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Van slyke's buffer values for cell secretions
Van Slykes buffer values for Chlorella cell secretions into surrounding medium
Buffering activity of algal cells and its effect on cell division 1, 2
Buffering of algae - cell division of Chlorella
Organic synthesis in algal cells separated into age groups by fractional centrifugation.
Organic synthesis of high temperature chlorella separated into small or large cells by fractional centrifugation
Study of a photosynthetic gas exchanger, a quantitative repetition of the priestley experiment.
Photosynthetic gas exchange experiment using dwarf mouse and illuminated suspension of Chlorella ellipsoidea
Organic synthesis in algal cells separated into age groups by fractional centrifugation.
Synthetic activity during nonsynchronized growth chlorella, separated into age groups by fractional centrifugation
Photosynthesis in cell development.
Photosynthetic activity in small and large cells of chlorella pyrenoidosa, 7-11-05
A study of phycophysiology in controlled environments Twelfth semiannual status report, 1 Oct. 1965 - 31 Mar. 1966
Physiology of Chlorella species for application to space exploration life support systems
Van Slyke's buffer values for cell secretions.
Buffering capacity of substances liberated by Chlorella expressed in terms of van Slyke buffer index, noting changes in pH
Respiration induced by blue light.
High respiration rate of Chlorella maintained by blue-green light
Continuous synchronous culture of photosynthetic micro-organisms.
Continuous synchronous culture of photosynthetic microorganism Chlorella cultivated in illuminated and dark stirred tanks
The secretory activity of algal cells in buffered media.
Secretory activity of algal Chlorella cells effect on buffering characteristics of Tris or sodium citrate-citric acid suspending fluid
Bios-3: Siberian experiments in bioregenerative life support
The Russian experience with the bioregenerative life support system Bios-3 at Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, is reviewed. A brief review of other bioregenerative systems examines Biosphere 2 in Oracle, Arizona, and the Bios-1 and Bios-2 systems that preceded Bios-3. Physical details of the Bios-3 facility are provided. The use of Chlorella and higher plants for gas exchange is examined. Long-term studies of human habitation are discussed. Other topics include microflora in Bios-3, the theory of closed systems, and problems for the future.
Impacts of feeding three strains of microalgae alone or in combination on growth performance, protein metabolism, and meat quality of broiler chickens
Variations in nutrient compositions, especially amino acid (AA) profiles, among microalgal species may enable a superior feeding outcome from a combined than singular supplementation in poultry diets. Therefore, a feeding trial was conducted to compare the effects of three strains of microalgal biomass supplemented alone or in combination to replace 5 % (starter) and 10 % (grower) soybean meal (on weight-to-weight basis) on growth performance, protein metabolism, and meat quality of broiler chickens. Day-old Cornish Cross male chicks (total = 180) were divided into 5 groups (6 cages/treatment, 6 birds/cage) and fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (BD), BD + H117 (Chlorella sp., H117), BD + C985 (Tetraselmis sp., C985), BD + Nannochloropsis oceanica (NO), and BD + H117 + C985 + NO (Combination). Feeding any of the microalgae diets did not alter growth performance nor meat quality including texture, pH, color, and water holding capacity of breast and thigh meats. However, the breast weight percentages were decreased (P < 0.05) by feeding the C985, NO, and Combination diets. Compared with the BD, the 4 microalgal diets led to higher (P < 0.05) plasma uric acid and protein concentrations at weeks 3 and (or) 6. The mRNA levels of MAFbx, MURF1, FOXO1, and calpastatin in the breast and thigh muscles were altered by the microalgal diets but not those of genes associated with other quality traits. In conclusion, replacing 5 % or 10 % soybean meal with three sources of microalgae in broiler diets decreased breast weights percentage but not absolute weight. Furthermore, feeding chickens with the combination of three microalgae did not restore the breast loss and induced different expressions of genes related to muscle hypertrophy or atrophy.
Axenisation of oleaginous microalgal cultures via anoxic photosensitisation
Growing interest in sustainable food and biofuel research has necessitated high quality axenic oleaginous microalgal strains. Unfortunately, most strains available in culture banks contain commensal microbes such as bacteria and the default decontamination method involves antibiotic treatment which has begun to exacerbate the emergence of antibiotic resistance. To overcome this problem, anoxic photosensitisation was investigated as an alternate approach. Four oleaginous microalgal species (Tetradesmus obliquus, Desmodesmus armatus, Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis limnetica) were incubated in varying concentrations of Rose Bengal (0 μM, 1 μM, 3 μM or 9 μM) either in normal (oxic) or anoxic conditions, for 72 h under light (8.85 ± 0.4 W/m 2 ) in a specially designed heterotrophic growth complex (HGC) medium, followed by 72 h in standard Bold's Basal Medium (BBM). Commonly used antibiotics-based protocol was used as the control method. Post treatment, cell numbers and percentage populations were counted with Flow Cytometry, and viability was tested using standard plating methods using BBM and LB. Additionally, the contaminating microbes in the cultures were profiled using 16Ss rRNA sequencing. Anoxic conditions were able to significantly decrease bacterial content, albeit with an equally detrimental effect on the microalgal population. Although the responses differed between the microalgae, anoxic incubation along with Rose Bengal at 3 μM was able to completely decontaminate N. limnetica and C. vulgaris, while D. armatus and T. obliquus could be decontaminated with an additional streak-plating step. None of the cultures could be decontaminated using antibiotics treatment. These results suggest that axenisation of microalgal cultures was largely due to anoxy, that was synergistically enhanced by Rose Bengal at a concentration of ≥3 μM.
The Energy Costs of Dewatering Feedstock Microalgae Species Using Conventional Implementations of Ultrasonic and Crossflow Filtration Technologies
The use of microalgae as a feedstock for biofuels and other products continues to be explored, but large-scale biomass production faces persistent high costs. One major cost contributor is the energy required for harvesting and dewatering, a challenge resulting from the dilute nature of microalgae cultures as well as the properties of microalgae cells. This study investigated the energy demands of concentrating three diverse microalgae species (Nannochloropsis salina, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Chlorella luteoviridis) exhibiting different settling velocities, a key harvesting property, using conventional ultrasonic and crossflow membrane filtration. Membrane-free ultrasonic filtration removed 60-80% of the microalgae largely in steady-state operations, increasing concentrations 20-100 times, while consuming 1-6 kWh/m3 - similar to centrifugation. In contrast, crossflow membrane filtration retained nearly 100% of the microalgae, increasing concentrations over 20-fold, but consumed 158 kWh/m3 - over 10 times the energy of centrifugation. Both approaches exceeded the 10% energy target suggested in the 2010 National Algal Biofuel Technology Roadmap. This study also highlights potential sources of energy savings. For ultrasonic filtration, attention to an innovative, dynamic property of the ultrasonic chamber called the Energy Efficiency Factor, could lead to energy reductions by no more than 10-fold and improve the favorability of two of the microalgae species studied. For membrane filtration, a dead-end configuration could reduce energy consumption by no more than 1000-fold, making it favorable for all three species. This study not only highlights the need to further increase the energy content of microalgae cultures, but also the critical importance of continued development of ultrasonic filtration and other harvesting technologies to achieve low-cost, energy-sustainable algal biofuels.
Examining Microalgae Growth with Respect to Cell Count and Salinity
In recent years, microalgae have been identified as potential source of biofuel due to their ability to grow abundantly in little time. As photosynthetic organisms, microalgae only need water, light, micronutrients, and carbon dioxide to yield algal biomass. Several applications for this biomass are being studied, such as the extraction of biofuel (Zhang et al. 2022) as well as wastewater treatment (Rude et al. 2022). Two specific microalgae species have been identified as uniquely prolific: Picochlorum celeri, a saltwater species, and Chlorella sorokiniana 1116, a freshwater species. Both species showcased survival in less-than-ideal conditions and showcased hardiness in their respective waters (Krishnan et al. 2021), making them popular specimen to be studied for a variety of applications. This project involved two components, the first component focusing on the development of a growth curve for P. celeri and the second studying varying salt concentration in both species.