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At least 685 records · Page 38
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

KBase Narrative - Atacama Trench & Sn Clemente 2018 cruise Metagenomes -Decontamination through Metagenomic Fractionation and analysis of Metabolic Potential-

Deep-sea microbiomes sampled with traditional or pressure-retaining instrumentation A fundamental property of life in the sea is that with increasing depth must come increased adaptation to elevated hydrostatic pressures. This project aims to assess technology for the accurate characterization of microbial biodiversity and biochemistry at greater depths, and validate its use in some of the deepest and least-explored waters in the Ocean: Hadal Trench. Compared to the 0.1 megapascal (MPa) of surface waters, organisms inhabiting at the average depth of the Ocean (3800 m) have to deal with pressures of 38 MPa (5,500 psi). The effects of these high pressure have been most thoroughly investigated in microorganisms, where it has been found to affect membrane integrity and transport, cytoskeletal assembly and both DNA and protein synthesis. We will explore the diversity and activity of microorganisms from 2000 m to >8,000 m depths within the highly productive water column of hadal trenches, comparing seawater samples obtained with and without substantial pressure changes during recovery. A pressure retaining device was used to sample the microbial communities of the watercolumn with reduced decompression during retreival (Peoples et. al., 2019). References: Peoples LM, Norenberg M, Price D, McGoldrick M, Novotny M, Bochdansky A, Bartlett DH. A full-ocean-depth rated modular lander and pressure-retaining sampler capable of collecting hadal-endemic microbes under in situ conditions. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 2019 Jan 1;143:50-7.

Plominsky, Alvaro M.↗
DOE OSTI2024

KBase Narrative - Atacama Trench & Sn Clemente 2018 cruise Metagenomes -Sequence quality filtration & Assembly-

Deep-sea microbiomes sampled with traditional or pressure-retaining instrumentation A fundamental property of life in the sea is that with increasing depth must come increased adaptation to elevated hydrostatic pressures. This project aims to assess technology for the accurate characterization of microbial biodiversity and biochemistry at greater depths, and validate its use in some of the deepest and least-explored waters in the Ocean: Hadal Trench. Compared to the 0.1 megapascal (MPa) of surface waters, organisms inhabiting at the average depth of the Ocean (3800 m) have to deal with pressures of 38 MPa (5,500 psi). The effects of these high pressure have been most thoroughly investigated in microorganisms, where it has been found to affect membrane integrity and transport, cytoskeletal assembly and both DNA and protein synthesis. We will explore the diversity and activity of microorganisms from 2000 m to >8,000 m depths within the highly productive water column of hadal trenches, comparing seawater samples obtained with and without substantial pressure changes during recovery. A pressure retaining device was used to sample the microbial communities of the watercolumn with reduced decompression during retreival (Peoples et. al., 2019). References: Peoples LM, Norenberg M, Price D, McGoldrick M, Novotny M, Bochdansky A, Bartlett DH. A full-ocean-depth rated modular lander and pressure-retaining sampler capable of collecting hadal-endemic microbes under in situ conditions. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 2019 Jan 1;143:50-7.

Plominsky, Alvaro M.↗
DOE OSTI2020

E 2 collectivity in shell-model calculations for odd-mass nuclei near 132 Sn

Shell-model calculations for 127,129In and 129,131Sb are presented, and interpreted in the context of the particle-core coupling scheme, wherein proton g9/2 holes or g7/2 particles are added to semimagic 128,130Sn cores. These results indicate that the particle-core coupling scheme is appropriate for the Sb isotopes, whilst less so for the In isotopes. B(E2) excitation strengths are also calculated, and show evidence of enhanced collectivity in both Sb isotopes, especially 131Sb. This observation suggests that 131Sb would be an excellent case for an experimental study seeking to investigate the early onset of collectivity near 132Sn.

Gray, Tim↗
DOE OSTI2021

Synthesis of N-type thermoelectric materials, including Mg--Sn--Ge materials, and methods for fabrication thereof

Discussed herein are systems and methods for fabrication of MgSnGe-based thermoelectric materials for applications from room temperature and near room temperature to high temperature applications. The TE materials may be fabricated by hand or ball milling a powder to a predetermined particle size and hot-pressing the milled powder to form a thermoelectric component with desired properties including a figure of merit (ZT) over a temperature range. The TE materials fabricated may be disposed in thermoelectric devices for varying applications.

Ren, Zhifeng↗
DOE OSTI2021

Effect of substrate temperature on the growth of Nb$_3$Sn film on Nb by multilayer sputtering

Nb3Sn films were fabricated by multilayer sequential sputtering on Nb substrates at substrate temperatures ranging from room temperature to 250 °C. The film material properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The films’ superconducting properties were studied by four-point probe resistivity measurements from room temperature to below the superconducting critical temperature Tc. The highest Tc was17.76 K, when the multilayers were deposited at room temperature. A superconducting Nb3Sn thin film with a smoother surface morphology but a lower Tc of 17.58 K was obtained on the film deposited at a substrate temperature of 250 °C.

Sayeed, Md. Nizam↗
DOE OSTI2022

An Impartial Perspective for Superconducting Nb$_3$Sn coated Copper RF Cavities for Future Linear Accelerators

This Snowmass21 Contributed Paper encourages the Particle Physics community in fostering R&D in Superconducting Nb3Sn coated Copper RF Cavities instead of costly bulk Niobium. It describes the pressing need to devote effort in this direction, which would deliver higher gradient and higher temperature of operation and reduce the overall capital and operational costs of any future collider. It is unlikely that an ILC will be built in the next ten years with Nb as one of the main cost drivers of SRFs. This paper provides strong arguments on the benefits of using this time for R&D on producing Nb3Sn on inexpensive and thermally efficient metals such as Cu or bronze, while pursuing in parallel the novel U.S. concept of parallel-feed RF accelerator structures. A technology that synergistically uses both of these advanced tools would make an ILC or equivalent machines more affordable and more likely to be built. Such a successful enterprise would readily apply to other HEP accelerators, for instance a Muon Collider, and to accelerators beyond HEP. We present and assess current efforts in the U.S. on the novel concept of parallel-feed RF accelerator structures, and in the U.S. and abroad in producing Nb3Sn films on either Cu or bronze despite minimal funding.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Nb$_3$Sn Superconducting Radiofrequency Cavities: a Maturing Technology for Particle Accelerators and Detectors

Nb3Sn superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities have substantial potential for enabling new performance capabilities for particle accelerators for high energy physics (HEP), as well as for RF cavity-based detectors for dark matter, gravitational waves, and other quantum sensing applications. Outside of HEP, Nb3Sn SRF cavities can also benefit accelerators for nuclear physics, basic energy sciences, and the industry. In this contribution to Snowmass 2021, we overview the potential, status, and outlook of Nb3Sn SRF cavities.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Mg2Co3Sn10 by Materials Project

Mg2Co3Sn10 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are twelve inequivalent Mg sites. In the first Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Co and ten Sn atoms. There are one shorter (3.05 Å) and two longer (3.07 Å) Mg–Co bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.04–3.25 Å. In the second Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Co and ten Sn atoms. There are one shorter (3.05 Å) and two longer (3.11 Å) Mg–Co bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.04–3.25 Å. In the third Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Co and ten Sn atoms. All Mg–Co bond lengths are 3.07 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.99–3.28 Å. In the fourth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three Co and ten Sn atoms. There are two shorter (3.06 Å) and one longer (3.07 Å) Mg–Co bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.00–3.28 Å. In the fifth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two Co and nine Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.85 Å) and one longer (2.87 Å) Mg–Co bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.03–3.24 Å. In the sixth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co and nine Sn atoms. Both Mg–Co bond lengths are 2.88 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.03–3.22 Å. In the seventh Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two Co and nine Sn atoms. Both Mg–Co bond lengths are 2.87 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.03–3.24 Å. In the eighth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co and nine Sn atoms. Both Mg–Co bond lengths are 2.87 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.04–3.21 Å. In the ninth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two Co and nine Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.88 Å) and one longer (2.89 Å) Mg–Co bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.02–3.23 Å. In the tenth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co and nine Sn atoms. Both Mg–Co bond lengths are 2.89 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.02–3.24 Å. In the eleventh Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two Co and nine Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.88 Å) and one longer (2.89 Å) Mg–Co bond lengths. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.03–3.23 Å. In the twelfth Mg site, Mg is bonded in a 11-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co and nine Sn atoms. Both Mg–Co bond lengths are 2.90 Å. There are a spread of Mg–Sn bond distances ranging from 3.02–3.23 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent Co sites. In the first Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.61–2.82 Å. In the second Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.63–2.81 Å. In the third Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.61–2.79 Å. In the fourth Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.64–2.78 Å. In the fifth Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.75 Å. In the sixth Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.74 Å. In the seventh Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.75 Å. In the eighth Co site, Co is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three Mg and six Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.74 Å. In the ninth Co site, Co is bonded to six Sn atoms to form distorted CoSn6 pentagonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one CoSn7 pentagonal bipyramid, corners with three CoSn6 pentagonal pyramids, and corners with two equivalent CoSn5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.57–2.69 Å. In the tenth Co site, Co is bonded to five Sn atoms to form distorted corner-sharing CoSn5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.51–2.66 Å. In the eleventh Co site, Co is bonded to six Sn atoms to form distorted CoSn6 pentagonal pyramids that share a cornercorner with one CoSn7 pentagonal bipyramid, corners with three CoSn6 pentagonal pyramids, and an edgeedge with one CoSn7 pentagonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.53–2.76 Å. In the twelfth Co site, Co is bonded to seven Sn atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing CoSn7 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.84 Å. In the thirteenth Co site, Co is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.61–2.82 Å. In the fourteenth Co site, Co is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.82 Å. In the fifteenth Co site, Co is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.81 Å. In the sixteenth Co site, Co is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Sn atoms. There are a spread of Co–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.81 Å. There are fifty-five inequivalent Sn sites. In the first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the third Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the fourth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the fifth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the sixth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the seventh Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the eighth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the ninth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the tenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted trigonal pyramidal geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. The Sn–Sn bond length is 3.13 Å. In the eleventh Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and three Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.96 Å) and two longer (3.01 Å) Sn–Sn bond lengths. In the twelfth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and four Sn atoms. There are one shorter (2.93 Å) and three longer (3.03 Å) Sn–Sn bond lengths. In the thirteenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and four Sn atoms. There are a spread of Sn–Sn bond distances ranging from 2.92–3.04 Å. In the fourteenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. In the fifteenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. In the sixteenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. In the seventeenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. In the eighteenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Co and one Sn atom. In the nineteenth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Co atoms. In the twentieth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co atoms. In the twenty-first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Co atoms. In the twenty-second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Co atoms. In the twenty-third Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Co atoms. In the twenty-fourth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Co atoms. In the twenty-fifth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Co atoms. In the twenty-sixth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Co atoms. In the twenty-seventh Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to three Mg, three Co, and one Sn atom. In the twenty-eighth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to three Mg, three Co, and one Sn atom. In the twenty-ninth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to three Mg, three Co, and one Sn atom. In the thirtieth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to three Mg, three Co, and one Sn atom. In the thirty-first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Mg atoms. In the thirty-second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Mg atoms. In the thirty-third Sn site, Sn is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Mg atom. In the thirty-fourth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Mg atom. In the thirty-fifth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Mg atom. In the thirty-sixth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Mg atom. In the thirty-seventh Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mg atoms. In the thirty-eighth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mg atoms. In the thirty-ninth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mg atoms. In the fortieth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Mg atoms. In the forty-first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Mg and two Co atoms. In the forty-second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Mg and two Co atoms. In the forty-third Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Mg and two Co atoms. In the forty-fourth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Mg and two Co atoms. In the forty-fifth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two equivalent Co, and one Sn atom. The Sn–Sn bond length is 2.97 Å. In the forty-sixth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two Co, and one Sn atom. The Sn–Sn bond length is 2.97 Å. In the forty-seventh Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two equivalent Co, and one Sn atom. The Sn–Sn bond length is 2.96 Å. In the forty-eighth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two Co, and one Sn atom. The Sn–Sn bond length is 2.97 Å. In the forty-ninth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two equivalent Co, and one Sn atom. In the fiftieth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two Co, and one Sn atom. In the fifty-first Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two equivalent Co, and one Sn atom. In the fifty-second Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Mg, two Co, and one Sn atom. In the fifty-third Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the fifty-fourth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms. In the fifty-fifth Sn site, Sn is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mg and two Co atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗