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At least 73 records · Page 4

Low-Temperature Crystal Structure and Mean-Field Modeling of Er x Dy 1- x Al 2 Intermetallics

Low-temperature crystal structure of the Er x Dy 1-x Al 2 alloys with x = 0.45, 0.67, 0.90 was examined using temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction. The Er-rich sample, Er 0.9 Dy 0.1 Al 2 , exhibits a rhombohedral distortion associated with the magnetic ordering that occurs around 20 K. The rhombohedral distortion is suppressed in Er 0.67 Dy 0.33 Al 2 , while a weak low-temperature tetragonal distortion is observed in Er 0.45 Dy 0.55 Al 2 . The mean-field theory supports the correlation between the type of structural distortion and the variable easy magnetization axis in Er x Dy 1-x Al 2 intermetallics.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Mission planning for an Earth observation low Earth orbiter: ERS-1

ERS-1, the first European Remote Sensing satellite, has a payload which consists primarily of microwave instruments and is in a polar sun-synchronous orbit. All ground and on-board activities from user requests to delivery of data products are combined into one integrated system. In view of the high number of products which can be generated by ERS-1, the Mission Planning System (MPS), which plans the on-board activities of ERS-1, is an essential tool for operations since manual planning of the large number of daily operations is out of the question. In addition the MPS, in line with the integrated nature of the ERS-1 system, also plans activities at the prime ground station, including among others, the operation of the payload data processing systems there. This paper outlines the operations concepts for ERS-1 mission planning, and describes the Mission Planning System used at the ERS-1 Control Center. Novel functionalities, such as automatic resource clash resolution, are described. A critical discussion gives lessons learned for future mission planning systems.

Lockyer, Paul↗

Oceanographic results from analysis of ERS-1 altimetry

Large scale dynamic ocean topography and its variations were observed using ERS-1 radar altimeter measurements. The altimeter measurements analyzed are primarily from the ESA ocean product (OPR02) and from the Interim Geophysical Data Records (IGDR) generated by NOAA from the fast delivery (FD) data during the ERS-1 35 day repeat orbit phase. The precise orbits used for the dynamic topography solution are computed using dual satellite crossover measurements from ERS-1 and TOPEX (Topology Ocean Experiment)/Poseidon (T/P) as additional tracking data, and using improved models and constants which are consistent with T/P. Analysis of the ERS-1 dynamic topography solution indicates agreement with the T/P solution at the 5 cm root mean square level, with regional differences as large as 15 cm tide gauges at the 8 to 9 cm level. There are differences between the ERS-1 OPR02 and IGDR determined dynamic topography solutions on the order of 5 cm root mean square. Mesoscale oceanic variability time series obtained using collinear analysis of the ERS-1 altimeter data show good qualitative agreement when compared with the T/P results.

Tapley, B. D.↗

Comparison of ERS-1 scatterometer and Florida State University tropical winds

Monthly mean winds from the CMODFD (wind vector data set) ERS-1 Active Microwave Instrument (AMI) scatterometer are evaluated by comparing them to monthly mean tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean wind analyses based on in-situ data. The FSU (an observation based set of fields) winds agree qualitatively with the ERS-1 winds. Magnitudes of the vector differences are 2 to 4 m/s. Evident in the ERS-1 fields are north-south oriented bands which coincide with orbital sampling swaths. These bands are more evident in the curl maps of the mean monthly wind fields. Suitability of the ERS-1 monthly mean wind fields for ocean modeling is evaluated through a comparison of results from a model of the tropical Pacific forced by both FSU and ERS-1 wind fields. Model responses in the eastern equatorial Pacific are similar, and both track variability in the observed sea level. However, ERS-1 wind results do not correlate as well to the monthly variations in the sea level data.

Legler, David M.↗

Environmental Barrier Coating Surface Temperature Mapping Using a Compatible Er-Doped Sc 2 SiO 5 Temperature-Sensing Layer

Accurate surface temperature-mapping capabilities in the 1300 to 1500 °C range are needed for SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites protected by environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) under testing in turbine engine environment facilities. The strong background thermal radiation at these higher temperatures is a challenging issue. Er-doped Y 2 SiO 5 was previously shown to be capable of achieving luminescence lifetime-based temperature mapping up to 1560 °C as a standalone material. However, compatibility issues between an Er-doped Y 2 SiO 5 surface temperature sensing layer and an underlying Sc 2 Si 2 O 7 -based EBC topcoat limited temperature mapping of the EBC surface to a maximum of 1380 °C. Therefore, an Er-doped Sc 2 SiO 5 temperature sensing layer has been subsequently developed with better compatibility with the Sc2Si2O7-based EBC topcoat. Localized spot temperature measurements as well as luminescence lifetime imaging-based temperature mapping were demonstrated up to 1535 °C from a 15 µm thick Er-doped Sc 2 SiO 5 layer at the surface of a Sc2Si2O7-based EBC topcoat, a significant improvement over the Er-doped Y2SiO5 layer 1380 °C temperature sensing limit. No degradation of the Er-doped Sc 2 SiO 5 temperature sensing surface layer was observed.

temperature measurement↗

Materials Data on Er(BC)2 by Materials Project

ErB2C2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mbm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent B and eight equivalent C atoms. All Er–B bond lengths are 2.72 Å. All Er–C bond lengths are 2.66 Å. B is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to four equivalent Er and three equivalent C atoms. There is one shorter (1.52 Å) and two longer (1.60 Å) B–C bond length. C is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er and three equivalent B atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(PRu)2 by Materials Project

ErRu2P2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ru and eight equivalent P atoms. All Er–Ru bond lengths are 3.12 Å. All Er–P bond lengths are 3.10 Å. Ru is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er and four equivalent P atoms. All Ru–P bond lengths are 2.35 Å. P is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Ru, and one P atom. The P–P bond length is 2.36 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(BRh)4 by Materials Project

ErRh4B4 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/acd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to twelve equivalent Rh and twelve equivalent B atoms. There are a spread of Er–Rh bond distances ranging from 2.91–3.26 Å. There are a spread of Er–B bond distances ranging from 2.96–3.26 Å. Rh is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and five equivalent B atoms. There are a spread of Rh–B bond distances ranging from 2.18–2.27 Å. B is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er, five equivalent Rh, and one B atom. The B–B bond length is 1.75 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(PO3)3 by Materials Project

Er(PO3)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic Pm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Er3+ sites. In the first Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form ErO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.22–2.29 Å. In the second Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form ErO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.23–2.27 Å. In the third Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form ErO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.23–2.27 Å. In the fourth Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form ErO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Er–O bond distances ranging from 2.22–2.30 Å. There are eight inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ErO6 octahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 13–38°. There is two shorter (1.50 Å) and two longer (1.61 Å) P–O bond length. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two ErO6 octahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 25–29°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two ErO6 octahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 24–38°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ErO6 octahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 12–40°. There is two shorter (1.50 Å) and two longer (1.62 Å) P–O bond length. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two ErO6 octahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 24–38°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ErO6 octahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 11–39°. There is two shorter (1.50 Å) and two longer (1.62 Å) P–O bond length. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two ErO6 octahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 25–29°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ErO6 octahedra and corners with two equivalent PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 11–38°. There is two shorter (1.50 Å) and two longer (1.61 Å) P–O bond length. There are twenty-two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Er3+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(ClO4)3 by Materials Project

Er(ClO4)3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are six shorter (2.34 Å) and three longer (2.55 Å) Er–O bond lengths. There are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.42 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.48 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Er and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(SiPd)2 by Materials Project

ErPd2Si2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Pd and eight equivalent Si atoms. All Er–Pd bond lengths are 3.24 Å. All Er–Si bond lengths are 3.15 Å. Pd is bonded to four equivalent Er and four equivalent Si atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing PdEr4Si4 tetrahedra. All Pd–Si bond lengths are 2.46 Å. Si is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Pd, and one Si atom. The Si–Si bond length is 2.31 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(Fe2Ge)2 by Materials Project

ErFe4Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4_2/mnm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to twelve equivalent Fe and six equivalent Ge atoms. There are four shorter (3.12 Å) and eight longer (3.28 Å) Er–Fe bond lengths. There are two shorter (2.90 Å) and four longer (2.92 Å) Er–Ge bond lengths. Fe is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and three equivalent Ge atoms. There are one shorter (2.43 Å) and two longer (2.44 Å) Fe–Ge bond lengths. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Er and six equivalent Fe atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(CuGe)2 by Materials Project

ErCu2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Cu and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Er–Cu bond lengths are 3.28 Å. All Er–Ge bond lengths are 3.10 Å. Cu is bonded to four equivalent Er and four equivalent Ge atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing CuEr4Ge4 tetrahedra. All Cu–Ge bond lengths are 2.43 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Cu, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.45 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(SiRh)2 by Materials Project

ErRh2Si2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Rh and eight equivalent Si atoms. All Er–Rh bond lengths are 3.21 Å. All Er–Si bond lengths are 3.11 Å. Rh is bonded to four equivalent Er and four equivalent Si atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing RhEr4Si4 tetrahedra. All Rh–Si bond lengths are 2.40 Å. Si is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Rh, and one Si atom. The Si–Si bond length is 2.41 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(FeGe)2 by Materials Project

ErFe2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Fe and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Er–Fe bond lengths are 3.23 Å. All Er–Ge bond lengths are 3.08 Å. Fe is bonded to four equivalent Er and four equivalent Ge atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing FeEr4Ge4 tetrahedra. All Fe–Ge bond lengths are 2.35 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Fe, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.57 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(CoGe)2 by Materials Project

ErCo2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Co and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Er–Co bond lengths are 3.20 Å. All Er–Ge bond lengths are 3.07 Å. Co is bonded to four equivalent Er and four equivalent Ge atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, corner, and face-sharing CoEr4Ge4 tetrahedra. All Co–Ge bond lengths are 2.33 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Co, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.56 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(GeRu)2 by Materials Project

ErRu2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ru and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Er–Ru bond lengths are 3.25 Å. All Er–Ge bond lengths are 3.27 Å. Ru is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er and four equivalent Ge atoms. All Ru–Ge bond lengths are 2.44 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Er, four equivalent Ru, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.54 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Er(Al10Cr)2 by Materials Project

Er(CrAl10)2 crystallizes in the cubic Fd-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Er is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to sixteen Al atoms. There are four shorter (3.13 Å) and twelve longer (3.20 Å) Er–Al bond lengths. Cr is bonded to twelve Al atoms to form CrAl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with six equivalent CrAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with eighteen equivalent AlErAl10Cr cuboctahedra, and faces with six equivalent AlErAl10Cr cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.56 Å) and six longer (2.80 Å) Cr–Al bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent Er and twelve equivalent Al atoms. All Al–Al bond lengths are 3.09 Å. In the second Al site, Al is bonded to one Er, one Cr, and ten Al atoms to form distorted AlErAl10Cr cuboctahedra that share corners with fifteen equivalent AlErAl10Cr cuboctahedra, edges with two equivalent AlErAl10Cr cuboctahedra, edges with three equivalent CrAl12 cuboctahedra, a faceface with one CrAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fifteen equivalent AlErAl10Cr cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Al–Al bond distances ranging from 2.70–2.92 Å. In the third Al site, Al is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cr and ten Al atoms. All Al–Al bond lengths are 2.82 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗