The separation of corrosion and stress effects in the ''stress corrosion'' of high strength aluminum alloys.
Stress corrosion of high strength aluminum alloy in NaCl solution, separating corrosion and stress effects
Brummer, S. B.↗
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X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of the high-temperature beta-phase of the AgBiSe sub 2 /AgBiS sub 2 system.
X ray and neutron diffraction studies of NaCl type beta phases of silver-bismuth selenide/sulfide, determining crystal structure
Glatz, A. C.↗
Fog modification with giant hygroscopic nuclei.
Visibility improvement in warm fog by seeding with micron size hygroscopic particles, noting results for NaCl
Jiusto, J. E.↗
Nature of the inactivation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase from an obligate halophile
Nicotinamide adenide dinucleotide phosphate /NADP/ specific isocitrate dehydrogenase /ICDH/ inactivation from obligate halophile at low NaCl levels
Hubbard, J. S.↗
An accelerated stress corrosion test for high- strength ferrous alloys
High strength ferrous alloys susceptibility to stress corrosion in seacoast environment, tension loading single edge notched and fatigue cracked specimens in NaCl solution
Freedman, A. H.↗
Germination and growth of Neurospora at low water activities
Neurospora germination and growth in medium of low water activity due to NaCl or nonelectrolyte addition
Charlang, G. W.↗
ESR studies of hydrogen trapped in alkali halides by proton irradiation
Trapped hydrogen atoms detection in proton irradiated KCl and NaCl single crystals at 77 K, using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
Virmani, Y. P.↗
Al/Cl2 molten salt battery
Molten salt battery has been developed with theoretical energy density of 5.2 j/kg (650 W-h/lb). Battery, which operates at 150 C, can be used in primary mode or as rechargeable battery. Battery has aluminum anode and chlorine cathode. Electrolyte is mixture of AlCl3, NaCl, and some alkali metal halide such as KCl.
Giner, J.↗
Electrochemical studies in aluminum chloride melts
A melt purification system was developed which produces a final melt far superior electrochemically than those previously reported. A residual current of less than 2 microamps/sq mn at a sweep rate of 0.5 V/sec was used as the criteria for a pure melt. The use of a second purified bulk melt and a heated pipette permitted the rapid exchange of working electrode compartments while retaining the same reference electrode system. The major portion of the work was carried out in the 1:1 AlCl3:NaCl melt at 175 and 200 C. Several measurements were made in the 2:1 melt and a few on the silver systems in intermediate compositions. Programs for PDP-8I and PDP-12 digital computers and the required electronic circuitry systems were developed to carry out various electrochemical measurements in the melt. A pair of 50 yard transmission lines were used to connect the computer to the experiment. Ensemble averaging and digital, least squares smoothing are used within the programs to improve the signal-to-noise ratio by at least an order of magnitude. Some of the computerized electrochemcial techniques used to examine the different systems were pulse polarography, double pulse polarography, staircase voltammetry, kinetic double potential step chronoamperometry and double potential step chronocoulometry.
Osteryoung, R. A.↗
Study of permeability characteristics of membranes
Pressure-permeation experiments were performed with the concentration-clamp cell. Streaming potentials and hydraulic permeabilities were measured for an AMF C-103 cation-exchange membrane bounded by 0.1 N NaCl solutions. The streaming potential calculated from the slope of the recorded potential differences versus the applied pressure, yields a value of 1.895 millivolt/dekabar. When comparison with other membranes of similar characteristics could be made, good agreement was found. The values of the hydraulic permeability varied somewhat with the applied pressure difference and are between 1.3 x 10 to the minus 8th power and 3.9 x 10 to the minus 8th power sq cm/dekabar-sec. The specific hydraulic permeabilities were also calculated and compared with data from the literature. Fair agreement was found. The diffusion coefficient of the chloride ion in the AMF C-103 membrane was calculated, using Fick's first law of diffusion based on ion concentrations calculated from the Donnan equilibrium concentration of Cl(-).
Spiegler, K. S.↗
Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stress
Results of continuing studies of forest trees subjected to varying types of stress are reported. Both greenhouse and field studies are included. Greenhouse work with tree seedlings exposed to varying levels of NaCl and CaCl2 in the soil indicated that, in the initial stages, palisade cells shrink and the amount of air space in the leaf increases. As the severity of damage increases, the cells of the spongy mesophyll shrink and flatten, and the amount of air space in the leaf decreases. Statistical analysis of foliar reflectance and associated moisture content data led to a series of regression equations for predicting foliar moisture content from reflectance data. Equations were calculated for three species, yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton), sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and white ash (Fraxinus americana L.) having multiple correlation coefficients of 0.98, 0.94 and 0.93 respectively. Interpretation of multispectral imagery of the Ann Arbor Forestry Test Site (NASA Site 190) provided evidence that infections of Fomes annosus can be detected in the early stages. Infections of two needle cast diseases were also detected in conifer plantations in the test site. A study of automatic interpretation of multispectral scanner imagery for tree species recognition provided encouraging results.
Olson, C. E., Jr.↗
An electrolytic process for ultra fine beryllium
Studies were made on the electrolysis of a molten BeCl2-NaCl bath using a mercury cathode and beryllium anode. A quasi-amalgam was obtained. The beryllium was consolidated by direct hot pressing of the amalgam at temperatures in the range of 800 C and using pressures of 5,000, 10,000 and 20,000 psi. The work confirms the ability to produce ultrafine beryllium particles by electrolysis.
Lidman, W. G.↗
Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stress
Measurements on foliage samples collected from several drought and salt treated plants revealed that leaf thickness decreased with increasing severity of the drought treatment and increased with increasing severity of treatment with NaCl, but remained essentially unaffected by treatment with CaCl2. Airborne data collected by multispectral scanner indicated that false color images provide selective enhancement of a diseased area. Comparison of simulated and actual aerial color and color IR photography revealed that the color renditions of the MSS simulations agreed closely with those of the actual photography.
Olson, C. E., Jr.↗
Study of sulfospinels
Several new compounds with the formula AB2S4 were synthesized. Pressure-induced polymorphism of the sulfospinels was investigated. Sulfospinels which produced new high-pressure phases were NiRh2S4, FeYb2S4, In2S3, CrIn2S4, NiIn2S4, CoIn2S4 and MnIn2S4. The only sulfospinels which transformed to the NiAs derivatives were those in which A and B atoms had unfilled d-orbitals. P-T phase relations were investigated for a series of sulfochromites. Thin films of several ACr2S4 sulfospinels were prepared by a flash evaporization technique on the (111) and (100) planes of NaCl and on the (100) plane of Mgo.
Tressler, R. E.↗
Elastic properties of alpha quartz and the alkali halides based on an interatomic force model.
A two-body central-force atomic model can be used to describe accurately the elastic properties of alpha quartz if the nontetrahedral O:O forces are included. The strength of the Si:O interaction has little effect on the bulk modulus. The technique is sufficiently general to allow calculations of the elastic properties of a specified structure under arbitrary pressure from a complete description of the interatomic forces. The elastic constants for the NaCl structure and the CsCl structure are examined. Our model includes two-body, central, anion-anion, anion-cation, and electrostatic interactions.
Weidner, D. J.↗
Threonine deaminase from extremely halophilic bacteria - Cooperative substrate kinetics and salt dependence.
The effect of salt on the activity, stability, and allosteric properties of catabolic threonine deaminase from Halobacterium cutirubrum was studied. The enzyme exhibits sigmoidal kinetics with the substrate, threonine. The Hill slope is 1.55 at pH 10. The enzyme is activated by ADP at low substrate concentrations. In the presence of this effector, sigmoidal kinetics are no longer observed. At pH 10, in the absence of ADP, enzyme activity increases with increasing NaCl concentration from 0 to 4 M.
Lieberman, M. M.↗
Evidence of crystal structure in some sputtered MoS2 films.
Electron diffraction patterns and electron micrographs of molybdenum disulfide films sputtered on single-NaCl-crystal and electropolished-aluminum substrates are presented as evidence that crystalline MoS2 films can be sputtered onto various substrates in thicknesses up to 2 microns. Applied to Falex test pins and V-blocks, some of these films exhibited a wear life as long as 65 minutes at 1000 lb jaw load.
Lavik, M. T.↗
A mechanical property and stress corrosion evaluation of Custom 455 stainless steel alloy
The mechanical and stress corrosion properties are presented of vacuum melted Custom 455 stainless steel alloy bar (1.0-inch diameter) and sheet (0.083-inch thick) material aged at 950 F, 1000 F, and 1050 F. Low temperature mechanical properties were determined at temperatures of 80 F, 0 F, -100 F, and -200 F. For all three aging treatments, the ultimate tensile and 0.2 percent offset yield strengths increased with decreasing test temperatures while the elongation held fairly constant down to -100 F and decreased at -200 F. Reduction in Area decreased moderately with decreasing temperature for the longitudinal round (0.250-inch diameter) specimens. Notched tensile strength and charpy V-notched impact strength decreased with decreasing test temperature. For all three aging treatments, no failures were observed in the unstressed specimens or the specimens stressed to 50, 75, and 100 percent of their yield strengths for 180 days of alternate immersion testing in a 3.5 percent NaCl solution. As indicated by the results of tensile tests performed after alternate immersion testing, the mechanical properties of Custom 455 alloy were not affected by stress or exposure under the conditions of the evaluation.
Montano, J. W.↗