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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 73 records · Page 4
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2013

Energy dependence of the transverse momentum distributions of charged particles in pp collisions measured by ALICE

Differential cross sections of charged particles in inelastic pp collisions as a function of p T have been measured at $\sqrt{s}$ = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV at the LHC. The p T spectra are compared to NLO-pQCD calculations. Though the differential cross section for an individual √s cannot be described by NLO-pQCD, the relative increase of cross section with √s is in agreement with NLO-pQCD. Based on these measurements and observations, procedures are discussed to construct pp reference spectra at $\sqrt{s}$ = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV up to p T =50 GeV/c as required for the calculation of the nuclear modification factor in nucleus–nucleus and proton–nucleus collisions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Strangeness Production in Jets with ALICE at the LHC

At this laboratory Physicists and Engineers study fundamental particles using the world’s largest and most complex instruments. Here particles are made to collide at close to the speed of light to see how they interact and help to discover the basic laws of nature. One type of instrument used at CERN is a particle accelerator that boosts beams of particles to high energies and make them collide with either stationary particles or each other. Other types of instruments are the detectors which observe and record the collisions. CERN was founded in 1954 and sits by the France-Swiss border near Geneva. It was one of Europe’s first joint ventures and now has 20 member states. The name CERN is an acronym for the French "Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire", or European Council for Nuclear Research, a provisional body founded in 1952 with the mandate of establishing a world-class fundamental physics research organization in Europe. At that time, pure physics research concentrated on understanding the inside of the atom. CERN's main area of research is particle physics the study of the fundamental constituents of matter and the forces acting between them. The laboratory operated by CERN is often referred to as the European Laboratory for Particle Physics.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Kshort Production in ALICE at the LHC

The European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) was created in 1954 as international entity for the benefit of advancing the scope of knowledge in particle physics. The designation of CERN refers simply to an organization, which hosts the world’s largest particle physics laboratory. CERN employs close to 2,400 full-time employees, 1,500 part-time employees and hosts 10,000 visiting engineers and scientists, affiliated with 608 universities and research facilities ranging from over 113 nationalities. (Wikipedia, CERN) The European Organization for Nuclear Research houses various colliders, which on a daily basis makes attempts at defining the initial anatomy of the universe. CERN utilizes the world’s largest and most sophisticated scientific tools, which aid in the analysis of clarifying the fundamental components of matter – Elementary Particles. These particles are forced into collisions that are near the speed of light or rather “relativistic”. These collisions aid scientists and engineers who work at CERN in the endeavor of illustrating the process of how the fundamental forces of nature affect the interactions of particles/matter at various energy levels.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Passive state preparation in the Gaussian-modulated coherent-states quantum key distribution

In the Gaussian-modulated coherent-states (GMCS) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, Alice prepares quantum states actively: For each transmission, Alice generates a pair of Gaussian-distributed random numbers, encodes them on a weak coherent pulse using optical amplitude and phase modulators, and then transmits the Gaussian-modulated weak coherent pulse to Bob. Here we propose a passive state preparation scheme using a thermal source. In our scheme, Alice splits the output of a thermal source into two spatial modes using a beam splitter. She measures one mode locally using conjugate optical homodyne detectors, and transmits the other mode to Bob after applying appropriate optical attenuation. Under normal conditions, Alice's measurement results are correlated to Bob's, and they can work out a secure key, as in the active state preparation scheme. Given the initial thermal state generated by the source is strong enough, this scheme can tolerate high detector noise at Alice's side. Furthermore, the output of the source does not need to be single mode, since an optical homodyne detector can selectively measure a single mode determined by the local oscillator. Preliminary experimental results suggest that the proposed scheme could be implemented using an off-the-shelf amplified spontaneous emission source.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗