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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 703 records · Page 39
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Modeling and Optimization of Trip Level Energy Consumption and Charging Management for Connected Automated Electric Vehicles

This will be a presentation for a tutorial session in 2019 ITEC based on reviewing the publicly existing work in the literature. Trip aware energy consumption and charging management for electric vehicles is a key component to ensure sustainability of electrified transportation. The upcoming vehicle communication and autonomous driving technologies will provide opportunities to achieve more intelligent management strategies. This tutorial will introduce the state-to-art technologies that are being designed for optimizing the trip level energy cost and recharging operations of connected automated electric vehicles (CAEVs). The information needs, modeling, control and optimization techniques for optimal trip level energy management will be introduced. Opportunities and benefits from vehicle communication and automation will be discussed. In general, three main sub-topics will be presented in detail: first, advanced EV energy consumption modeling and prediction technologies; second, energy efficient driving technologies, e.g. eco-driving and eco-routing, etc.; third, optimally automatic charging decision making for CAEVs. Following these details, the research challenges, opportunities for co-optimization between the energy consumption and energy recharging of CAEVs will be illustrated in this tutorial.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2021

ENERGY STAR Residential Water Heater Specification and Test Method for Connected Residential Water Heaters

Electric water heaters have long been used as a tool for demand response due to their inherent thermal storage and large electric load. Traditionally, electric water heaters have been controlled by external load control switches, but that type of control does not work well with more efficient heat pump water heaters and cannot ensure that consumers have adequate hot water. Water heater manufacturers are adding more sophisticated controls that allow utilities or consumers to control their water heaters in new ways that can provide demand response without impacting consumer comfort. Further, the electric utility grid has seen a rapid increase the availability of renewable energy, which, depending on the type of renewable energy, can provide large amounts of energy for a portion of the day, but reduced or no energy at other times. In response to these advances in controls, availability of periodic renewable energy, and in an effort to have a standard which can be applied at a national level, ENERGY STAR and the Department of Energy have developed a Product Specification and Test Method for Connected Residential Water Heaters. In this session, we will discuss the new specification and test method, as well as show some initial results from running the new test method with two different HPWHs at NREL.

connected water heater↗
DOE OSTI2023

Exploring Microsimulation Process for Energy Impact Evaluation of Connected and Automated Vehicles

In this paper, the authors present a microsimulation-based methodological approach for evaluating the energy impact of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). They use an open-source micro-simulator, SUMO, and provide a way to set up a simulation environment that emulates real-world traffic dynamics. They also employ the Intelligent Driver Model to represent human drivers and calibrate its driving behavior using real-world traffic data and driving statistics. The authors conduct extensive simulation studies considering different penetration rates of CAVs, different car-following models, and varying car-following model parameters. Using the state-of-the-art Future Automotive System Technology Simulator (FASTSim), they estimate the fuel economy of each vehicle and analyze the energy impact of the given CAV implementation. Finally, the authors analyze the possible factors affecting the simulation results, and also discuss limitations and future work.

ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2025

GeoBridge: Unearthing Insights from Connecting Communities to Geothermal Information and Opportunities: Preprint

Knowledge is essential for overcoming obstacles in the development and adoption of geothermal technologies, and the geothermal community is home to numerous tools, events and organizations dedicated to sharing knowledge. However, many of these tools can be difficult to find, their resources undiscoverable by search engines, available only to members, or hidden away behind pay walls (Weers et al., 2024). The Department of Energy's (DOE) GeoBridge was developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to help bridge gaps in information and connect the geothermal community to the resources it needs. Launched in October 2024, GeoBridge aspires to expand the pool of geothermal stakeholders by providing in-roads to geothermal information, tools, and community resources. It helps to make these resources available to the broader geothermal community as well as those looking to join, such as entrepreneurs or innovators in adjacent industries looking to expand into geothermal energy. This paper explores a post-launch analysis of GeoBridge including data from analytics, feedback from GeoBridge users, the geothermal community, and the GeoBridge Advisory Group as well as an analysis of efficacy of various promotions for GeoBridge.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

Dissolved organic matter transport reflects hillslope to stream connectivity during snowmelt in a montane catchment

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) transport is a key biogeochemical linkage across the terrestrial-aquatic interface in headwater catchments, and quantifying the biological and hydrological controls on DOM composition provides insight into DOM cycling at the catchment scale. In this paper, we evaluated the mobility of DOM components during snowmelt in a montane, semiarid catchment. DOM composition was evaluated on a near-daily basis within the soil and the stream during snowmelt, and was compared to groundwater samples using a site-specific parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model derived from soil extracts. The fluorescent component loadings in the interstitial soil water and in the groundwater were significantly different and did not temporally change during snowmelt. In the stream, a transition occurred during snowmelt from fluorescent DOM with higher contributions of amino acid-like components indicative of groundwater to higher humic-like contributions indicative of soil water. Furthermore, we identified a humic-like fluorescent component in the soil water and the stream that is typically only observed in extracted water soluble organic matter from soil which may suggest hillslope to stream connectivity over very short time scales. Qualitative interpretations of changes in stream fluorescent DOM were supported by two end-member mixing analyses of conservative tracers. After normalizing fluorescent DOM loadings for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, we found that the peak in DOC concentration in the stream was driven by the nonfluorescent fraction of DOM. Finally, this study demonstrated how PARAFAC analysis can be used to refine our conceptual models of runoff generation sources, as well as provide a more detailed understanding of stream chemistry dynamics.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

A Case Study of Connection Between Ground Magnetic Field Perturbations and Tail Current Sheet Bursty Flows at X = –60 R E

We discuss the first observations that connect a burst of fast flows and Pi2 fluctuations in the midtail current sheet at X ~ –60 R E with ground magnetic negative bays and Pi2 pulsations at high latitudes near 70°. Both the flow burst and negative bays occurred around midnight and were isolated and lasted for ~10 min. The flow burst had the characteristics of a low-density plasma bubble. It was moving earthward at ~340 km/s and was accompanied by field-aligned currents. The timing and equatorward motion of magnetic bays can be accounted for by this earthward moving bubble. Enhanced Pi2 fluctuations were determined within both the bubble and the magnetic bays. Pressure anisotropy with higher parallel pressure was observed associated with the flow burst and was firehose unstable. We study firehose instability as one of the possible mechanisms for the Pi2 fluctuations.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Smart connected worker edge platform for smart manufacturing: Part 1—Architecture and platform design

Abstract The challenge of sustainably producing goods and services for healthy living on a healthy planet requires simultaneous consideration of economic, societal, and environmental dimensions in manufacturing. Enabling technology for data driven manufacturing paradigms like Smart Manufacturing (a.k.a. Industry 4.0) serve as the technological backbone from which sustainable approaches to manufacturing can be implemented. Unfortunately, these technologies are typically associated with broader and deeper factory automation that is often too expensive and complex for the small and medium sized manufacturers (SMMs) that comprise the majority of manufacturing business in the USA and for whom their most valuable asset are the people whose jobs automation while replace. This paper describes an edge intelligent platform to integrate internet‐of‐things technologies with computing hardware, software, computational workflows for machine learning, and data ingestion, enabling SMMs to transition into smart manufacturing paradigms by leveraging the intelligence of their people. The platform leverages consumer grade electronics and sensors (affordable and portable), customized software with open source software packages (accessible), and existing communication network infrastructures (scalable). The software systems are implemented via Kubernetes orchestration of Docker containerization to ensure scalability and programmability. The platform is adaptive via computational workflow engines that produce information from data by processing with low‐cost edge computing devices while efficiently accessing resources of cloud servers as needed. The proposed edge platform connects workers to technological resources that provide computational intelligence (i.e., silicon‐based sensing and computation for data collection and contextualization) to enable decision making at the edge of advanced manufacturing.

Kim, Yoon G.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Smart connected worker edge platform for smart manufacturing: Part 2—Implementation and on‐site deployment case study

Abstract In this paper, we describe specific deployments of the Smart Connected Worker (SCW) Edge Platform for Smart Manufacturing through implementation of four instructive real‐world use cases that illustrate the role of people in a Smart Manufacturing paradigm through which affordable, scalable, accessible, and portable (ASAP) information technology (IT) acquires and contextualizes data into information for transmission to operation technologies (OT). For case one, the platform captures the relationships between energy consumption and human workflows for improved energy productivity while workers interact with machines during semiconductor manufacturing. The platform utilizes human cognition to identify anomalous machine behavior for root cause analysis of system faults via neural network (NN) that recognize alarm postures of workers with cameras. For case two, a smart assembly line is demonstrated for state monitoring and fault detection. Machine learning (ML) models are used to recognize system states and identify fault scenarios with human intervention. For case three, the platform monitors human–machine interactions to classify manufacturing machine states for proper operations and energy productivity. Internal energy states of individual or collections of manufacturing equipment are determined via NN based algorithms that disaggregate signals associated with smart metering typically deployed at manufacturing facilities. These methods predict the real time energy profile of each machine from the total energy profile of a manufacturing site. For case four, a software defined sensor system built with scientific workflow engines is demonstrated for contextualizing data from laser surface refraction for characterization, and diagnostics in the processing of additively manufactured titanium alloy.

Donovan, Richard P.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Global functional connectivity density alterations in patients with bipolar disorder with auditory verbal hallucinations and modest short‐term effects of transcranial direct current stimulation augmentation treatment—Baseline and follow‐up study

Abstract Objectives To investigate the neuroimaging characteristics of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in patients with bipolar disorder (BP) experiencing depressive episodes with and without AVHs, and alterations in those characteristics after transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Methods For a baseline pilot study, we recruited 80 patients with BP and depressive status (40 with and 40 without AVHs), and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Their global functional connectivity density (gFCD) was screened by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Voxel‐wise one‐way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to detect intergroup differences in gFCD. In a follow‐up study, the effects of 5 weeks of tDCS augmentation treatment on clinical symptoms and gFCD were assessed in the 40 BP patients with AVHs. Results Compared to HCs, BP patients with and without AVHs exhibited increased gFCD in the central parietal lobe, insular lobe, and middle cingulate cortex, with decreased gFCD in the posterior parietal cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, and occipital lobe (all bilateral). Only patients with AVHs showed increased gFCD in the Broca and Wernicke regions, and decreased gFCD in the hippocampus (all bilateral). After 5 weeks of tDCS, AVHs were slightly alleviated and gFCD abnormalities in the hippocampus were mildly attenuated. Conclusions Patients with BP and AVHs showed disturbances in the brain's communication capacity mainly in the left frontoparietal network, control network, and memory circuitry. Five weeks of tDCS alleviated AVHs slightly, without improving depressive symptoms, and attenuated hippocampal gFCD alterations in these patients.

Zhuo, Chuanjun↗
DOE OSTI2023

Connecting suborganismal data to bioenergetic processes: killifish embryos exposed to a dioxin-like compound

A core challenge for ecological risk assessment is to integrate molecular responses into a chain of causality to organismal or population level outcomes. Bioenergetic theory may be a useful approach for integrating suborganismal responses to predict organismal level responses that influence population dynamics. In this work, we describe a novel application of Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB), theory in the context of a toxicity framework (Adverse Outcome Pathways, AOP) to make quantitative predictions of chemical exposures to individuals, starting from suborganismal data. We use early life stage exposure of Fundulus heteroclitus to dioxin-like chemicals (DLCs) and connect AOP Key Events (KEs) to DEB processes through “damage” that is produced at a rate proportional to the internal toxicant concentration. We use transcriptomic data of fish embryos exposed to DLCs to translate molecular indicators of damage into changes in DEB parameters (damage increases somatic maintenance costs) and use DEB models to predict sublethal and lethal effects of young fish. By changing a small subset of model parameters, we predict the evolved tolerance to DLCs in some wild F. heteroclitus populations, a data set not used in model parameterization. The differences in model parameters points to reduced sensitivity and altered damage repair dynamics as contributing to this evolved resistance. Our methodology has potential extrapolation to untested chemicals of ecological concern.

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTAN↗
DOE OSTI2020

Chapter 16: Connecting Microbial Genotype with Phenotype in the Omics Era

Although rational design-based metabolic engineering has been applied widely to obtain promising microbial biocatalysts, conventional strategies such as adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) and mutagenesis are still efficient approaches to improve microorganisms for exceptional features such as a broad spectrum of substrate utilization, robustness of cell growth, as well as high titer, yield, and productivity of the target products. In this chapter, we describe the procedure to generate mutant strains with desired phenotypes using ALE and a new mutagenesis approach of Atmosphere and Room Temperature Plasma (ARTP). In addition, we discuss the methodology to combine next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based genome-resequencing and RNA-Seq transcriptomics approaches to characterize the mutant strains and connect the phenotypes with their corresponding genotypic changes.

adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE)↗
DOE OSTI2020

From smart homes to smart laboratories: connected instruments for materials science

The current focus on artificial intelligence and machine learning in the scientific community has the potential to greatly speed up discovery. In this article, we explore what a “smart facility” would mean for materials science. We propose to capture meta-data at every step of an experiment, including materials synthesis, sample production and characterization, simulation, and the analysis software used to extract information. Although most of this information is captured in various institutional systems and staff logbooks, more insight could be obtained by connecting this information through a system that allows automation. AI-enabled processes built on such a system would have the potential of making experiment planning easier and minimize the time between experiment and publication.

Doucet, Mathieu↗
DOE OSTI2025

Research Connections: Career and Research Journeys from the SMP Community. Association for Women in Mathematics Series

This book aims to provide perspectives on important questions that undergraduate and graduate students in mathematics ask themselves. Each chapter gives readers a taste of a different mathematician’s work, presented with enough background material that an advanced undergraduate or early graduate student can understand the key ideas of the research. Each mathematical contribution is prefaced by a short biography of the mathematician who wrote the chapter, to give the reader a connection to the author and provide examples of paths from undergraduate education, through graduate school and beyond.

mathematics, research, biographies↗
DOE OSTI2016

The Role of National Research and Education Networks Providing Connectivity and Advanced Network Services to Virtual Communities in Collaborative R&E Projects. CUDI: The Mexican Case Part 1, , In: ISUM 2015: High Performance Computer Applications

This paper describes the role of National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) and their aim to provide a seamless, large scale, high-speed, low-latency network to accelerate scientific and education discovery for national, regional or global collaborative projects that are dependent on the use of modern high performance distributed computing systems (HPDCS) to process mathematical models, produce new knowledge and drive innovation when resolving complex problems. NRENs have become the mainstream of communication and collaboration to integrate the efforts of large geographically distributed teams of Virtual Communities (VC) that - train, teach and learn-, -create, use and share- knowledge, data, information and communications technology resources (e.g. computer and information systems, middleware, tools, instruments, data sets, repositories, applications and services) building e-infrastructures necessary to meet the collaborative projects’ goals. The paper focuses on the current status of the Mexican NREN: CUDI, its future organization and political support, necessary to provide seamless, large scale, high-speed, low latency and secure national backbone and international links providing connectivity, advanced network services and technical support to VCs and their e-infrastructures in collaborative R&E projects within the country, the LAC region and worldwide.

Computer Science↗
DOE OSTI2019

On the connection between hydrodynamics and quantum chaos in holographic theories with stringy corrections

Pole-skipping is a recently discovered signature of many-body quantum chaos in collective energy dynamics. It establishes a precise connection between resummed, all-order hydrodynamics and the underlying microscopic chaos. In this paper, we demonstrate the existence of pole-skipping in holographic conformal field theories with higher-derivative gravity duals. In particular, we first consider Einstein-Hilbert gravity deformed by curvature-squared ( R 2 ) corrections and then type IIB supergravity theory with the α ' 3 R 4 term, where α ' is set by the length of the fundamental string. The former case allows us to discuss the effects of leading-order 1 /N c corrections (with N c being the number of colours of the dual gauge group) and phenomenological coupling constant dependence. In Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, pole-skipping turns out to be valid non-perturbatively in the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. The α ' 3 R 4 deformation enables us to study perturbative inverse ’t Hooft coupling corrections ( α ' 3 ~ 1 /λ 3/2 ) in SU( N c ), \( \mathcal{N}=4 \) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with infinite N c . While the maximal Lyapunov exponent characterising quantum chaos remains uncorrected, the butterfly velocity is shown to depend both on N c and the coupling. Several implications of the relation between hydrodynamics and chaos are discussed, including an intriguing similarity between the dependence of the butterfly velocity and the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density on stringy corrections.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2020

Holographic scattering requires a connected entanglement wedge

In AdS/CFT, there can exist local 2-to-2 bulk scattering processes even when local scattering is not possible on the boundary; these have previously been studied in con- nection with boundary correlation functions. We show that boundary regions associated with these scattering configurations must have O(1/G N ) mutual information, and hence a connected entanglement wedge. One of us previously argued for this statement from the boundary theory using operational tools in quantum information theory. We improve that argument to make it robust to small errors and provide a proof in the bulk using focusing arguments in general relativity. We also provide a direct link to entanglement wedge reconstruction by showing that the bulk scattering region must lie inside the con- nected entanglement wedge. Our construction implies the existence of nonlocal quantum computation protocols that are exponentially more efficient than the optimal protocols currently known.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗