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At least 685 records · Page 38
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Dataset for First Full Dalitz Plot Measurement in Neutron β-Decay using the Nab Spectrometer and Implications for New Physics

The Nab apparatus at the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source was designed to measure key observations in neutron beta decay, test the Standard Model's description of the weak interaction, and search for new physics. This data was collected using the Nab apparatus and are presented in the article "First Full Dalitz Plot Measurement in Neutron β-Decay using the Nab Spectrometer and Implications for New Physics." This data publication includes CSV (comma-separated values) files which are used to generate Figures 3 - 11 in the linked journal article.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Incident beam simulations for the CNCS instrument

This data set contains incident beam simulations for the 100 most frequently used configurations of the cold neutron chopper spectrometer (CNCS) instrument at the Spallation Neutron Source. A mcpl output was placed 0.2 m upstream of the sample position. Each file provides enough events to sufficiently sample the beam profile and intensity incident on the sample for that configuration. They can then be used for sample simulations.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Shielding Analyses for SNS Accelerator Power Upgrade

The Proton Power Upgrade (PPU) project [1] at Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is aiming at increasing the neutron beam intensities at the First Target Station (FTS) and advancing accelerator capability to additionally power a future Second Target Station (STS) [2]. PPU will involve upgrading the SNS accelerator complex to double the currently available proton beam power from 1.4 to 2.8 MW, by increasing the proton beam energy from 1 GeV to 1.3 GeV and by increasing the proton beam current.PPU will enable new science capabilities enhancing the experiment throughput of the 19 existing FTS instruments, which are heavily oversubscribed. STS will include 22 additional neutron scattering instruments. Numerous neutronics analyses are performed to support PPU evaluating the FTS systems for higher beam power and for system upgrades. Part of the PPU scope is an extension of the Ring to Target Beam Transport (RTBT) line, a stub out of the accelerator tunnel for the future Ring to STS Transport (RTST) line[3]. As the RTST tunnel will not be built within the PPU project, the stub will be shielded by a plug, which is planned to be made from regular concrete.In order to provide radiation protection safety, analyses are required to design adequate plug thickness for the stub. The thickness of the stub is driven by the criterion that the area downstream of the plug is “unrestricted access area”, demanding the dose rate downstream the stub be below 0.25 mrem/h at 30 cm from the surface at normal operation and below 20 Rem/hr for accident cases. Additionally, analyses verifying the amount of soil for shielding the accelerator tunnel to the above stated requirements are performed.

Popova, Irina I.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Knowledge-Informed Uncertainty-Aware Machine Learning for Time Series Forecasting of Dynamical Engineered Systems

The high complexity and multiscale nature of many engineered systems—such as those in nuclear power plants—make representing and forecasting their dynamic behavior challenging. Physics-based models can be overly complex and computationally intractable, whereas machine learning (ML) tools are often data-hungry and prone to unphysical solutions. This study proposes a knowledge-informed ML-aided hybrid residual modeling approach that offers accurate and efficient time series forecasting for the operation of dynamical engineered systems. Hybrid residual modeling entails a baseline solution from domain knowledge and known physics expressions about the system dynamics integrated with an ML model to capture undiscovered information from the mismatch (i.e., residuals) between true states from measurements and baseline-predicted outputs. This study further quantifies the ML model uncertainty to provide trustworthy solutions. Real-time operational data from thermal-hydraulic flow loops of the cryogenic moderator system in Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Spallation Neutron Source facility were used to demonstrate the potential of knowledge-informed uncertainty-aware ML in real-world applications. The state variables of the cryogenic helium loop were modeled with (1) first principles–based system identification (sysID), (2) long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, and (3) hybrid sysID (baseline) + LSTM (residual). The superior predictive capability of the sysID+LSTM model versus stand-alone sysID and LSTM is confirmed by average performance metrics and individual data points across different prediction horizons. By creating a robust representation of the underlying physical system, the widely applicable hybrid residual modeling approach will enable the future development of digital twins for performance prediction, prognostics, and operation control.

Zhao, Xingang↗
DOE OSTI2014

Multifunctional optical correlator for picosecond ultraviolet laser pulse measurement

A compact optical correlator system that measures both the autocorrelation between two infrared (IR) lights and the cross-correlation between an IR and an ultraviolet (UV) light using a single nonlinear optical crystal has been designed and experimentally demonstrated. The rapid scanning of optical delay line, switching between auto and cross-correlations, crystal angle tuning, and data acquisition and processing are all computer controlled. Pulse widths of an IR light from a mode-locked laser are measured by the correlator and the results are compared with a direct measurement using a high-speed photodetector system. The correlator has been used to study the parameter dependence of the pulse width of a macropulse UV laser designed for laser-assisted hydrogen ion (H-) beam stripping for the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2023

High-energy inelastic neutron scattering data taken at the SEQUOIA spectrometer.

INS measurements were performed using the Fine Resolution Chopper Spectrometer SEQUOIA at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A powder sample of SrCoGe2O6 was loaded in an aluminum can for the measurements and a CCR was used to cool the sample down to 6 K. Data were collected using fixed incident neutron energies of 100 and 30 meV.

MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Low energy inelastic neutron scattering (INS) data of SrCoGe2O6 taken at CNCS chopper spectrometer.

INS measurements were performed using the Cold Neutron Chopper Spectrometer CNCS at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A powder sample of SrCoGe2O6 was loaded in an aluminum can for the measurements and a standard orange cryostat was used to cover the temperature region from 1.7 K to 100 K. Data were collected using fixed incident neutron energy of 5.0 meV.

MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

ZrH2 as measured on ARCS for NXS2021

This data is for ZrH2 in an Al can it is measured at room temperature. This data was used for the Neutron and Xray scattering school in 2021. It was measured on the ARCS direct geometry spectrometer at the spallation neutron source. The .nxs files are event files that can be read and processed with Mantid. The nxspe files are auto reduced files that can be read with Mantid, Dave, or Mslice. Both types of files are hdf5 and can be read with any tool that reads hdf5.

MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Search for Mirror Neutron Oscillations

Data taken using the Magnetism Reflectometer at the Spallation Neutron Source, used in the proposal Titled: Search for Mirror Neutron Oscillations

ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Search for Mirror Neutron Oscillations

Data taken using the Magnetism Reflectometer at the Spallation Neutron Source, used in the proposal Titled: Search for Mirror Neutron Oscillations

ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2025

In situ neutron and synchrotron diffraction of La0.9Sr0.1Co1-yFeyO3 (y=0, 0.25, 0.75, 1)

Powder La0.9Sr0.1Co1-yFeyO3 (y=0, 0.25, 0.75, 1) samples were probed via in situ neutron (POWGEN, Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory) and synchrotron (11-BM, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Lab) diffraction cycling between methane and air at temperatures ranging from room temperature to 850 C. Mail in neutron data (POWGEN) was collected on the samples at room temperature and 10 K. Additionally, gas production under similar reaction conditions as the in situ diffraction as monitored by Gasboard 3100 (California State University, Fullerton) is also included.

catalysis↗
DOE OSTI2025

Supporting Data for "On the magnetic contribution of itinerant electrons to neutron diffraction in the topological antiferromagnet CeAlGe"

Contents of this DOI are data for the research paper "On the magnetic contribution of itinerant electrons to neutron diffraction in the topological antiferromagnet CeAlGe" by the authors: V. Pomjakushin et al. The dataset contains raw data from neutron scattering experiments of CeAlGe powder performed at the CNCS spectrometer at Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

CNCS raw data for CoGeO3

Dataset collected at Cold Neutron Chopper Spectrometer at the Spallation Neutron Source, a DOE Office of Science User Facility operated by Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Spin-phonon coupling in AFM transition-metal mono-oxide

Time-of-flight INS measurements were performed on single crystal NiO with the Wide Angular Range Chopper Spectrometer (ARCS) at the Spallation Neutron Source. Experiments were performed on NiO single crystal mounted in an aluminum can and cooled using a closed-cycle helium refrigerator. Measurements were conducted at T = 100 K and 650 K, with the [HHL] scattering plane aligned horizontally. A Fermi chopper with slit spacing of 1.52mm, spinning at 300 Hz, was used to select an incident neutron energy of 100 meV. All datasets were normalized to a vanadium standard to correct for detector efficiency and solid angle coverage. The data sets include the .nxs files, the generated .hdf5 files (for use with Phonon Explorer), and Python scripts used to create them.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2014

Raw neutron scattering data for strain measurement of hydraulically loaded granite and marble samples in triaxial stress state

This entry contains raw data files from experiments performed on the Vulcan beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory using a pressure cell. Cylindrical granite and marble samples were subjected to confining pressures of either 0 psi or approximately 2500 psi and internal pressures of either 0 psi, 1500 psi or 2500 psi through a blind axial hole at the center of one end of the sample. The sample diameters were 1.5" and the sample lengths were 6". The blind hole was 0.25" in diameter and 3" deep. One set of experiments measured strains at points located circumferentially around the center of the sample with identical radii to determine if there was strain variability (this would not be expected for a homogeneous material based on the symmetry of loading). Another set of experiments measured load variation across the radius of the sample at a fixed axial and circumferential location. Raw neutron diffraction intensity files and experimental parameter descriptions are included.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

A scalable transformer model for real-time decision making in neutron scattering experiments

The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) neutron research facilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), including the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) and the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), are a state-of-the-art neutron scattering facility that allows researchers to study the structure and dynamics of materials at the atomic scale. At the SNS, neutrons are measured using the time-of-flight (TOF) technique as they move through a neutron beamline to interact with a sample. Large volumes of neutron scattering data are collected and recorded in neutron event mode. Optimal productivity of the TOF instrument is limited due to the lack of real-time data analysis tools. The large amount of data generated by the experiments can be challenging to process and analyze in real time, particularly for experiments that require rapid feedback and adjustment of experimental parameters. The regular computer/workstation cannot keep up with the experiment speed to provide real-time feedback to adjust experimental parameters, so connecting the supercomputers available to the neutron facility is necessary to achieve real-time data analysis and experiment steering. To address this challenge, we exploit the Frontier supercomputer at Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF) to train a scalable temporal fusion transformer model for real-time decision making of TOF neutron scattering experimentation. Here, in this paper, we present the results using Frontier to provide the processing power needed to rapidly process and analyze large volumes of single-crystal diffraction data collected at TOPAZ, a neutron time-of-flight Laue single-crystal diffractometer at the SNS.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

An Operationally Integrated Approach to the SNS 2.8 MW Power Upgrade

The SNS accelerator consist of a 1 GeV H⁻ linac and an accumulator ring producing a 1.4 MW pulsed proton beam which drives a spallation neutron source. The Proton Power Upgrade project will double the power capability from 1.4 to 2.8 MW by increasing the linac energy 30% and the beam current about 50%. Equipment upgrades include new superconducting RF cryomodules and supporting RF equipment, upgraded ring equipment, and upgraded high power target systems. An important aspect of the upgrade is a gradual power ramp-up starting in 2022 in which new equipment is installed during maintenance outages as it arrives.

Galambos, John D↗