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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 667 records · Page 37
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Software and Hardware Development for the Mu2e Trigger and Data Acquisition System

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will be 10,000 times more sensitive than previous experiments looking for muon-to-electron conversion. This precise and complex experimental apparatus will produce 200 million billion muons per year. The accelerator complex repurposes elements of the infrastructure that produced high energy proton and anti-protons beams for the Tevatron experiments to produce the high-intensity muon beams necessary for Mu2e and the Muon (g-2) experiments.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Development of high throughput light-sheet fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for 3D functional imaging of metabolic pathways in plant and microorganisms (Final Technical Report)

This research program will enable new biochemical contrast in the nanosecond lifetime domain through use of the recently demonstrated electro-optic fluorescence lifetime imaging technique (EO-FLIM) for wide-field lifetime imaging. The Stanford/Stanford Linear Accelerator Center multidisciplinary collaboration -- physics, applied physics, and structural biology -- will develop a light-sheet fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope for functional studies of microbial and plant metabolic pathways and dynamic interactions between plants and microorganisms in the rhizosphere. The proposed approach overcomes the imaging time bottleneck associated with existing fluorescence lifetime imaging methods. Initial demonstrations have shown a factor of 100,000 improvement in photon throughput compared to existing methods. High photon efficiency allowed the first wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging of single molecules. Recent work has improved the technique’s repetition rate to enable compatibility with mode-locked lasers and demonstrated the combination of wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging with super-resolution localization microscopy, observations of single molecule dynamics, and observation of donor lifetime quenching in single-molecule imaging. These results were achieved on standard camera sensors and would not have been possible with other wide-field approaches. The throughput and photon economy of the EO-FLIM method enables new BER-relevant imaging opportunities. In particular, scanned single- and two-photon light-sheet excitation will be used to achieve volumetric imaging with time-domain contrast.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2020

Conceptual Design of a HTS Dipole Insert Based on Bi2212 Rutherford Cable

The U.S. Magnet Development Program (US-MDP) is aimed at developing high-field accelerator magnets with magnetic fields beyond the limits of Nb 3 Sn technology. Recent progress with composite wires and Rutherford cables based on the first generation high-temperature superconductor Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8-x (Bi2212) allows considering them for this purpose. However, Bi2212 wires and cables are sensitive to transverse stresses and strains, which are large in high-field accelerator magnets. This requires magnet designs with stress management concepts to control azimuthal and radial strains in the coil windings and prevent the degradation of the current carrying capability of Bi2212 conductor or even its permanent damage. This paper describes a novel stress management approach, which was developed at Fermilab for high-field large-aperture Nb 3 Sn accelerator magnets, and is now being applied to high-field dipole inserts based on Bi2212 Rutherford cables. The insert conceptual design and main parameters, including the superconducting wire and cable, as well as the coil stress management structure, key technological steps and approaches, test configurations and their target parameters, are presented and discussed.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Ultrafast High-Voltage Kicker System for Ion-Clearing Gaps

Ionization scattering of electron beams with residual gas molecules causes ion trapping in electron rings, both in a collider and electron cooling system. These trapped ions may cause emittance growth, tune shift, halo formation, and coherent coupled bunch instabilities. In order to clear the ions and prevent them from accumulating turn after turn, the gaps in a temporal structure of the beam are typically used. Typically, the gap in the bunch train has a length of a few percent of the ring circumference. In those regions, the extraction electrodes with high pulsed voltages are introduced. In this paper, we present the design consideration and initial test results of the high-voltage pulsed kicker hardware that includes vacuum device and pulsed voltage driver, capable of achieving over 3 kV of deflecting voltage amplitude, rise and fall times of less than 10 ns, 100 ns flat-top duration at 1.4 MHz repetition rate.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Comprehensive Symmetric-Hybrid ring design for pEDM experiment at below $10^{-29}e\cdot$cm

A concise demonstrative summary of the Symmetric Hybrid ring design for the storage ring proton electric dipole moment experiment is presented. Critical issues such as lattice design, background electrical fields,geometrical phase, general relativity, spin coherence time and polarimeter systematics are presented. Overall, we find that with the currently proposed design iteration, systematic error sources are reduced by orders of magnitude and that the ring alignment requirements are within the currently available technology.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

High Energy & High Luminosity $\gamma \gamma$ Colliders

With the best of modern standard lasers, high-energy $\gamma\gamma$ colliders from electron beams of E larger than 250 GeV are possible at the expense of photon luminosity, i.e. 10 times lower than for photon colliders at c.m. energies below 0.5 TeV. This Snowmass21 Contributed Paper shows how Free Electron Lasers (FEL) pave the way for High Energy & High Luminosity $\gamma\gamma$ colliders. We present and assess a conceptual design study of the Free Electron Laser that would be required for high luminosity $\gamma\gamma$ colliders as second interaction region of 0.5 TeV to 10 TeV c.m. $e^+e^-$ colliders.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

C$^3$ Demonstration Research and Development Plan

C$^3$ is an opportunity to realize an e$^+$e$^-$ collider for the study of the Higgs boson at $\sqrt{s} = 250$ GeV, with a well defined upgrade path to 550 GeV while staying on the same short facility footprint. C$^3$ is based on a fundamentally new approach to normal conducting linear accelerators that achieves both high gradient and high efficiency at relatively low cost. Given the advanced state of linear collider designs, the key system that requires technical maturation for C$^3$ is the main linac. This white paper presents the staged approach towards a facility to demonstrate C$^3$ technology with both Direct (source and main linac) and Parallel (beam delivery, damping ring, ancillary component) R&D. The white paper also includes discussion on the approach for technology industrialization, related HEP R&D activities that are enabled by C$^3$ R&D, infrastructure requirements and siting options.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Conductor Properties and Coil Technology for a Bi2212 Dipole Insert for 20 Tesla Hybrid Accelerator Magnets

A dipole insert based on a 2-layer cos-theta coil with stress management and Bi2212 superconducting strand and cable is being developed at Fermilab as part of the US-MDP effort. The ultimate goal of this task is to develop coil technology and an approach to manage azimuthal and radial strains of high temperature superconductor inserts when integrated within Nb3Sn outserts as a hybrid magnet system. This note reviews conductor properties and possible coil technologies.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Higgs Factory Considerations

We discuss considerations that can be used to formulate recommendations for initiating a lepton collider project that would provide precision studies of the Higgs boson and related electroweak phenomena.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Design of axion and axion dark matter searches based on ultra high Q SRF cavities

The Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems center is developing searches for dark photons, axions and ALPs with the goal of improving upon the current state-of-the-art sensitivity. These efforts leverage on Fermi National Accelerator expertise on ultra-high quality factor superconducting radio frequency cavities combined with the center research on quantum technology. Here we focus on multiple axion searches that utilize ~1E10 quality factor superconducting radio frequency cavities and their resonant modes to enhance the production and/or detection of axions in the cavity volume. In addition, we present preliminary results of single-mode and multi-mode nonlinearity measurements that were carried out as part of an experimental feasibility study to gain insight on the behavior of the ultra-high quality factor resonators and the experimental RF system in the regime relevant for axion searches.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Study of Spherical Array Target for Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment

Spherical Array Target was studied by implementing the geometry in LBNE's Beam Simulation source code g4lbne version v3r2p4 and Monte Carlo. To compare with Nominal LBNE target, unoscillated Far Detector neutrino flux was produced using different parameters: sphere diameter 17mm and 13mm, different longitudinal positions, two interaction length and less, beam size R/3 and 1.7mm, and beam offset from 50 $\mu$m to 1mm. The 1.86 interaction length (901mm), 17mm diameter target, with beam size 1.7mm gives higher $\nu_{\mu}$ flux up to 10% from 0-3.5 GeV, and suppresses flux up to 70% at energy higher than 3.5 GeV.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Measurement of Charged Current Inclusive $\bar{V}_\mu$ Interactions and 2p2h Contribution Using the NOvA Near Detector

More precise measurements of the scattering of antineutrinos on nuclei in the few GeV region of incident energy, $E_{\nu}$, can reveal new aspects of $v/\bar{v}$ interactions and of nuclear structure, while providing information crucial to continued progress by neutrino oscillation experiments. This Thesis reports an investigation of charged current $\bar{v}_\mu$ interactions in the predominantly hydrocarbon medium of the NOvA Near Detector. The data are obtained with the detector exposed to a narrow-band $\bar{v}$ µ beam with spectral peak at E ν = 2.0 GeV, for a total accumulated exposure of 12.5×10$^{20}$ protons-on-target. The analysis expresses results in terms of three-momentum transfer,|$\vec{q}$| and available hadronic energy, $E$ avail . These variables approximate (q 0 , |$\vec{q}$|), the variables used in theoretical treatments of lepton scattering on multi-nucleon systems such as in 2-particle-2-hole (2p2h) processes. This Thesis delivers two core measurements: Firstly, the double-dierential cross section $d^2σ/d|\vec{q} |dE_{avail}$ for inclusive CC $\bar{v}_\mu$ interactions in the NOvA detector medium is obtained. The cross section has a roughly gaussian shape in its projection onto |$\vec{q}$|, while being largely concentrated at values of $E$ avail below 100 MeV. The single diferential cross sections dσ/d|$\vec{q}$| and dσ/dE avail are also obtained, and are compared to predictions based on the GENIE v3.0.6 neutrino generator augmented with four different implementations of 2p2h reactions. Secondly, the contribution of 2p2h reactions to the CC inclusive scattering sample is determined. Its presence is characterized in terms of double-differential and single-differential cross sections. The latter 2p2h distributions are compared to predictions from two experimental data-tune models and from two theory-based models, namely the SuSAv2 model and the Valencia model. Both of the theoretical models underpredict the measured cross-section strength and predict a shape for dσ/d|$\vec{q}$| that is flatter than the measured shape. Thus, this Thesis provides new information about CC antineutrino-nucleus scattering in the vicinity of Eν ~ 2 GeV, and it highlights improvements that are needed in theoretical treatments of 2p2h reactions.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Incoherent Dynamics of Intense Proton Beams Under Electron Cooling

The minimum emittance of ion beams achieved using electron cooling is limited by the heating processes of Intra Beam Scattering and diffusion driven by resonance crossing of particles due to space-charge. We describe a new experiment to explore the intense space-charge regime with a transverse tune shift approaching -0.5 using 2.5 MeV protons at the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) at Fermilab. We also report on the results from PyORBIT simulations incorporating transverse space-charge and electron cooling with emphasis on the incoherent dynamics of the particles.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Improved Measurements of Nonlinear Integrable Optics Invariants at IOTA

Nonlinear integrable optics (NIO) are a promising novel approach at improving the stability of high intensity beams. Implementations of NIO based on specialized magnetic elements are being tested at the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) at Fermilab. One method of verifying proper implementation of these solutions is by measuring the analytic invariants predicted by theory. The initial measurements of nonlinear invariants were performed during IOTA run in 2019/20, however the covid-19 pandemic prevented the full-scale experimental program from being completed. Several important improvements were implemented in IOTA for the 2022/23 run, including the operation at higher beam energy of 150 MeV, improved optics control, and chromaticity correction. This report presents the results of improved measurements of nonlinear invariants.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Advanced Material Studies for High Intensity Proton Production Targets and Windows

The titanium alloy Ti6Al4V is widely used in accelerator facilities as beam windows, which are exposed to high cycle compressive stress waves from intense pulsed proton beams. Such materials interacting with the beam are subject to various forms of radiation damage, which can adversely affect their endurance limit. However, no fatigue data is currently available for high energy proton irradiated titanium alloy. Due to limitations in proton irradiation facilities, only miniature flat samples can be used for irradiation. To address this issue, we have developed a custom-made bend fatigue tester at Fermilab specifically for testing proton irradiated titanium alloy. In this presentation, we report on the fatigue test results obtained from this custom-fatigue tester using a non-ASTM standard specimen design. We plan to validate these sparse fatigue data with ASTM standard samples using standard fatigue samples. Furthermore, we have modified another commercial bend fatigue tester to accommodate miniature samples, and discuss some inherent deficiencies of the commercial fatigue tester to test miniature samples. To overcome this issue, a new fixture design is presented, which enables satisfactory fatigue testing on miniature samples over long periods. Finally, we present an upgrade to the custom-fatigue tester, featuring this new fixture design.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Workshop on a future muon program at FNAL

The Snowmass report on rare processes and precision measurements recommended Mu2e-II and a next generation muon facility at Fermilab (Advanced Muon Facility) as priorities for the frontier. The Workshop on a future muon program at FNAL was held in March 2023 to discuss design studies for Mu2e-II, organizing efforts for the next generation muon facility, and identify synergies with other efforts (e.g., muon collider). Topics included high-power targetry, status of R&D for Mu2e-II, development of compressor rings, FFA and concepts for muon experiments (conversion, decays, muonium and other opportunities) at AMF. This document summarizes the workshop discussions with a focus on future R&D tasks needed to realize these concepts.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗