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At least 667 records · Page 37
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NASA NTRS1981

Numerical investigation of turbulent channel flow

Fully developed turbulent channel flow was simulated numerically at Reynolds number 13800, based on centerline velocity and channel halt width. The large-scale flow field was obtained by directly integrating the filtered, three dimensional, time dependent, Navier-Stokes equations. The small-scale field motions were simulated through an eddy viscosity model. The calculations were carried out on the ILLIAC IV computer with up to 516,096 grid points. The computed flow field was used to study the statistical properties of the flow as well as its time dependent features. The agreement of the computed mean velocity profile, turbulence statistics, and detailed flow structures with experimental data is good. The resolvable portion of the statistical correlations appearing in the Reynolds stress equations are calculated. Particular attention is given to the examination of the flow structure in the vicinity of the wall.

Moin, P.↗
NASA NTRS1981

The effect of temperature fluctuations of reaction rate constants in turbulent reacting flows

Current models of turbulent reacting flows frequently use Arrhenius reaction rate constants obtained from static or laminar flow theory and/or experiments, or from best fits of static, laminar, and turbulent data. By treating the reaction rate constant as a continuous random variable which is temperature-dependent, the present study assesses the effect of turbulent temperature fluctuations on the reaction rate constant. This model requires that a probability density function (PDF) describing the nature of the fluctuations be specified. Three PDFs are examined: the clipped Gaussian, the beta PDF, and the ramp model. All the models indicate that the reaction rate constant is greater in a turbulent flow field than in an equivalent laminar flow. In addition, an amplification ratio, which is the ratio of the turbulent rate constant to the laminar rate constant, is defined and its behavior as a function of the mean temperature fluctuations is described

Chinitz, W.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Aeroacoustics of subsonic turbulent shear flows

Sound generation in turbulent shear flows is examined. The emphasis is on simultaneous calculation of the turbulent flow along with the resulting sound generation rather than the alternative acoustic analogy approach. The first part of the paper is concerned with solid surface interaction. The second part concentrates on the sound generated by turbulence interacting with itself.

Goldstein, Marvin E.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Aeroacoustics of subsonic turbulent shear flows

Sound generation in turbulent shear flows is examined. The emphasis is on simultaneous calculation of the turbulent flow along with the resulting sound generation rather than the alternative acoustic analogy approach. The first part of the paper is concerned with solid surface interaction. The second part concentrates on the sound generated by turbulence interacting with itself.

Goldstein, Marvin E.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Turbulence modeling for high speed compressible flows

Turbulence models are necessary in numerical simulations because of the impracticality of computing all scales of turbulent motion. Approximate methods, or turbulence models, are introduced to simplify and make the computations practical. There are several approaches to turbulence modeling: subgrid scale modeling; modeling of all the scales of turbulent motion; eddy viscosity; and Reynolds stress turbulence closure models. In many instances, computations based on turbulence models are compared with available experimental data. The effort is directed at seeking models which have reasonable accuracy over a limited range of flow conditions. Future needs are briefly discussed. Work to date is outlined.

Chandra, Suresh↗
NASA NTRS1987

Calculation of wall and free turbulent-shear flows at supersonic speeds

Supersonic turbulent flows are simulated numerically by solving the Reynolds-averaged full Navier-Stokes equations by an implicit finite-volume method. This flux-vector-split upwind scheme uses approximate factorization followed by line-Gauss-Seidel relaxations. The effects of turbulence are modeled by two eddy viscosity models. High-Reynolds-number form of the k-epsilon model is coupled with a wall-function to avoid excessive refinement of the grid in the low-Reynolds number regions. The k-epsilon equations are solved by the explicit-implicit MacCormack method. The algebraic Baldwin-Lomax model is also being used as an inexpensive alternative for the cases which do not experience massive separation. Several examples of two-dimensional solutions are given to illustrate both wall and free turbulent shear flows which include fluid dynamic phenomena, such as shocks, boundary layers, shear layers, wakes, separations and recirculations. The results compared with experimental data show good agreeent.

Baysal, O.↗
NASA NTRS1992

On the prediction of turbulent secondary flows

The prediction of turbulent secondary flows, with Reynolds stress models, in circular pipes and non-circular ducts is reviewed. Turbulence-driven secondary flows in straight non-circular ducts are considered along with turbulent secondary flows in pipes and ducts that arise from curvature or a system rotation. The physical mechanisms that generate these different kinds of secondary flows are outlined and the level of turbulence closure required to properly compute each type is discussed in detail. Illustrative computations of a variety of different secondary flows obtained from two-equation turbulence models and second-order closures are provided to amplify these points.

Speziale, C. G.↗
NASA NTRS1991

A simple recipe for modeling reaction-rate in flows with turbulent-combustion

A computationally viable scheme to account for chemical reaction in turbulent flows is presented. The multivariate beta-pdf model for multiple scalar mixing forms the basis of this scheme. Using the model scalar joint pdf and a general form of the instantaneous reaction-rate, the unclosed chemical reaction terms are expressed as simple functions of scalar means and the turbulent scalar energy. The calculation procedure requires that the mean scalar equations and only one other transport equation - for the turbulent scalar energy - be solved.

Girimaji, Sharath S.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Numerical prediction of aeroacoustic jet-flap flows

Turbulent boundary layer flows departing an aerodynamic surface are experimentally verified to be strong sources of noise. Analysis of the source tensor of the Lighthill equation identifies important gradients of mean and fluctuating velocity components. Transition distributions of mean flow and select fluctuating velocity correlations, within the region immediately downstream of a sharp edged flap terminus are established by finite element solution of a parabolized form of the time-averaged steady flow Navier-Stokes equations closed with a turbulence kinetic energy model. Numerical solutions are presented which quantize the localized large mean flow accelerations and resultant peaks in the distribution of turbulence kinetic energy in the near wake region. Results are verified by comparison to experiment.

Baker, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Calculation of turbulent shear stress in supersonic boundary layer flows

Turbulent shear stress distributions for supersonic boundary layer flows have been computed from experimental mean boundary layer data. The computations have been made by numerically integrating the time averaged continuity and streamwise momentum equations. Distributions have been obtained for flows upstream and downstream of shock-wave-boundary layer interactions and for both two-dimensional and axisymmetric flows. The computed results are compared with recently reported shear stress measurements which were obtained by hot wire anemometer and laser velocimeter techniques.

Sun, C. C.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Studies of compressible shear flows and turbulent drag reduction

Compressible shear flows and drag reduction were examined and three methods are addressed: (1) the analytical and numerical aspects of conformal mapping were summarized and a new method for computation of these maps is presented; (2) the computer code SPECFD for solution of the three dimensional time dependent Navier-Stokes equations for compressible flow on the CYBER 203 computer is described; (3) results of two equation turbulence modeling of turbulent flow over wavy walls are presented. A modified Jones-Launder model is used in two dimensional spectral code for flow in general wavy geometries.

Orszag, S. A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Effects of spanwise rotation on the structure of two-dimensional fully developed turbulent channel flow.

Experiments on fully developed turbulent flow in a channel which is rotating at a steady rate about a spanwise axis are described. The Coriolis force components in the region of two-dimensional mean flow affect both local and global stability. Three stability-related phenomena were observed or inferred: (1) the reduction (increase) of the rate of wall-layer streak bursting in locally stabilized (destabilized) wall layers; (2) the total suppression of transition to turbulence in a stabilized layer; (3) the development of large-scale roll cells on the destabilized side of the channel by growth of a Taylor-Gortler vortex instability. Local effects of rotational stabilization, such as reduction of the turbulent stress in wall layers, can be related to the local Richardson number in a simple way. This paper not only investigates this effect, but also, by methods of flow visualization, exposes some of the underlying structure changes caused by rotation.-

Johnston, J. P.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Numerical study of turbulent secondary flows in curved ducts

The pressure driven, fully-developed turbulent flow of an incompressible viscous fluid in curved ducts of square-section is studied numerically by making use of a finite volume method. A nonlinear Kappa - Iota model is used to represent the turbulence. The results for both straight and curved ducts are presented. For the case of fully-developed turbulent flow in straight and curved ducts, the secondary flow is characterized by an eight-vortex structure for which the computed flowfield is shown to be in good agreement with available experimental data. The introduction of moderate curvature is shown to cause a substantial increase in the strength of the secondary flow and to change the secondary flow pattern to either a double-vortex or a four-vortex configuration.

Hur, N.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Numerical study of turbulent secondary flows in curved ducts

The pressure driven, fully-developed turbulent flow of an incompressible viscous fluid in curved ducts of square cross-section is studied numerically by making use of a finite volume method. A nonlinear Kappa - Iota model is used to represent the turbulence. The results for both straight and curved ducts are presented. For the case of fully-developed turbulent flow in straight ducts, the secondary flow is characterized by an eight-vortex structure for which the computed flowfield is shown to be in good agreement with available experimental data. The introduction of moderate curvature is shown to cause a substantial increase in the strength of the secondary flow and to change the secondary flow pattern to either a double-vortex or a four-vortex configuration.

Hur, N.↗