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DOE OSTI2024

Student Support for the “Frontiers in Attosecond & Ultrafast X-ray Science” School

The new millennium witnessed two revolutionary breakthroughs in ultrafast x-ray science: table-top XUV sources based on high harmonic generation in gases ushered in the attosecond era while facility-based x-ray free-electron lasers opened the path for intense, femtosecond hard x-rays. This award requested scholarship funds for a 2019 and 2023 School whose prime objective was the training of young scientists in these emerging complementary areas both relevant to DOE BES mission. The school entitled the “Frontiers of Attosecond and Ultrafast X-ray Science (FAXS)” (http://www.erice-attosecond.it/) was the second and fourth in a series, which began in 2017. The two Schools were held during March 10-16, 2019 and March 26-31, 2023 at the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture (http://www.ccsem.infn.it/) in Erice, Sicily. The DOE funds supported the registration fee for young scientists (graduate students and postdocs) from US institutions. The registration fees included School participation, lodging and meals over the duration of the School. Note, the third addition of the School was held in 2022 as a virtual event due to the pandemic, DOE funds were not necessary for this event. The FAXS School is a course of the 62th and 63rd International School of Quantum Electronics under the directorship of Prof. Diederik Wiersma (University of Florence). The Directors for the FAXS School are Louis DiMauro (The Ohio State University, USA) and Mauro Nisoli (Politecnico di Milano, Italy). The FAXS School program consisted of approximately 10 lectures by leading experts in attosecond and x-ray science (see attached list). Most lecturers delivered a series of three 1-hour lectures. The lecturers were required to spend the full 5 days at the school so to promote interaction with the students. The Erice Majorana Center venue accommodated ~75 young scientists. The registration fee covered the cost of participating in the school, lodging and meals for the entire duration of the school. The schedule consisted of lectures every morning and afternoon except for one afternoon that was reserved for an archaeological excursion. Every evening had a student/postdoc poster session and social gatherings at the Majorana Center to encourage further interaction of all participants and lecturers. The two FAXS Schools attracted an international group of young scientists. The DOE funds supported the registration fee for 11 students/postdocs from US institutions (5 supported in 2019 and 6 supported in 2023). The management of the DOE fellowships were administered through the Research Foundation of The Ohio State University. FAXS scholarships for European students/postdocs were provided by European funding sources administered by co-Director, Prof. Nisoli. All students/postdocs were encouraged to present a poster. Travel expenses to the FAXS School were the responsibility of the student/postdoc home institution.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

NASA NTRS1984

NASA Ames summary high school apprenticeship research program, 1983 research papers

Engineering enrollments are rising in universities; however, the graduate engineer shortage continues. Particularly, women and minorities will be underrepresented for years to come. As one means of solving this shortage, Federal agencies facing future scientific and technological challenges were asked to participate in the Summer High School Apprenticeship Research Program (SHARP). This program was created 4 years ago to provide an engineering experience for gifted female and minority high school students at an age when they could still make career and education decisions. The SHARP Program is designed for high school juniors (women and minorities) who are U.S. citizens, are 16 years old, and who have unusually high promise in mathematics and science through outstanding academic performance in high school. Students who are accepted into this summer program will earn as they learn by working 8 hours a day in a 5-day work week. This work-study program features weekly field trips, lectures and written reports, and job experience related to the student's career interests.

Powell, P.↗

NASA NTRS2014

U.S. Spacesuit Knowledge Capture Accomplishments in Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013

The NASA U.S. spacesuit knowledge capture (KC) program has been in operations since the beginning 2008. The program was designed to augment engineers and others with information about spacesuits in a historical way. A multitude of seminars have captured spacesuit history and knowledge over the last six years of the programs existence. Subject matter experts have provided lectures and were interviewed to help bring the spacesuit to life so that lessons learned will never be lost. As well, the program concentrated in reaching out to the public and industry by making the recorded events part of the public domain through the NASA technical library via You Tube media. The U.S. spacesuit KC topics have included lessons learned from some of the most prominent spacesuit experts and spacesuit users including current and former astronauts. The events have enriched the spacesuit legacy knowledge from Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, Space Shuttle and International Space Station Programs. As well, expert engineers and scientists have shared their challenges and successes to be remembered. The last few years have been some of the most successful years of the KC program program's life with numerous recordings and releases to the public. It is evidenced by the thousands that have view the recordings online. This paper reviews the events accomplished and archived over Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013 and highlights a few of the most memorable ones. This paper also communicates ways to access the events that are available internally to NASA as well as in the public domain.

Chullen, Cinda↗

NASA NTRS2004

Wright Flyer Project

The wind tunnel test results have been published in the literature as summarized at the end of this report. As part of the education program, an introduction to engineering course module was designed and tested on 80 freshman engineering students at Old Dominion University. The five-week module required that five-person teams design, build and fly a radio-controlled airplane using only the wind tunnel data developed by the Wright brothers in 1902. That module is described in Sparks and Ash (2001). The Principal Investigator has co-authored one dozen publications resulting from this research, as listed at the end of this report. The Principal Investigator has given fourteen lectures on the Wright brother testing program and has appeared in two documentary television programs (summarized at the end of this report). Speaking invitations have continued since the completion of the project.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2014

U.S. Spacesuit Knowledge Capture Accomplishments in Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013

The NASA U.S. Spacesuit Knowledge Capture (KC) program has existed since the beginning of 2008. The program was designed to augment engineers and other technical team members with historical spacesuit information to add to their understanding of the spacesuit, its evolution, its limitations, and its capabilities. Over 40 seminars have captured spacesuit history and knowledge over the last six years of the program's existence. Subject matter experts have provided lectures and some were interviewed to help bring the spacesuit to life so that lessons learned will never be lost. As well, the program concentrated in reaching out to the public and industry by making the recorded events part of the public domain through the NASA technical library through YouTube media. The U.S. Spacesuit KC topics have included lessons learned from some of the most prominent spacesuit experts and spacesuit users including current and former astronauts. The events have enriched the spacesuit legacy knowledge from Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, Space Shuttle and International Space Station Programs. As well, expert engineers and scientists have shared their challenges and successes to be remembered. Based on evidence by the thousands of people who have viewed the recordings online, the last few years have been some of the most successful years of the KC program's life with numerous digital recordings and public releases. This paper reviews the events accomplished and archived over Fiscal Years 2012 and 2013 and highlights a few of the most memorable ones. This paper also communicates ways to access the events that are available internally on the NASA domain as well as those released on the public domain.

Chullen, Cinda↗

DOE OSTI2018

9 th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS 2018)

The 9th American Conference on Neutron Scattering (ACNS) was held June 24-28, 2018 in College Park, Maryland. The meeting was coordinated by the Neutron Scattering Society of America (NSSA) and attracted 335 registered attendees. The meeting was chaired by NSSA vice president Patrick Woodward (The Ohio State University) assisted by NSSA president Despina Louca (University of Virginia, NSSA secretary Katherine Page (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), and local organizing chairs Rob Briber (University of Maryland) and Peter Gehring (NIST Gaithersburg). As in past years, the Materials Research Society assisted with planning, logistics and operation of the conference. The meeting schedule consisted of a morning common session featuring a lecture by a scientist receiving an award from the NSSA and a plenary lecture. The remainder of the scientific program consisted of four parallel sessions featuring invited and contributed talks together with poster sessions in the afternoon / evening. The science program was coordinated by program co-chairs Efrain Rodriguez (University of Maryland) and Matt Helgeson (University of California Santa Barbara) and was divided into the following research areas: (a) Advances in Neutron Methods; (b) Hard Condensed Matter; (c) Soft Matter; (d) Biological Structures and Dynamics; (e) Neutrons for Energy and Sustainability; (f) Materials Chemistry and Synthesis; (g) Structural Materials and Engineering; and (h) Neutron Physics.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2022

Profiling and Optimization [Slides]

Intended for Simulating Physics using Efficient and Effective code Development (SPEED) program. This is a LANL internal lecture series for computational science application developers.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

NASA NTRS1989

The flights before the flight - An overview of shuttle astronaut training

Space shuttle astronaut training is centered at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Each astronaut receives many different types of training from many sources. This training includes simulator training in the Shuttle Mission Simulator, in-flight simulator training in the Shuttle Training Aircraft, Extravehicular Activity training in the Weightless Environment Training Facility and a variety of lectures and briefings. Once the training program is completed each shuttle flight crew is well-prepared to perform the normal operations required for their flight and deal with any shuttle system malfunctions that might occur.

Sims, John T.↗

NASA NTRS2003

NASA's National Center for Advanced Manufacturing

NASA has designated the Principal Center Assignment to the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) for implementation of the National Center for Advanced Manufacturing (NCAM). NCAM is NASA s leading resource for the aerospace manufacturing research, development, and innovation needs that are critical to the goals of the Agency. Through this initiative NCAM s people work together with government, industry, and academia to ensure the technology base and national infrastructure are available to develop innovative manufacturing technologies with broad application to NASA Enterprise programs, and U.S. industry. Educational enhancements are ever-present within the NCAM focus to promote research, to inspire participation and to support education and training in manufacturing. Many important accomplishments took place during 2002. Through NCAM, NASA was among five federal agencies involved in manufacturing research and development (R&D) to launch a major effort to exchange information and cooperate directly to enhance the payoffs from federal investments. The Government Agencies Technology Exchange in Manufacturing (GATE-M) is the only active effort to specifically and comprehensively address manufacturing R&D across the federal government. Participating agencies include the departments of Commerce (represented by the National Institute of Standards and Technology), Defense, and Energy, as well as the National Science Foundation and NASA. MSFC s ongoing partnership with the State of Louisiana, the University of New Orleans, and Lockheed Martin Corporation at the Michoud Assembly Facility (MAF) progressed significantly. Major capital investments were initiated for world-class equipment additions including a universal friction stir welding system, composite fiber placement machine, five-axis machining center, and ten-axis laser ultrasonic nondestructive test system. The NCAM consortium of five universities led by University of New Orleans with Mississippi State University, Tennessee Technological University, Texas A&M University, and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University provided wide-ranging engineering research, new degree/curriculum programs, and a web-based lecture series. NCAM has fostered an important presence and leadership role within the national manufacturing community. Its progressive influence can be seen in government, industry and academia, and in national associations, professional organizations, conferences, workshops, and forums.

Vickers, John↗

NASA NTRS2016

Enhancing Systems Engineering Education Through Case Study Writing

Developing and refining methods for teaching systems engineering is part of Systems Engineering grand challenges and agenda for research in the SE research community. Retention of systems engineering knowledge is a growing concern in the United States as the baby boom generation continues to retire and the faster pace of technology development does not allow for younger generations to gain experiential knowledge through years of practice. Government agencies, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), develop their own curricula and SE leadership development programs to "grow their own" systems engineers. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) conducts its own Center-focused Marshall Systems Engineering Leadership Development Program (MSELDP), a competitive program consisting of coursework, a guest lecture series, and a rotational assignment into an unfamiliar organization engaged in systems engineering. Independently, MSFC developed two courses to address knowledge retention and sharing concerns: Real World Marshall Mission Success course and its Case Study Writers Workshop and Writers Experience. Teaching case study writing and leading students through a hands-on experience at writing a case study on an SE topic can enhance SE training and has the potential to accelerate the transfer of experiential knowledge. This paper is an overview of the pilot experiences with teaching case study writing, its application in case study-based learning, and identifies potential areas of research and application for case study writing in systems engineering education.

Stevens, Jennifer Stenger↗

NASA NTRS2003

Lewis' Educational and Research Collaborative Intership Program Grant Closeout Report

The Lewis' Educational and Research Collaborative Internship Program (LERCIP) is a collaborative undertaking by the Office of Educational Programs at NASA Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field (formerly NASA Lewis Research Center) and the Ohio Aerospace Institute. This program provides 10-week internships and 10 or 12-week fellowships for undergraduate/graduate students and secondary school teachers. Approximately 130 interns are selected to participate in this program each year and begin arriving the second week in May. The internships provide students with introductory professional experiences to complement their academic programs. The interns are given assignments on research and development projects under the personal guidance of NASA professional staff members. Each intern is assigned a NASA mentor who facilitates a research assignment. In addition to the research assignment, the summer program includes a strong educational component that enhances the professional stature of the participants. The educational activities include a research symposium and a variety of workshops, lectures and short courses. An important aspect of the program is that it includes students with diverse social, cultural and economic backgrounds.

Source record↗

DOE OSTI2018

Saturday Morning Physics

Fermilab's Saturday Morning Physics program is a free-of-charge educational series on modern physics for high school students. Each session consists of weekly lectures and tours given by Fermilab scientists and engineers. The program regularly draws around 70 participants every session.

Fermilab↗

NASA NTRS2004

Research and Development in Optical Communications

A report in the form of lecture slides summarizes the optical-communications program of NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and describes the JPL Optical Communications Telescope Laboratory (OCTL) and its role in the program. The purpose of the program is to develop equipment and techniques for laser communication between (1) ground stations and (2) spacecraft (both near Earth and in deep space) and aircraft. The OCTL is an astronomical- style telescope facility that includes a 1-m-diameter, 75.8-m-focal length telescope in an elevation/azimuth mount, plus optical and electronic subsystems for tracking spacecraft and aircraft, receiving laser signals from such moving targets, and transmitting high-power laser signals to such targets. Near-term research at the OCTL is expected to focus on mitigating the effects of atmospheric scintillation on uplinks and on beacon-assisted tracking of ground stations by stations in deep space. Near-term experiments are expected to be performed with retroreflector-equipped aircraft and Earth-orbiting spacecraft techniques to test mathematical models of propagation of laser beams, multiple-beam strategies to mitigate uplink scintillation, and pointing and tracking accuracy of the telescope.

Wilson, Keith↗

NASA NTRS1987

Ada training evaluation and recommendation

This paper documents the Ada training experiences and recommendations of the Gamma Ray Observatory dynamics simulator Ada development team. A two month Ada training program for software developers is recommended which stresses the importance of teaching design methodologies early, as well as the use of certain training aids such as videotaped lectures and computer-aided instruction. Furthermore, a separate training program for managers is recommended, so that they may gain a better understanding of modified review products and resource allocation associated with Ada projects.

Murphy, Robert↗

NASA NTRS1991

NASA Report to Education, Volume 9

This is an edition of 'NASA Report to Education' covering NASA's Educational Workshop, Lewis Research Center's T-34 and the Space Exploration Initiative. The first segment shows NASA Education Workshop program (NEWEST - NASA Educational Workshops for Elementary School Teachers). Highlights of the 14 days of intense training, lectures, fieldtrips and simple projects that the educators went through to teach the program are included. Participants are shown working on various projects such as the electromagnetic spectrum, living in Space Station Freedom, experience in T-34, tour of tower at the Federal Aviation Administrative Facilities, conducting an egg survival system and an interactive video conference with astronaut Story Musgrave. Participants share impressions of the workshop. The second segment tells how Lewis Research Center's T-34 aircraft is used to promote aerospace education in several Cleveland schools and excite students.

Source record↗

NASA NTRS2005

Critical Technologies for Hypersonic Vehicle Development

The objective of the present RTO/VKI Lecture Series is to focus attention on the technologies that play a critical role in hypersonic vehicle development. Owing to the demanding flight environment, successful development of hypersonic vehicles will require progress in understanding and surmounting specific technical problems in ground test, numerical simulation and flight test. Following the introductory remarks stating the objectives of the Lecture Series, a historical perspective on hypersonic vehicle development was given to establish the context and to highlight the emerging role of numerical simulation in vehicle design. A thorough review of ongoing vehicle development and flight-test programs completed the introductory portion. To provide sufficient background information, lectures were presented on compressible flows of perfect and imperfect gases, with special attention given to shock-wave boundary-layer interactions, laminar to turbulent transition, and high temperature gas properties. Advancements in computational modeling capabilities for hypersonic vehicle design were addressed, and the ongoing need for validation data, as well as a consistent validation methodology, where highlighted. Specific critical technology areas, including trajectory aerothermal environment definition, system trade studies, propulsion systems, aerodynamic control laws, flight instrumentation, thermal protection systems and flight experiments were all addressed in separate lectures given by international experts. Finally, the potential of plasma devices to ameliorate or avoid critical aerothermal phenomena was presented, providing a good example of the type of creative effort required for achieving progress. In all of the presentations the needs of future hypersonic flight vehicle development programs were addressed.

Research and Technology Organisation (RTO)↗

NASA NTRS1995

Technical Reports: Langley Aerospace Research Summer Scholars

The Langley Aerospace Research Summer Scholars (LARSS) Program was established by Dr. Samuel E. Massenberg in 1986. The program has increased from 20 participants in 1986 to 114 participants in 1995. The program is LaRC-unique and is administered by Hampton University. The program was established for the benefit of undergraduate juniors and seniors and first-year graduate students who are pursuing degrees in aeronautical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, material science, computer science, atmospheric science, astrophysics, physics, and chemistry. Two primary elements of the LARSS Program are: (1) a research project to be completed by each participant under the supervision of a researcher who will assume the role of a mentor for the summer, and (2) technical lectures by prominent engineers and scientists. Additional elements of this program include tours of LARC wind tunnels, computational facilities, and laboratories. Library and computer facilities will be available for use by the participants.

Schwan, Rafaela↗

NASA NTRS1995

Langley Aerospace Research Summer Scholars

Schwan, Rafaela↗