A cross-correlation technique for measuring the short-term properties of stable oscillators
Cross correlation technique for measuring short term properties of stable oscillators
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Cross correlation technique for measuring short term properties of stable oscillators
Theory for open-ended circular cylindrical microwave cavities developed by using Laplace transform and Wiener-Hope techniques
Microwave measurement of protein hydration and end group anisotropic activity - microwave cavity and controlled environment chamber design
Ground systems, propagation paths, microwave conversion, and spacecraft antenna related to active communications satellites
Fade margin and median received signal power for reliable microwave propagation
Current-voltage characteristics of CW X-band GaAs microwave Gunn generator
Hologram television transmission using microwave wavelength, yielding aperture-limited resolution and aperture-size reduction method for low resolution
Microwave absorption in compressed carbon dioxide between 150 and 300 gc measured, detecting no losses at 150 gc
Magnetostrictively generated microwave acoustic pulse in thin films of Dy, Ho, Gd and Er
Polarized EM wave propagation and microwave Faraday rotation in solid state plasma in circular waveguide under strong magnetic field
Atomic research on metastable atoms, resonance spectroscopy, and collision phenomena
Materials preparation and microwave bench measurements for zero-field traveling wave maser
Microwave propagation reliability over selected terrain in optical paths
Precision power measurements of spacecraft CW SIGNAL level with microwave noise standards, noting Mariner IV application
It is suggested that the abundances of neutral non-polar interstellar molecules unobservable by radio astronomy can be systematically determined by radio observation of the protonated ions. As an example, observed N2H(+) column densities are analyzed to infer molecular nitrogen abundances in dense interstellar clouds. The chemistries and expected densities of the protonated ions of O2, C2, CO2, C2H2 and CH4 are then discussed. Microwave transition frequencies fo HCO2(+) and C2H3(+) are estimated, and a preliminary astronomical search for HCO2(+) is described.
It is suggested that the abundances of neutral nonpolar interstellar molecules unobservable by radio astronomy can be systematically determined by radio observation of the protonated ions. As an example, observed N2H(+) column densities are analyzed to infer molecular nitrogen abundances in dense interstellar clouds. The chemistries and expected densities of the protonated ions of O2, C2, CO2, C2H2, and CH4 are then discussed. Microwave transition frequencies for HCO2(+) and C2H3(+) are estimated, and a preliminary astronomical search for HCO2(+) is described.
The microwave brightness temperature measurements from the Electrically Scanned Microwave Radiometer (frequency = 37 GHz) are compared with oceanic wind measurements from data buoys. It is shown that the brightness temperature can be manipulated to yield a measure of the surface roughening which can be very well accounted for by a simple geometric optics model. The data of 1.4, 8.36 and 19.34 GHz were similarly manipulated and shown to require a surface with less slope variance than predicted by optical measurements. It is also shown that the surface may be treated as isotropic to an accuracy equivalent to the roughening produced by a 2 m/s wind speed increment.
The microwave brightness temperature measurements from the electrically scanned microwave radiometer (frequency = 37 GHz) are compared with oceanic wind measurements from data buoys. It is shown that the brightness temperature can be manipulated to yield a measure of the surface roughening, which can be very well accounted for by a simple geometric optics model. The data of Hollinger (1971) at 1.4, 8, 36, and 19.34 GHz were similarly manipulated and shown to require a surface with less slope variance than that predicted by the Cox and Munk (1955) optical measurements. It is also shown that the surface may be treated as isotropic to an accuracy equivalent to the roughening produced by a 2-m/s wind speed increment.