at the beginning of sample cooldown. Additionally, experimental results show that, during a temperature hold, the concentration of hydrogen in solid solution becomes lower than the terminal solid solubility for hydride precipitation and eventually reaches the terminal solid solubility for hydride dissolution, indicating that the latter is the actual thermodynamic solubility limit.
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We have performed a detailed x-ray diffraction structural study of Zr under pressure and unambiguously identify the existence of a first-order isostructural bcc-to-bcc phase transition near 58 GPa. First-principles quantum molecular dynamics calculations support the existence of this phase transition, in excellent agreement with experimental results, triggered by anharmonic effects. Lastly, our results highlight the potential ubiquity of anharmonically driven isostructural transitions within the periodic table under pressure and call for follow-up experimental and theoretical studies.
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