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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 667 records · Page 37
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Communication: The origin of many-particle signals in nonlinear optical spectroscopy of non-interacting particles

Nonlinear spectroscopy signals detected by fluorescence from dilute samples of N non-interacting molecules are usually adequately described by simply multiplying the single molecule response by N . Here, we show that signals that scale with higher powers of N are generated by the joint detection of several particles. This can be accomplished by phase sensitive detection such as phase cycling, photo-acoustic modulation, or by Hanbury-Brown Twiss photon coincidence. Such measurements can dissect the ensemble according to the number of excited particles.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2013

Semiorganic nonlinear optical material: Crystal growth, structure and optical properties of NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2}

Graphical abstract: - Highlights: • Semiorganic NLO material NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2} has been grown with sizes up to 8 × 5 × 2 mm{sup 3}. • It crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric Monoclinic space group P2. • Thermal analysis demonstrated NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2} are thermally stable up to 280. • NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2} has an absorption edge about 220 nm in the UV region. • It exhibits a NLO efficiency of about two times that of KDP (KH{sub 2}PO{sub 4}) standard. - Abstract: Single crystal of the semiorganic NLO material NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2} has been grown with sizes up to 8 × 5 × 2 mm{sup 3} by the slow evaporation method. The crystal structure of this compound was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the Monoclinic space group P2 with lattice parameters a = 5.4045(11) Å, b = 11.692(2) Å, c = 9.4773(19) Å and Z = 2. Thermal analysis demonstrated NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2} are thermally stable up to 280 °C. NaB(L-C{sub 4}H{sub 4}O{sub 5}){sub 2} exhibits an absorption edge about 220 nm in the UV region. The powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurement performed on the ground crystal indicates that it has a NLO efficiency of about 2 times that of KDP (KH{sub 2}PO{sub 4}) standard. In addition, the origin of stronger SHG effect was discussed.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Next-generation in vivo optical imaging with short-wave infrared quantum dots

For in vivo imaging, the short-wavelength infrared region (SWIR; 1,000–2,000 nm) provides several advantages over the visible and near-infrared regions: general lack of autofluorescence, low light absorption by blood and tissue, and reduced scattering. However, the lack of versatile and functional SWIR emitters has prevented the general adoption of SWIR imaging by the biomedical research community. In this work, we introduce a class of high-quality SWIR-emissive indium-arsenide-based quantum dots that are readily modifiable for various functional imaging applications, and that exhibit narrow and size-tunable emission and a dramatically higher emission quantum yield than previously described SWIR probes. To demonstrate the unprecedented combination of deep penetration, high spatial resolution, multicolour imaging and fast acquisition speed afforded by the SWIR quantum dots, we quantified, in mice, the metabolic turnover rates of lipoproteins in several organs simultaneously and in real time as well as heartbeat and breathing rates in awake and unrestrained animals, and generated detailed three-dimensional quantitative flow maps of the mouse brain vasculature.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2015

Optical properties and plasmonic response of silver-gallium nanostructures

Silver and gallium form an alloy Ag{sub 2}Ga via a room temperature spontaneous self-assembly that exhibits remarkable mechanical and electrical properties suitable for nanoscale measurements. However, whether photon excitation of plasmons in this emerging nanomaterial is retained or not has not been established. Here, we present a thin film formation of Ag{sub 2}Ga via a spreading-reactive process of liquid Ga on an Ag film and a characterization of its dielectric function ϵ(E) = ϵ{sub 1}(E) + iϵ{sub 2}(E) in the photon energy range 1.42 eV ≤ E < 4.2 eV. It is observed that while the plasmon damping increases, near an energy of 2.25 eV, the real part of ϵ exhibits a crossing with respect to that of Ag. Furthermore, the impact of new plasmon supporting materials is discussed and in order to enable further applications in plasmonics, the possibility of photon excitation of surface plasmons in Ag{sub 2}Ga is studied.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Illusion optics: Optically transforming the nature and the location of electromagnetic emissions

Complex electromagnetic structures can be designed by using the powerful concept of transformation electromagnetics. In this study, we define a spatial coordinate transformation that shows the possibility of designing a device capable of producing an illusion on an antenna radiation pattern. Indeed, by compressing the space containing a radiating element, we show that it is able to change the radiation pattern and to make the radiation location appear outside the latter space. Both continuous and discretized models with calculated electromagnetic parameter values are presented. A reduction of the electromagnetic material parameters is also proposed for a possible physical fabrication of the device with achievable values of permittivity and permeability that can be obtained from existing well-known metamaterials. Following that, the design of the proposed antenna using a layered metamaterial is presented. Full wave numerical simulations using Finite Element Method are performed to demonstrate the performances of such a device.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

High order magnetic optics for high dynamic range proton radiography at a kinetic energy of 800 MeV

Flash radiography with 800 MeV kinetic energy protons at Los Alamos National Laboratory is an important experimental tool for investigations of dynamic material behavior driven by high explosives or pulsed power. The extraction of quantitative information about density fields in a dynamic experiment from proton generated images requires a high fidelity model of the proton imaging process. It is shown that accurate calculations of the transmission through the magnetic lens system require terms beyond second order for protons far from the tune energy. The approach used integrates the correlated multiple Coulomb scattering distribution simultaneously over the collimator and the image plane. Comparison with a series of static calibration images demonstrates the model’s accurate reproduction of both the transmission and blur over a wide range of tune energies in an inverse identity lens that consists of four quadrupole electromagnets.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗