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70 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Effect of grain-boundary θ-Al 2 Cu precipitates on tensile and compressive creep properties of cast Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloys

Tensile and compressive creep tests were performed at 300 °C on high-temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr (ACMZ) alloys with 6 wt% Cu (6Cu) and 9 wt% Cu (9Cu) to evaluate the effect on creep properties of micron-size θ-Al 2 Cu intergranular precipitates. For compressive creep, the increased volume fraction of θ-precipitates at grain boundaries (from ~0.7% in 6Cu to ~ 6% in 9Cu) does not affect deformation rates across the investigated stress range of 15–110 MPa, consistent with creep being controlled by submicron θ'-Al 2 Cu precipitates within grains, whose size and fractions are the same in both alloys. In contrast, for tensile creep, 9Cu creeps faster than 6Cu at stresses above 20 MPa, and this difference increases with the stress level. Additionally, this discrepancy between tensile and compressive creep behavior is explained by cavitation during tensile creep, which is favored by higher volume fraction and larger size of intergranular θ precipitates in 9Cu. Conversely, larger precipitates impede cavity linkage resulting in improved creep ductility of 9Cu as compared to 6Cu at 300 °C.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al3Cu2 by Materials Project

Cu2Al3 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight Al atoms. There are a spread of Cu–Al bond distances ranging from 2.46–2.58 Å. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent Cu atoms. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu3 by Materials Project

Cu3Al is alpha bismuth trifluoride structured and crystallizes in the cubic Fm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Cu sites. In the first Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Cu and six equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Cu bond lengths are 2.53 Å. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.92 Å. In the second Cu site, Cu is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to four equivalent Cu and four equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.53 Å. Al is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to fourteen Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al2Cu by Materials Project

Al2Cu crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.51 Å. Al is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu3 by Materials Project

Cu3Al is beta Cu3Ti structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pmmn space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Cu sites. In the first Cu site, Cu is bonded to eight equivalent Cu and four equivalent Al atoms to form CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, corners with ten CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, edges with eighteen CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fourteen CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Cu–Cu bond distances ranging from 2.59–2.61 Å. There are two shorter (2.59 Å) and two longer (2.60 Å) Cu–Al bond lengths. In the second Cu site, Cu is bonded to eight Cu and four equivalent Al atoms to form CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, corners with fourteen CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, edges with twelve CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with sixteen CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Cu–Cu bond distances ranging from 2.58–2.60 Å. There are a spread of Cu–Al bond distances ranging from 2.59–2.61 Å. Al is bonded to twelve Cu atoms to form AlCu12 cuboctahedra that share corners with two equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, corners with sixteen CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, edges with twelve equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fourteen CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu by Materials Project

CuAl crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Cu sites. In the first Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Cu and six Al atoms. There are two shorter (2.56 Å) and two longer (2.57 Å) Cu–Cu bond lengths. There are four shorter (2.51 Å) and two longer (2.62 Å) Cu–Al bond lengths. In the second Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to four Cu and seven Al atoms. There are two shorter (2.64 Å) and one longer (2.66 Å) Cu–Cu bond lengths. There are a spread of Cu–Al bond distances ranging from 2.40–2.79 Å. In the third Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to four Cu and seven Al atoms. There are a spread of Cu–Al bond distances ranging from 2.52–2.68 Å. There are three inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Cu atoms. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Cu atoms. In the third Al site, Al is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al4Cu9 by Materials Project

Al4Cu9 is gamma-brass-like structured and crystallizes in the cubic P-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are six inequivalent Cu sites. In the first Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to six Cu and six Al atoms. There are three shorter (2.51 Å) and three longer (2.64 Å) Cu–Cu bond lengths. There are three shorter (2.59 Å) and three longer (2.60 Å) Cu–Al bond lengths. In the second Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to nine Cu and three equivalent Al atoms. There are a spread of Cu–Cu bond distances ranging from 2.53–2.61 Å. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.58 Å. In the third Cu site, Cu is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to nine Cu and three equivalent Al atoms. There are three shorter (2.57 Å) and three longer (2.66 Å) Cu–Cu bond lengths. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.46 Å. In the fourth Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to seven Cu and six Al atoms. There are one shorter (2.51 Å) and four longer (2.79 Å) Cu–Cu bond lengths. There are four shorter (2.53 Å) and two longer (2.81 Å) Cu–Al bond lengths. In the fifth Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Cu and four equivalent Al atoms. There are a spread of Cu–Cu bond distances ranging from 2.47–2.73 Å. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.74 Å. In the sixth Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to six Cu and five Al atoms. There are a spread of Cu–Al bond distances ranging from 2.53–2.60 Å. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Cu atoms. In the second Al site, Al is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to eleven Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al2Cu by Materials Project

Al2Cu is Khatyrkite structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cu and eight equivalent Al atoms. Both Cu–Cu bond lengths are 2.41 Å. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.59 Å. Al is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al2Cu by Materials Project

Al2Cu is Fluorite structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.50 Å. Al is bonded to four equivalent Cu atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing AlCu4 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al3Cu by Materials Project

CuAl3 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.62 Å. There are two inequivalent Al sites. In the first Al site, Al is bonded to twelve Al atoms to form AlAl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twenty AlAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent AlAl4Cu4 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent AlAl12 cuboctahedra. There are four shorter (2.83 Å) and eight longer (2.86 Å) Al–Al bond lengths. In the second Al site, Al is bonded to four equivalent Cu and four equivalent Al atoms to form distorted AlAl4Cu4 cuboctahedra that share corners with sixteen AlAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with sixteen AlAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with six equivalent AlAl4Cu4 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu3 by Materials Project

Cu3Al is Uranium Silicide structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded to eight equivalent Cu and four equivalent Al atoms to form CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, edges with sixteen equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fourteen equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra. All Cu–Cu bond lengths are 2.60 Å. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.60 Å. Al is bonded to twelve equivalent Cu atoms to form AlCu12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, edges with twenty-four equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu by Materials Project

CuAl is Tetraauricupride structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.60 Å. Al is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Cu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Al3Cu by Materials Project

CuAl3 is Uranium Silicide structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded to twelve equivalent Al atoms to form CuAl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent CuAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with twenty-four equivalent AlAl8Cu4 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent CuAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent AlAl8Cu4 cuboctahedra. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.77 Å. Al is bonded to four equivalent Cu and eight equivalent Al atoms to form AlAl8Cu4 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent AlAl8Cu4 cuboctahedra, edges with eight equivalent CuAl12 cuboctahedra, edges with sixteen equivalent AlAl8Cu4 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent CuAl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fourteen equivalent AlAl8Cu4 cuboctahedra. All Al–Al bond lengths are 2.77 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu3 by Materials Project

Cu3Al is beta Cu3Ti-like structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu is bonded to eight equivalent Cu and four equivalent Al atoms to form CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, corners with fourteen equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, edges with twelve equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with sixteen equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.59 Å) and two longer (2.62 Å) Cu–Cu bond lengths. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.60 Å. Al is bonded to twelve equivalent Cu atoms to form AlCu12 cuboctahedra that share corners with six equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, corners with twelve equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, edges with eighteen equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra, faces with eight equivalent AlCu12 cuboctahedra, and faces with twelve equivalent CuAl4Cu8 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on AlCu4 by Materials Project

AlCu4 crystallizes in the cubic P2_13 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Cu sites. In the first Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to nine Cu and three equivalent Al atoms. There are a spread of Cu–Cu bond distances ranging from 2.53–2.67 Å. There are a spread of Cu–Al bond distances ranging from 2.56–2.68 Å. In the second Cu site, Cu is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to nine equivalent Cu and three equivalent Al atoms. All Cu–Al bond lengths are 2.36 Å. Al is bonded to twelve Cu atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and face-sharing AlCu12 cuboctahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Grain Refinement Effect on the Hot-Tearing Resistance of Higher-Temperature Al–Cu–Mn–Zr Alloys

The hot-tearing resistance of Al-Cu-Mn-Zr (ACMZ) alloys was investigated as a step toward introducing these new cast alloys for severe duty, higher-temperature applications, such as cylinder heads for down-sized, turbocharged automotive engines. Alloy Cu compositions were varied from 5 to 8 wt.%. Targeted Ti levels were 0.02, 0.1, and 0.2 wt.% via additions of the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy. Hot-tearing resistance was assessed by visual examination and ranking of the cracking severity in a multi-arm permanent mold casting. It was found that at high impurity contents (Fe and Si of 0.2 wt.% each), the Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloy with 4.95 wt.% Cu exhibited the poorest hot-tearing resistance, irrespective of the grain refining amount. Microstructural analysis indicated an effective reduction in the grain size, as the Ti additions were increased to 0.02 and 0.1 wt.% Ti via the Al–Ti–B grain refiner. The finest grain size was attained with a 0.1 wt.% Ti. Based on the hot-tearing evaluation, it was found that the additional grain refining via the Al–5Ti–1B master alloy at 0.1 wt.% Ti significantly reduces the hot-tearing susceptibility at Cu contents greater than 7.3 wt.% for ACMZ alloys with low Fe and Si. These findings indicate that the best hot-tearing resistance was observed at a grain refiner level of 0.1 wt.% Ti and high Cu content (greater than 7.3 wt.%). This study to indicates that these Al–Cu–Mn–Zr alloys, which possess excellent microstructural stability and mechanical properties at elevated temperatures, can also possess excellent hot-tearing resistance.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗