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DOE OSTI2012

Argonne National Laboratory Annual Report of Laboratory Directed Research and Development program activities FY 2011.

As a national laboratory Argonne concentrates on scientific and technological challenges that can only be addressed through a sustained, interdisciplinary focus at a national scale. Argonne's eight major initiatives, as enumerated in its strategic plan, are Hard X-ray Sciences, Leadership Computing, Materials and Molecular Design and Discovery, Energy Storage, Alternative Energy and Efficiency, Nuclear Energy, Biological and Environmental Systems, and National Security. The purposes of Argonne's Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program are to encourage the development of novel technical concepts, enhance the Laboratory's research and development (R and D) capabilities, and pursue its strategic goals. projects are selected from proposals for creative and innovative R and D studies that require advance exploration before they are considered to be sufficiently developed to obtain support through normal programmatic channels. Among the aims of the projects supported by the LDRD Program are the following: establishment of engineering proof of principle, assessment of design feasibility for prospective facilities, development of instrumentation or computational methods or systems, and discoveries in fundamental science and exploratory development.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

DOE OSTI2022

Ames National Laboratory, Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program: FY2022 Annual Summary

Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) projects at Ames National Laboratory are compelling, collaborative, and mission-oriented research that accelerate progress in our strategic directions. The aim of these projects is to strengthen Ames National Laboratory’s emerging scientific leaders and core capabilities, to further enhance our scientific and technological vitality by stimulating R&D innovation in support of the Laboratory’s foundational strengths and strategic initiatives, and to build capabilities to respond to rapidly emerging R&D opportunities of clear potential benefit to DOE’s mission. LDRD funding strengthens our core capabilities either by exploiting targets of opportunity in expanding current capabilities, or by exploring and implementing new capabilities that provide scientific advantages and position Ames National Laboratory to be a leader in existing and emerging scientific fields. For FY2022, the Ames National Laboratory LDRD focused on transformative science to accelerate progress in our strategic directions, especially the initiatives discussed below. Of particular interest are areas that span multiple disciplines, or that develop new technical capabilities that enhance our ability to address our strategic directions.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2026

Site-Directed Research & Development Program FY 2025 Annual Report

Fiscal year 2025 annual report for the Nevada National Security Sites' Site-Directed Research and Development (SDRD) Program. Contains an overview of the SDRD program's accomplishments for FY 2025 and individual project summaries.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

DOE OSTI2023

Safeguards Technolgy Development Program FY2023 Mid-Year Report

We will develop specific aspects of ultra-high-resolution microcalorimetry that support IAEA NML needs in preparation for transfer of the technology. Two techniques will be considered: gamma spectroscopy for nondestructive isotopic analysis of milligram- to gram-scale uranium and plutonium samples, and decay energy spectroscopy (DES) for isotopic analysis of specially prepared nanogram- to microgram-scale samples of alpha decaying actinides.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2017

Status of the 16 T Dipole Development Program for a Future Hadron Collider

A next step of energy increase of hadron colliders beyond the LHC requires high-field superconducting magnets capable of providing a dipolar field in the range of 16 T in a 50-mm aperture with accelerator quality. These elements could meet the requirements for an upgrade of the LHC to twice the present beam energy or for a 100-TeV center of mass energy future circular collider. Here, we summarize the activities and plans for the development of these magnets, in particular within the 16 T Magnet Technology Program, the WP5 of the EuroCirCol, and the U.S. Magnet Development Program.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2014

Argonne National Laboratory Annual Report of Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program Activities FY 2014

Every day, scientists and engineers at Argonne National Laboratory make impor-tant discoveries that translate into a real difference in the world, working towards the Lab’s mission to develop energy solutions, preserve the environment, pro-tect the nation, and help the economy thrive.Argonne’s Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program is key to advancing our leadership in science and technology and enables us to explore new ideas, build new capabilities, and address emerging research opportunities.LDRD is an invaluable resource for contributing to the future science and tech-nology needs of DOE and the nation. It helps us investigate new directions for Department programs while being able to adapt to new opportunities in a changing environment. Equally crucially, it serves to maintain and enhance the capabilities of both our staff and our R&D facilities.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2015

SLAC Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program: FY2014 Annual Report

The Department of Energy (DOE) and the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) encourage innovation, creativity, originality and quality to maintain the Laboratory’s research activities and staff at the forefront of science and technology. To further advance the Laboratory’s scientific research capabilities, the Laboratory allocates a portion of its funds for the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program. With DOE guidance, the LDRD program enables SLAC scientists to make rapid and significant contributions to seeding new strategies for solving important national science and technology problems. The LDRD program is conducted using existing research facilities. The project proposals can be characterized as: Small-scale research and development activities or pilot projects; Bench-scale research projects; and Information gathering, computer modeling, conceptual design and feasibility studies. In addition to building new core competencies that support the DOE missions, the LDRD project proposals may also conduct scientific research and development that support the missions of other federal agencies and/or non-federal sponsors. In FY2014, SLAC continued to see some of the previously funded LDRD programs transition to follow on funding with the Office of Science, (including an Early Career Award), EERE and other agencies such as DARPA and NIH. This external validation shows that the projects selected were important to continuing forefront science and use-inspired applications with mission relevance and demonstrates they were delivering significant results. Annual reports for the FY14 project activities are included in this report.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2022

Nuclear Global Talent Development Program (Final Report)

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have developed sorption database named as L-SCIE (LLNL Surface Complexation/Ion Exchange). This framework (L-SCIE) includes not only a community database of sorption data but also a fitting workflow to produce optimized surface complexation reaction constants. Through this fellowship program we have updated the L-SCIE database for selenium (Se) sorption and potentiometric titration data of iron oxides. In addition, the relevant surface complexation models (SCMs) have been updated and details in model construction are given in the following section.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

DOE OSTI2014

Methane Hydrate Field Program: Development of a Scientific Plan for a Methane Hydrate-Focused Marine Drilling, Logging and Coring Program

This final report document summarizes the activities undertaken and the output from three primary deliverables generated during this project. This fifteen month effort comprised numerous key steps including the creation of an international methane hydrate science team, determining and reporting the current state of marine methane hydrate research, convening an international workshop to collect the ideas needed to write a comprehensive Marine Methane Hydrate Field Research Plan and the development and publication of that plan. The following documents represent the primary deliverables of this project and are discussed in summary level detail in this final report: Historical Methane Hydrate Project Review Report; Methane Hydrate Workshop Report; Topical Report: Marine Methane Hydrate Field Research Plan; and Final Scientific/Technical Report.

03 NATURAL GAS↗

DOE OSTI2016

2016 Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research & Development Program Plan

Fermilab is executing Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) as outlined by order DOE O 413.2B in order to enhance and realize the mission of the laboratory in a manner that also supports the laboratory’s strategic objectives and the mission of the Department of Energy. LDRD funds enable scientific creativity, allow for exploration of “high risk, high payoff” research, and allow for the demonstration of new ideas, technical concepts, and devices. LDRD also has an objective of maintaining and enhancing the scientific and technical vitality of Fermilab. LDRD is able to fund employee-initiated proposals that address the current strategic objectives and better position Fermilab for future mission needs. The request for such funds is made in consideration of the investment needs, affordability, and directives from DOE and Congress. Review procedures of the proposals will insure that those proposals which most address the strategic goals of the DOE and the Laboratory or which best position Fermilab for the future will be recommended to the Laboratory Director who has responsibility for approval. The execution of each approved project will be the responsibility of the Principal Investigator, PI, who will follow existing Laboratory guidelines to ensure compliance with safety, environmental, and quality assurance practices. A Laboratory Director-appointed LDRD Coordinator will work with Committees, Laboratory Management, other Fermilab Staff, and the PI’s to oversee the implementation of policies and procedures of LDRD and provide the management and execution of this Annual Program Plan. FY16 represents third fiscal year in which LDRD has existed at Fermilab. The number of preliminary proposals (117) submitted in response to the LDRD Call for Proposals indicates very strong interest of the program within the Fermilab community. The first two Calls have resulted in thirteen active LDRD projects – and it is expected that between five and seven new projects will be approved in response to the FY16 Call for Proposals. The implementation of the program compared with FY15 is mostly unchanged except that the program is on the expected normal fiscal year calendar cycle with new projects starting at the beginning of the fiscal year. Because of this, there is some expanded discussion that the Laboratory Director may decide to initiate mid-year Late Start or Strategic- Hire LDRD projects.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

DOE OSTI2016

2014 Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research & Development Program Plan

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DOE OSTI2015

2015 Fermilab Laboratory Directed Research & Development Program Plan

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

DOE OSTI2013

Methane Hydrate Field Program. Development of a Scientific Plan for a Methane Hydrate-Focused Marine Drilling, Logging and Coring Program

This topical report represents a pathway toward better understanding of the impact of marine methane hydrates on safety and seafloor stability and future collection of data that can be used by scientists, engineers, managers and planners to study climate change and to assess the feasibility of marine methane hydrate as a potential future energy resource. Our understanding of the occurrence, distribution and characteristics of marine methane hydrates is incomplete; therefore, research must continue to expand if methane hydrates are to be used as a future energy source. Exploring basins with methane hydrates has been occurring for over 30 years, but these efforts have been episodic in nature. To further our understanding, these efforts must be more regular and employ new techniques to capture more data. This plan identifies incomplete areas of methane hydrate research and offers solutions by systematically reviewing known methane hydrate “Science Challenges” and linking them with “Technical Challenges” and potential field program locations.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2015

The Use of Underground Research Laboratories to Support Repository Development Programs. A Roadmap for the Underground Research Facilities Network.

Under the auspices of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), nationally developed underground research laboratories (URLs) and associated research institutions are being offered for use by other nations. These facilities form an Underground Research Facilities (URF) Network for training in and demonstration of waste disposal technologies and the sharing of knowledge and experience related to geologic repository development, research, and engineering. In order to achieve its objectives, the URF Network regularly sponsors workshops and training events related to the knowledge base that is transferable between existing URL programs and to nations with an interest in developing a new URL. This report describes the role of URLs in the context of a general timeline for repository development. This description includes identification of key phases and activities that contribute to repository development as a repository program evolves from an early research and development phase to later phases such as construction, operations, and closure. This information is cast in the form of a matrix with the entries in this matrix forming the basis of the URF Network roadmap that will be used to identify and plan future workshops and training events.

MacKinnon, Robert J.↗

DOE OSTI2016

Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program: FY 2015 Annual Report

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗

DOE OSTI2020

A Systematic Assessment of US Food and Drug Administration Dosing Recommendations For Drug Development Programs Amenable to Response‐Guided Titration

A key goal in drug development is optimized dosing for patients. Interactions between drug developers and regulatory scientists throughout development are important for the optimization of dosing and serve as a forum to discuss approaches for optimal dosing, such as precision or individualized dosing. To date, there has not been a systematic assessment of the advice provided by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to drug developers from an individualized dosing perspective. Here, we reviewed FDA recommendations on dose selection for efficacy trials at end‐of‐phase meetings between the FDA and drug developers for 76 new molecular entities approved between 2013 and 2017 that are considered amenable for an individualized dosing method, response‐guided titration. Forty FDA dosing recommendations were identified as specific to dose selection and design of the respective efficacy trials and subsequently: (i) characterized based on if they were supportive of individualized dosing and (ii) compared with dosing regimens used in efficacy trials and labeling at approval to evaluate if FDA recommendations were implemented. Of these 40 recommendations for efficacy trials, 35 (88%) were considered supportive of individualized dosing. Eighteen of these 40 recommendations (45%) were incorporated into efficacy trials and 11 (28%) were incorporated into labeling. This research suggests that early FDA‐sponsor interactions can support the study of doses in efficacy trials that may lead to individualized dosing strategies in labeling.

Wang, Lingshan↗

DOE OSTI2017

Status update on the US ODS development program

Three papers are attached highlighting some recent progress in the development and testing of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened ferritic steels in tube and plate form. Aydogan et al. (2016) and Alam et al. (2016) papers summarize testing and characterization that has been performed on plate and tube materials. In the Alam et al. paper it was noted that after cross-rolling plate material of 14YWT, microcracks were formed. This resulted from an (001) texture in the plane normal to the plate causing cracking microcracking within that plane. Such microcracking affects low temperature tensile properties up to 200C. It was not seen in tube material produced by hydrostatic extrusion. In the Aydogan et al. (2016) paper characterization was performed on tubes produced from the ODS material, 14YWT. Tubes were formed through hydrostatic extrusion of plate material and hydrostatic extrusion of spray formed tubes. It was noted that strong texture on {001}<110> was formed in the plate material while shear deformation during hot extrusion produced a strong <111> ll ND texture component. In the Aydogan et al. (2017) paper detailed analysis was performed on the change in oxide size with ion irradiation to doses >500 dpa at 450C. The results show strong stability for the 2-4 nm oxide particles with a reduction in size ~25% after 270 dpa and an increase in density.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2020

Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program (FY 2019 Annual Summary of Completed Projects)

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) largest multiprogram science, technology, and energy laboratory with distinctive capabilities in neutron science, computing, advanced materials, and nuclear science and technology. Using these capabilities, ORNL conducts basic and applied research and development (R&D) to support DOE’s overarching mission to “ensure America’s security and prosperity by addressing its energy, environmental and nuclear challenges through transformative science and technology solutions.” As a national resource, ORNL also applies its capabilities and skills to specific needs of other federal agencies and customers through the DOE Strategic Partnership Projects (SPP) program. Information about the laboratory and its programs is available at the ORNL website. The Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program at ORNL operates under the authority of the DOE Order 413.2C, “Laboratory Directed Research and Development,” which establishes DOE’s requirements for the program while providing the laboratory director broad flexibility for program implementation. The LDRD program funds are obtained through a charge to all laboratory programs. ORNL reports on the program status to DOE each year.

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