Application of Radar Imagery to a Geologic Problem at Glacier Peak Volcano, Washington
Conventional and radar aerial photographs of Glacier Peak Volcano, Washington
Tabor, R.↗
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Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, Annual Technical Symposium, 13th, Washington, D.C., August 19-23, 1968, Proceedings. Volume 1
Photo-optical instrumentation - Conference, Washington, D.C., August 1968, Volume 1
Source record↗
Radar and infrared imagery, Oregon and Washington coasts
Aerial radar and infrared imagery of coastal geology in Oregon and Washington
Mac Leod, N. S.↗
Lava tubes of the cave basalt, Mount Saint Helens, Washington
Geomorphology of basaltic lava tubes from Mount St. Helens, Washington
Greeley, R.↗
Meteorological observations and instrumentation, American Meteorological Society, Symposium, Washington, D.C., February 10-14, 1969, Proceedings
Meteorological observations and instrumentation - Conference, Washington, D.C., February 1969
Giraytys, J.↗
An examination of applications of remote sensing data to Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments' planning requirements
A comprehensive inventory of a series of remote sensing applications for a variety of regional planning programs in metropolitan Washington was undertaken. Examples of application, methods for data utilization, and corresponding photographic illustrations are provided illustrating how remote sensing would prove particularly useful as a unique and/or supplemental data source.
Mallon, H. J.↗
Parametric studies of North East Corridor rail passenger service between New York City and Washington, D. C.
Speed profiles of rail passenger service between New York City and Washington, D.C. were developed and showed progressively fewer speed restrictions and increasing maximum speeds. The significant equipment characteristics include the portion of the total weight on driven axles, i.e., multiple unit (MU) cars versus locomotive hauled trains, and the short term tractive effort rating of the motors. The ratio of acceleration plus braking time to total time is provided for validation of the use of the short term propulsion equipment ratings. Absolute trip times are shown to be determined primarily by the allowed speed profile. Locomotive hauled train weights and lengths and the locomotive capabilities and characteristics that are required to make the performance of this type of train comparable to that of MU trains are given.
Stallkamp, J. A.↗
Thermal surveillance of active volcanoes using the LANDSAT-1 data collection system. Part 3: Heat discharge from Mount St. Helens, Washington
The author has identified the following significant results. Two thermal anomalies, A at 2740 m altitude on the north slope, and B between 2650 and 2750 m altitude on the southwest slope at the contact of the dacite summit dome of Mount St. Helens, Washington were confirmed by aerial infrared scanner surveys between 1971 and 1973. LANDSAT 1 data collection platform 6166, emplaced at site B anomaly, transmitted 482 sets of temperature values in 1973 and 1974, suitable for estimating the differential radiatin emission as 84 W/sq m, approximately equivalent to the Fourier conductive flux of 89 W/sq m in the upper 15 cm below the surface. The differential geothermal flux, including heat loss via evaporation and convection, was estimated at 376 W/sq m. Total energy yield of Mount St. Helens probably ranges between 0.1 and 0.4 x 10 to the 6th power W.
Friedman, J. D.↗
The Washington experience (evaluation and selection of hardware for automated geo-based information systems)
A Washington geographic information system is described. The system has thrust from two different angles: the proprietary need for information to support the management of five million acres of thrust lands by the Department of Natural Resources, and the need for data over the entire state because of statewide governmental responsibilities. The data base includes information relevant to agricultural, forest, industrial, business, and community growth with emphasis on assembling information useful in setting intermediate and long-range goals. System selection procedures and system feasibility studies are discussed.
Harding, R. A.↗
Ambient airborne solids concentrations including volcanic ash at Hanford, Washington sampling sites subsequent to the Mount St. Helens eruption
Airborne solids concentrations were measured on a near daily basis at two Hanford, Washington sites after the eruption of Mount St. Helens on May 18, 1980. These sites are about 211 km east of Mount St. Helens. Collected airborne solids included resuspended volcanic ash plus normal ambient solids. Average airborne solids concentrations were greater at the Hanford meteorological station sampling site which is 24 km northwest of the Horn Rapids dam sampling site. These increased concentrations reflect the sampling site proximity to greater ash fallout depths. Both sites are in low ash fallout areas although the Hanford meteorological station site is closer to the greater ash fallout areas. Airborne solids concentrations were decreased by rain, but airborne solids concentrations rapidly increased as surfaces dried. Airborne concentrations tended to become nearly the same at both sampling sites only for July 12 and 13.
Sehmel, G. A.↗
Examples of sequential radar images from Washington, Arizona and Alaska
Radar image time sequences of three areas were obtained to illustrate the capability for change detection over time intervals that range from two to fourteen years. The image sequences show geomorphic changes caused by volcanic eruption at Mount St. Helens, Washington, changes that have resulted from mining activities in the Sierrita Mining District, Arizona, and differences in the Ikpikpuk River drainage area, Alaska, that are mostly dependent on imaging system characteristics. Enhancement, suppression or distortion of features on the images are related in each case to interaction between the illumination geometry of the imaging system and the characteristics of the terrane surface. The radar images are contrasted with Landsat multispectral scanner images to illustrate the importance of resolution and shadowing for feature perception.
Ford, J. P.↗
Quick Look Analysis of TM Data of the Washington, District of Columbia Area
A fixed factor analysis-of-variance (ANOVA) approach was used to quantify the impact of each TM sensor characteristic (spectral, spatial, and radiometric resolutions) on classification accuracy. All assessments were made relative to MSS sensor characteristics, and the impact of each characteristic was assessed individually, and in all possible combinations. Thematic Mapper data acquired over the Washington, D.C. area on November 2, 1982 were utilized to conduct the experiment. The following results were obtained: the reduction of quantization level from eight bits to six bits caused a decrease in overall accuracy (7%); the use of only three bands (TM 2, 3 and 4) covering the isible and near infrared portion of the spectrum caused a decrease in overall accuracy (7%); and the decrease in spatial resolution resulted in an increase in overall accuracy (4%). Results indicate that the increased radiometric and spectral resolution of the TM instrument do provide increased information content. The result of the spatial resolution degradation is somewhat misleading, in that the result is more a function of spatial resolution.
Williams, D. L.↗
Stratospheric water vapor variability for Washington, DC/Boulder, CO - 1964-82
Measurements for Washington, DC and Boulder, CO are combined to provide a time series of midlatitude stratospheric water vapor data for the period 1964-82. The mean concentration for the data period is shown to be nearly constant with altitude for the low stratospheric layer between 16-22 km with a mass mixing ratio for the layer of 2.5-2.6 ppmm. Above 22 km the mixing ratio increases slightly with altitude. Evident in the 60 mb level time series is an annual cycle, a quasi-biennial cycle and a long-term nonlinear trend. The quasi-biennial cycle in water vapor at midlatitudes is consistent with variations in tropical stratosphere zonal winds and temperature and total ozone and suggests a modulation of the Hadley cell circulation. The long-term trend shows mixing ratio increasing during the 1960s and decreasing in the 1970s after 1972.
Mastenbrook, H. J.↗
Quick Look Analysis of TM Data of the Washington, District of Columbia, Area
Classification capabilities with TM data result from the interactive effects of all of the sensor's attributes which complicates a more quantitative evaluation of the effects of individual sensor improvements. An experiment conducted to quantify the effect of individual sensor parameters (e.g., spectral, spatial, and radiometric resolution) on classification accuracy is described on classification accuracy. Preliminary results obtained using TM data acquired over the Washington, D.C., area indicate that the additional number of spectral bands and quantization levels of the TM relative to the MSS increase capabilities for the recognition and discrimination of land cover/use categories by per-pixel maximum likelihood classification. The refinement of spatial resolution, however, seems to hinder classification.
Williams, D. L.↗
Bio-optical profile data report coastal transition zone program, R/V Thomas Washington, June 24 - July 21, 1988
Twenty-three vertical profiles of the bio-optical properties of the ocean were made during a research cruise on the R/V Thomas Washington, June 24 to July 21, 1988, as part of the Coastal Transition Zone Program off Point Arena, California. A summary is given, to provide investigators with an overview of the data collected. The entire data set is available in digital form for interested researchers.
Davis, Curtiss O.↗
Recent results from the University of Washington's 38 mm ram accelerator
The ram accelerator is a propulsive device that accelerates projectiles using gasdynamic cycles similar to those which generate thrust in airbreathing ramjets. The projectile, analogous to the centerbody of a ramjet, travels supersonically through a stationary tube containing a gaseous fuel and oxidizer mixture. The projectile itself carries no onboard propellant. A combustion zone follows the projectile and stabilizes the shock structure. The resulting pressure distribution continuously accelerates the projectile. Several modes of ram accelerator operation have been investigated experimentally and theoretically. At velocities below the Chapman-Jouguet (C-J) detonation speed of the propellant mixture, the thermally choked propulsion mode accelerates the projectiles. At projectile velocities between approximately 90 and 110 percent of the C-J speed, a transdetonative propulsion mode occurs. At velocities beyond 110 percent of the C-J speed, projectiles experience superdetonative propulsion. This paper presents recent experimental results from these propulsion modes obtained with the University of Washington's 38-mm bore ram accelerator. Data from investigations with hydrogen diluted-gas mixtures are also introduced.
De Turenne, J. A.↗
Washington Double Star Catalog Cross Index (1950 position sort)
A machine-readable version of the Washington Catalog of Visual Double Stars (WDS) was prepared in 1984 on the basis of a data file that was collected and maintained for more than a century by a succession of double-star observers. Although this catalog is being continually updated, a new copy for distribution is not expected to be available for a few years. The WDS contains DM numbers, but many of these are listed only in the notes, which makes it difficult to search for double-star information, except by position. Hence, a cross index that provides complete DM identifications is desirable, and it appears useful to add HD numbers for systems in that catalog. Aitken Double Star (ADS) numbers were retained from the WDS, but no attempt was made to correct these except for obvious errors.
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Modeling ozone episodes in the Baltimore-Washington region
Surface ozone (O3) concentrations in excess of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) continue to occur in metropolitan areas in the United States despite efforts to control emissions of O3 precursors. Future O3 control strategies will be based on results from modeling efforts that have just begun in many areas. Two initial questions that arise are model sensitivity to domain-specific conditions and the selection of episodes for model evaluation and control strategy development. For the Baltimore-Washington region (B-W), the presence of the Chesapeake Bay introduces a number of issues relevant to model sensitivity. In this paper, the specific questions of the determination of model volume (mixing height) for the Urban Airshed Model (UAM) is discussed and various alternative methods compared. For the latter question, several analytic approaches, Cluster Analysis and classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis are undertaken to determine meteorological conditions associated with severe O3 events in the B-W domain.
Ryan, William F.↗