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Results for “Distributed Energy Program”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1980

Electric power processing, distribution, management and energy storage

Power distribution subsystems are required for three elements of the SPS program: (1) orbiting satellite, (2) ground rectenna, and (3) Electric Orbiting Transfer Vehicle (EOTV). Power distribution subsystems receive electrical power from the energy conversion subsystem and provide the power busses rotary power transfer devices, switchgear, power processing, energy storage, and power management required to deliver control, high voltage plasma interactions, electric thruster interactions, and spacecraft charging of the SPS and the EOTV are also included as part of the power distribution subsystem design.

Giudici, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1992

ROSAT-IUE All Sky Survey (RIASS): First results on active galaxies

To optimize the activity of the RIASS collaboration was established between IUE and Rosat projects. Some of the results obtained are given and the importance of such coordinated observations for the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) definition of Active Galactic Nuclei is illustrated. All the participants in the AGN part of the RIASS program are listed. The RIASS observations allow for a comprehensive study of the overall spectral energy distribution of AGN's. For the first time, data from different instruments can be used to determine the SED, since the observations were simultaneous. A preliminary analysis shows that the energies radiated in the UV and the soft X-rays domains are closely related. The spectra of individual objects as well as the correlation found between the intensity of CIV lambda 1550 emission line and the soft X-rays luminosity, suggest that the excess detected in this band is the high energy tail of the big UV bump.

Wamsteker, W.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Simulation of energy loss of fractionally charged particles using Geant4

Over the years several rare-event search experiments have shown increasing interest to search for Fractionally Charged Particles (FCPs) within the data acquired in those experiments. This, in turn, has required the need for a framework to calculate accurately the energy loss expected from FCPs as they pass through the detector material. We have developed Monte Carlo methods within Geant4 to simulate for the first time energy loss of FCPs through different physics processes. The program can be used to calculate energy deposition distributions, a major component of any FCP search analysis, as they interact with detector material. We discuss the implementation and validation of the energy loss of FCPs using a typical detector material.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
NASA NTRS1997

Analysis of Flow From Arc-Jet Spectra

Materials testing is carried out at the JSC Atmospheric Reentry Materials and Structures Facility. A flow diagnostics program is under development to characterize the energy distribution in arc-jet flows used to simulate atmospheric entry. Heat transfer to materials depends on flow properties which includes the composition of and energy distribution among the atoms, ions, molecules, and molecular ions which make up the flow. This project involves analysis of shock layer characteristics from the radiation emitted and experimentally collected from near the front of the shock to near the surface of the material. The analysis has yielded information on relative populations of neutral molecules and molecular ions within the layer. In determining non-equilibrium temperatures within the layer, some insight into the spectral constants used to compute radiative emission has been gained.

Blackwell, H. E.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Case Studies and Model Guidance for Establishing Solar Cybersecurity Working Groups

This tool outlines actions that states can take to establish state-level working groups, which can be a critical first step to establishing state cybersecurity programs and efforts to support cybersecurity in distributed energy resources. Specifically, these working groups can lead the development of cybersecurity task forces focused around distributed energy resources, formal recommendations for policy makers and regulators, and the creation of a response strategies and plans for cybersecurity impacts or incidents in solar photovoltaic systems.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Long and Winding Road to Higher Efficiency-The RTU Story: Preprint

Rooftop units (RTUs) and other packaged heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment consume more than four quads of energy annually while conditioning more than 50% of the commercial building floor area in the United States. Historically, these systems have low operating efficiencies and receive infrequent maintenance. In addition, the market has a low first cost, run-to-failure, like-for-like replacement mentality and has been slow to adopt change. This paper explores the broad market transformation that has resulted in higher efficiencies and tremendous energy savings. Although there are many factors in this market transformation, this paper highlights: research behind advancements in components and controls; adoption of an operational efficiency metric; raising the bar for high efficiency with the RTU Challenge; market barriers overcome through the Advanced RTU Campaign; upstream and midstream incentive programs and HVAC distribution networks; alignment of the market efficiency drivers of ASHRAE Standard 90.1, federal minimum efficiency standards, the ENERGY STAR® program, and the Consortium for Energy Efficiency's (CEE's) efficiency tiers. Measures of the market transformation include more than 50% increase in RTU efficiencies, more than 1 billion kWh saved and 160,000 RTUs upgraded with high-efficiency measures by the Advanced RTU Campaign partners, large increases of high-efficiency RTUs purchased through incentive programs, and the largest energy savings from any federal minimum standards action. Although these results are impressive, the market transformation is just beginning, and there remain exciting opportunities for improvements in equipment efficiencies and improved operating performance with advanced controls and fault detection and diagnostics.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Microgrids, Infrastructure Resilience, and Advanced Controls Launchpad (MIRACL): Use Cases and Definitions

This resource document is designed to establish common use cases and definitions for U.S. Department of Energy national laboratories and partners participating in the Microgrids, Infrastructure Resilience, and Advanced Controls Launchpad (MIRACL) effort. Use case definitions can be used to classify and connect research-and-development efforts and ultimately to organize project goals. Establishing use cases will also allow for the definition of operational benchmarks for various elements of the MIRACL project and broader distributed wind program as well as enable future alignment with other distributed energy resource research projects.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

Enhanced numerical design of two-barrier infrared detectors with III–V compounds heterostructures considering the influence of lattice strain and misfit dislocations on the band gap

The goal of this work is the design of efficient infrared radiation detectors based on InAsSb compounds with two energy barriers around the absorber region. Two types of two-barrier detectors that work in the 3–5.5 μm wavelength range at 230 K is designed. Using our computer program to iteratively solve the Poisson equation, the spatial distribution of energy band edges in III–V heterostructures was calculated The influence of lattice stress, bending of the structure and doping on the energy shift of the edge of the bands is considered. Lattice strain is the cause of the formation of the misfit dislocations at the boundaries of the individual layers of the heterostructure. These dislocations partially relax the resulting stress and affect the lattice deformation in individual layers. From the minimum elastic energy condition, the density of these dislocations is determined. It has been shown that the band offset can be eliminated in the areas of both barriers in the designed two-barrier detectors.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2024

Decarbonization Technology Snapshot: Heat Pump Water Heaters

Heat pump water heaters use electricity to move heat from one place to another instead of generating heat directly. In many cases they replace gas-fired water heaters and are significantly more energy efficient, reducing on-site Scope 1 emissions and often resulting in reduced total emissions.

building decarbonization↗
DOE OSTI2019

Foundations for Engineering Education for Distributed Energy Resources (FEEDER)

Foundations for Engineering Education for Distributed Energy Resources (FEEDER), as one of the four Distributed Technology Training Consortia (DTTCs) of the Grid Engineering for Accelerated Renewable Energy Deployment (GEARED) National Network, provided programs to meet the project goals, and works closely with the GEARED National Network Administrator (NNA) to foster student competence and career interest in advanced engineering and professional skills that support a robust electrical utility sector. This educational effort also included annual gatherings to share best practices and specific advances in knowledge, instructional best practice and educational integration throughout disciplines supporting power systems analysis and integration of distributed generation, with a focus on renewable energy. This effort aligned with the goals and objectives of the Department of Energy SunShot initiative. The project goals included the creation of a larger skilled electric grid workforce that is able to manage widespread deployment of distributed energy resources by developing and sharing new courses and curricula across the participating FEEDER institutions. FEEDER was expanded to add four institutions under the Solar Training & Education for Professionals (STEP) program, with the title Strategic Expansion to Achieve GEARED Goals and award number DE- EE0007327. Program components were selected based on gap analysis and advices of FEEDER industry advisory board, with a focus on student participation in power programs, research and formative experiences that led them to successful careers in power-related industries.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2026

Tachyon: Intelligent Multi-Scale Modeling of Distributed Resilient Infrastructure and Workflows for Data Intensive HEP Analyses

The DOE High Energy Physics (HEP) program in Neutrino and Collider science drives data-intensive science and simulation on extreme-scale platforms. Modeling and optimizing the complex distributed components from experimental to leadership computing facilities are essential for HEP workflows to achieve required response times and resilience under various conditions. Tachyon proposes a framework for scalable modeling, simulation, and validation of key performance characteristics for the distributed infrastructure between FNAL and ALCF, along with associated HEP workflows.

Carothers, Chris [Rensselaer Poly.]↗
DOE OSTI2026

Tachyon: Intelligent Multi-Scale Modeling of Distributed Resilient Infrastructure and Workflows for Data Intensive HEP Analyses

The DOE High Energy Physics (HEP) program in Neutrino and Collider science drives data-intensive science and simulation on extreme-scale platforms. Modeling and optimizing the complex distributed components from experimental to leadership computing facilities are essential for HEP workflows to achieve required response times and resilience under various conditions. Tachyon proposes a framework for scalable modeling, simulation, and validation of key performance characteristics for the distributed infrastructure between FNAL and ALCF, along with associated HEP workflows.

Carothers, Chris [Rensselaer Poly.]↗
DOE OSTI2019

A Distributed Energy Management Approach for Residential Demand Response

The implementation of large-scale optimization and control of residential appliances to support demand response (DR) programs comes with the challenges of coordinated communication, privacy, and consideration of customer preferences. Solving this complexity is best suited through a distributed optimization and control approach at the residential level by leveraging the availability and intelligence of a home energy management systems (HEMS). In this paper, a hierarchical control scheme to coordinate large-scale residential demand response through coordination of HEMs is proposed. This scheme is based on the exchange of a reward price and aggregated load information between utility system and HEMS. Numerical results on a one hundred-house model demonstrate the computational efficiency of the proposed approach.

Kou, Xiao↗
DOE OSTI2022

Guide to the Distributed Energy Resource Risk Management Framework

The emergence of distributed energy resources (DERs) has transformed the electric power sector and will likely have even more profound impacts on the future evolution of the United States energy sector as it modernizes and becomes more reliant upon complex informatics programming and systems to ensure that our power grid remains safe from malicious interference. To mitigate risks associated with the increased and diversified use of DERs, the Distributed Energy Resource Cybersecurity Framework (DER-CF) was developed in 2019. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory extended the scope of the DER-CF to include the RMF. To address the challenges faced by federal energy managers and energy system stakeholders in applying the RMF to DER systems, the Distributed Energy Resource Risk Manager (DER-RM) is a six-step process to proactively manage cybersecurity risk in a methodical manner. The DER-RM is independent of the DER-CF's existing assessment, allowing users to focus specifically on the RMF steps. The tools are targeted to different processes - DER-CF enables organizations to perform self-assessments to improve their cybersecurity posture, while DER-RM assists organizations in achieving compliance with specific requirements. This document provides an overview of the DER-RM. The RMF process outlined in this report serves as a guide to diagnose information and operational system threats, gather required materials to comply with industry standards, and document plans for achieving Authority to Operate. Using the DER-RM, federal agencies and other organizations can easily and intuitively follow the RMF process, manage the risks to their grid-edge infrastructure through the integration of their on-site DERs, and comply with appropriate requirements.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2022

When Do Efficiency and Demand Flexibility Go Hand-in-hand?

Utilities have been experimenting with integrated demand side management (IDSM) programs since the 2000s. The potential benefits of improved program cost-effectiveness and customer engagement from combining energy efficiency (EE), demand flexibility (DF), and other distributed energy resources into an integrated customer offering have been recognized although there are several known regulatory and program administrative challenges. In addition, as buildings adopt EE measures, the baseline load profile change generally reduces the potential load that can be shed or shifted. This has been a significant technical barrier for customers and program implementers. However, it is a myth that EE always reduces DF. Load change from EE can be time-varying. Therefore, whether EE improves or reduces DF should be evaluated on an individual measure basis accounting for weather dependencies and interactions. For IDSM program design purpose, it is useful to understand how common EE features influence DF and the underlying building physics. In this paper, we use parametric simulations of a prototype medium office building to evaluate how various EE features influence DF, measured by a “demand decrease intensity” (W/ft2) metric. These EE features cover envelope characteristics, internal loads, and airside HVAC system. The parametric analysis shows that some efficient HVAC control measures will increase DF but not the traditional building envelope, lighting, and ventilation-related efficiency measures. These findings contribute to the technical basis for achieving enhanced energy benefits by packaging appropriate HVAC control measures in IDSM program design. Program developers should further validate these results in targeted pilot projects.

Yu, Lili↗
DOE OSTI2023

DER Cybersecurity R&D

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducted more than 30 assessments for utilities across the United States with a cybersecurity assessment tool based on the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) and focused on business process. With funding from the DOE Office of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Federal Energy Management Program, NREL modified the current cyber governance assessment tool to include an assessment process specifically for distributed energy resources (DERs). The Distributed Energy Resources Cybersecurity Framework (DER-CF) was developed to help federal agencies mitigate gaps in their cybersecurity posture for distributed energy systems.

cybersecurity valuation↗
DOE OSTI2019

Collision energy dependence of second-order off-diagonal and diagonal cumulants of net-charge, net-proton and net-kaon multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions

We report the first measurements of a complete second-order cumulant matrix of net-charge, netproton and net-kaon multiplicity distributions for the first phase of the beam energy scan program at RHIC. This includes the centrality and, for the first time, the pseudorapidity window dependence of both diagonal and off-diagonal cumulants in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7-200 GeV. Within the available acceptance of |η| < 0.5, the cumulants grow linearly with the pseudorapidity window. Relative to the corresponding measurements in peripheral collisions, the ratio of off-diagonal over 3 diagonal cumulants in central collisions indicates an excess correlation between net-charge and netkaon, as well as between net-charge and net-proton. The strength of such excess correlation increases with the collision energy. The correlation between net-proton and net-kaon multiplicity distributions is observed to be negative at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and change to positive at the lowest collision energy. Model calculations based on non-thermal (UrQMD) and thermal (HRG) production of hadrons cannot explain the data. Furthermore, these measurements will help map the QCD phase diagram, constrain hadron resonance gas model calculations and provide new insights on the energy dependence of baryon-strangeness correlations.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗