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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Superconducting Properties of LaSn{sub 3} Under Positive Hydrostatic Pressure

Superconducting properties of LaSn{sub 3} were calculated at ambient and applied positive hydrostatic pressure. The lattice structure of LaSn{sub 3} remained stable at ambient and all applied positive hydrostatic pressures due to the positive frequency of phonon dispersion plots for all modes of vibrations. The electron-phonon coupling constant (λ{sub ep}) and superconducting transition temperature (T{sub c}) show an almost linear decrease with positive hydrostatic pressure. The majority of electron‑electron interaction is mediated by acoustic modes of vibration in comparison to optical modes of vibrations.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
NASA NTRS2019

Time Resolved Irradiance of an Integrating Sphere Illuminated by a Mode-Locked Optical Parametric Oscillator

Tunable laser based illumination sources have been adopted by a number of recent hyperspectral instruments for pre-launch spectral radiometric calibration. Some of these sources use mode-locked cavity configurations, which produce a pulse train and create an undesirable fluctuation in the radiometric source at the mode locking frequency. Although typically this frequency is several orders of magnitude higher than the instrument response, care must be taken to ensure the resultant calibration is not biased due to detector or electronic saturation effects. The temporal averaging properties of an integrating sphere can be used to reduce high frequency fluctuations to an acceptable level. In this work, the time resolved output of an integrating sphere coupled with a mode-locked source was measured. A 76 cm diameter sphere with 30 cm output aperture was illuminated using a mode-locked pulse train at 76 MHz, with single pulse durations of 12 ps. The time constant of the sphere was found to be 36 ns, and the resultant temporal averaging of pulses produced a maximum time varying irradiance at the output of 20% of the mean. The form of this time variance is a sawtooth pattern, with a sharp rise during the introduction of each pulse into the sphere followed by a slower decay between pulses. A comparison of instrument calibration data generated with this integrating sphere using both a mode locked source and a continuous wave source is also given. .

McAndrew, Brendan↗
NASA NTRS1974

High pressure far infrared spectroscopy of ionic solids

A high-pressure far-infrared cell operating at up to truly hydrostatic pressures of 8 kbar is described and used to determine the anharmonic self-energies associated with the transverse optic modes of ionic solids in which q approximately equals zero. The cell allows far-infrared studies in the spectral range below 120 reciprocal cm. The transverse optic modes were investigated to determine their mode Gruneisen constants and the pressure dependence of their inverse lifetimes in RbI, CsI, and TlCl.

Lowndes, R. P.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Tunable near-perfect absorption through interaction between localized surface plasmons modes in optical metamaterials

A hybrid metamaterial absorber is designed and simulated in 4.0–6.0 μm region based on temperature sensitive material vanadium dioxide (VO{sub 2}). A broad absorption band (bandwidth is 0.28 μm) is achieved based on two local surface plasmon (LSP) modes resonance at room temperature. The effective parameter calculation results indicate that near ideally impedance matching condition is achieved in the absorption band. The absorption band is expanded and shifted to longer resonance wavelength with the lattice constant reducing or the size of central metal particle increasing. Furthermore, new resonant absorption behaviors are achieved through rising the simulated temperature. A new absorption peak is obtained due to the coupled between LSP modes, which are excited on edges of VO{sub 2} particles, while the original absorption band is shifted to longer resonance wavelength.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
NASA NTRS2011

Sub-Shot Noise Power Source for Microelectronics

Low-current, high-impedance microelectronic devices can be affected by electric current shot noise more than they are affected by Nyquist noise, even at room temperature. An approach to implementing a sub-shot noise current source for powering such devices is based on direct conversion of amplitude-squeezed light to photocurrent. The phenomenon of optical squeezing allows for the optical measurements below the fundamental shot noise limit, which would be impossible in the domain of classical optics. This becomes possible by affecting the statistical properties of photons in an optical mode, which can be considered as a case of information encoding. Once encoded, the information describing the photon (or any other elementary excitations) statistics can be also transmitted. In fact, it is such information transduction from optics to an electronics circuit, via photoelectric effect, that has allowed the observation of the optical squeezing. It is very difficult, if not technically impossible, to directly measure the statistical distribution of optical photons except at extremely low light level. The photoelectric current, on the other hand, can be easily analyzed using RF spectrum analyzers. Once it was observed that the photocurrent noise generated by a tested light source in question is below the shot noise limit (e.g. produced by a coherent light beam), it was concluded that the light source in question possess the property of amplitude squeezing. The main novelty of this technology is to turn this well-known information transduction approach around. Instead of studying the statistical property of an optical mode by measuring the photoelectron statistics, an amplitude-squeezed light source and a high-efficiency linear photodiode are used to generate photocurrent with sub-Poissonian electron statistics. By powering microelectronic devices with this current source, their performance can be improved, especially their noise parameters. Therefore, a room-temperature sub-shot noise current source can be built that will be beneficial for a very broad range of low-power, low-noise electronic instruments and applications, both cryogenic and room-temperature. Taking advantage of recent demonstrations of the squeezed light sources based on optical micro-disks, this sub-shot noise current source can be made compatible with the size/power requirements specific of the electronic devices it will support.

Strekalov, Dmitry V.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Coherent band-edge oscillations and dynamic longitudinal-optical phonon mode splitting as evidence for polarons in perovskites

The coherence of collective modes, such as phonons and polarons, and their modulation of electronic states is long sought in complex systems, which is a crosscutting issue in photovoltaics and quantum electronics. In photovoltaic cells and lasers based on metal halide perovskites, the presence of polarons, i.e., photocarriers dressed by the macroscopic motion of charged lattice, assisted by terahertz (THz) longitudinal-optical (LO) phonons, has been intensely studied yet is still debated. This may be key for explaining the remarkable properties of the perovskite materials, e.g., defect tolerance, long charge lifetimes, and diffusion lengths. In this work we use the intense single-cycle THz pulse with peak electric field up to E THz = 1000 kV/cm to drive coherent polaronic band-edge oscillations at room temperature in CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 (MAPbI 3 ). We reveal the oscillatory behavior is dominated by a specific quantized lattice vibration mode at $ω$ LO ~ 4 THz, which is both dipole and momentum forbidden. THz-driven coherent polaron dynamics exhibits distinguishing features: room temperature coherent oscillations at ω LO longer than 1 ps in both single crystals and thin films, mode-selective modulation of different band-edge states assisted by electron-phonon interaction, and dynamic mode splitting at low temperature due to entropy and anharmonicity of organic cations. Our results demonstrate intense THz-driven coherent band-edge modulation is a powerful probe of electron-lattice coupling phenomena and polaronic quantum control in perovskites.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2006

Optical filter having coupled whispering-gallery-mode resonators

Optical filters having at least two coupled whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical resonators to produce a second order or higher order filter function with a desired spectral profile. At least one of the coupled WGM optical resonators may be tunable by a control signal to adjust the filtering function.

Savchenkov, Anatoliy↗
NASA NTRS2008

Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator with Orthogonally Reconfigurable Filter Function

An optical resonator has been developed with reconfigurable filter function that has resonant lines that can be shifted precisely and independently from each other, creating any desirable combination of resonant lines. This is achieved by changing the axial distribution of the effective refractive index of the resonator, which shifts the resonant frequency of particular optical modes, leaving all the rest unchanged. A reconfigurable optical filter is part of the remote chemical detector proposed for the Mars mission (Planetary Instrument Definition and Development Program PIDDP), but it is also useful for photonic communications devices.

Maleki, Lute↗
NASA NTRS1977

Optical fiber waveguide sagnac interferometer. Phase 1: Multiturn one meter diameter, single mode

A rotating ring interferometer was constructed using a 100 meters of single mode optical fiber wound on a crystal cylinder. A 20 inch diameter fiber interferometer gyroscope was built and its sensitivity was evaluated. Major noise sources were identified and improvements for the next phase of development were determined. The accuracy of .01 of a fringe can be improved to .0001 by the removal of the noise source.

Vali, V.↗