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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 667 records · Page 37
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

Type-I superconductor pick-up coil in superconducting quantum interference device-based ultra-low field nuclear magnetic resonance

In ultra-low field nuclear magnetic resonance (ULF-NMR) with strong prepolarization field (B{sub p}), type-II superconducting pick-up coils may be vulnerable to flux pinning from the strong B{sub p}. Pick-up coils made of NbTi, Nb, and Pb were evaluated in terms of acquired NMR signal quality. The type-II pick-up coils showed degraded signals above 61 mT maximum exposure, while the Pb pick-up coil exhibited no such degradation. Furthermore, a negative counter pulse following a strong B{sub p} was shown to follow magnetic hysteresis loop to unpin the trapped flux in the type-II pick-up coil and restore the NMR signal.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2014

Line interference effects using a refined Robert-Bonamy formalism: The test case of the isotropic Raman spectra of autoperturbed N{sub 2}

A symmetrized version of the recently developed refined Robert-Bonamy formalism [Q. Ma, C. Boulet, and R. H. Tipping, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 034305 (2013)] is proposed. This model takes into account line coupling effects and hence allows the calculation of the off-diagonal elements of the relaxation matrix, without neglecting the rotational structure of the perturbing molecule. The formalism is applied to the isotropic Raman spectra of autoperturbed N{sub 2} for which a benchmark quantum relaxation matrix has recently been proposed. The consequences of the classical path approximation are carefully analyzed. Methods correcting for effects of inelasticity are considered. While in the right direction, these corrections appear to be too crude to provide off diagonal elements which would yield, via the sum rule, diagonal elements in good agreement with the quantum results. In order to overcome this difficulty, a re-normalization procedure is applied, which ensures that the off-diagonal elements do lead to the exact quantum diagonal elements. The agreement between the (re-normalized) semi-classical and quantum relaxation matrices is excellent, at least for the Raman spectra of N{sub 2}, opening the way to the analysis of more complex molecular systems.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2015

Electrochemical cell for in situ electrodeposition of magnetic thin films in a superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer

An electrochemical cell is designed and applied for in situ electrodeposition of magnetic thin films in a commercial SQUID magnetometer system. The cell is constructed in such a way that any parasitic contribution of the cell and of the substrate for electrodeposition to the magnetic moment of the deposited film is reduced to a minimum. A remanent minor contribution is readily taken into account by a proper analysis of the detected signal. Thus, a precise determination of the absolute magnetic moment of the electrodeposited magnetic film during its growth and dissolution is achieved. The feasibility of the cell design is demonstrated by performing Co electrodeposition using cyclic voltammetry. For an average Co film thickness of (35.6 ± 3.0) atomic layers, a magnetic moment per Co atom of (1.75 ± 0.11) μ{sub B} was estimated, in good agreement with the literature bulk value.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2011

Optimizing separation of iodine from halogen interferences in preparation for TIMS analysis

Low-level analysis of radioiodine performed by TIMS requires an initial chemical separation from interfering higher electron-affinity halogens. Experiments using 125I and 36Cl tracers have shown that iodide can be selectively oxidized and purged from solution while the chloride remains in the solution. A systematic investigation of the experimental factors that affect the oxidation and transfer of iodine along with the separation of iodide from chloride has been completed. Experimental design was used to determine the optimum experimental conditions by obtaining a better understanding of factor affects and interactions. Factors such as gas purge rate, experiment run time, and oxidant concentration were simultaneously studied in a central composite design of experiments and response surfaces were generated from results. Optimizing experimental factors resulted in improved iodide oxidation and transfer efficiencies, halogen separation, and shorter analysis times.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2025

Optical Interference for the Guidance of Cryogenic Focused Ion Beam Milling Beyond the Axial Diffraction Limit

Using a tri-coincident cryogenic FIB-SEM-LM system, we identify an interferometric optical response that can be used for targeting lamella production to fluorescently labelled structures with accuracy beyond the diffraction limit. We demonstrate the approach using synthetic samples of fluorescent beads embedded in micron-scale droplets of water. Here, we then apply the approach to capture virions inside host cells. Successful targeting is confirmed by cryogenic electron tomography revealing clusters of virions in intracellular vesicles.

Sica, Anthony V. [SLAC National Accelerator Labora↗
DOE OSTI2023

Coherent-control phase lag across doubly excited atomic strontium resonances in an ω - 2 ω interference scheme

Accurate calculations of phase lag associated with coherent control where an excited system decays into more than one product channel have recently been reported for atomic barium in Wang and Greene [Y. Wang and C. H. Greene, Phys. Rev. A 105, 013113 (2022)]. The present study extends the calculations to make predictions of that observable for another alkaline-earth-metal atom, strontium, with a discussion of its spectrum and phase lag for energies between the Sr + 4⁢d 3/2 and 4⁢d 5/2 thresholds. Here, we explore the physics influenced by the electron correlations of strontium and the long-range Coulomb potential. The behavior of the phase lag cannot be simply addressed by a time-delay analysis, although the latter is often used to address the prominent channel of resonance decay of doubly excited states.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Subcycle interference dynamics of time-resolved photoelectron holography with midinfrared laser pulses

Time-resolved photoelectron holography from atoms using midinfrared laser pulses is investigated by solving the corresponding time-dependent Schroedinger equation (TDSE) and a classical model, respectively. The numerical simulation of the photoelectron angular distribution of Xe irradiated with a low-frequency free-electron laser source agrees well with the experimental results. Different types of subcycle interferometric structures are predicted by the classical model. Furthermore with the TDSE model it is demonstrated that the holographic pattern is sensitive to the shape of the atomic orbitals. This is a step toward imaging by means of photoelectron holography.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Enhanced multiple-scattering and intra-half-cycle interferences in the photoelectron angular distributions of atoms ionized in midinfrared laser fields

We investigate the physical mechanisms responsible for fine structure in the photoelectron angular distributions from atoms subject to intense midinfrared laser fields by solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation in the ¨ integral form. By restricting the ionization to a half cycle of the laser field and then propagating the liberated electron wave packet during the laser pulse, we show conclusively that low-energy-momenta structure in the photoelectron angular distribution originates from multiple scatterings of the tunnel-ionized electron with the ion. We also show that two conditions must be satisfied simultaneously in order to observe prominent low-energy features. First, multiple scattering of the tunnel-ionized electron wave packet is necessary. Second, tunnel ionization must dominate over multiphoton ionization. In conclusion, while the first condition is generally satisfied for all laser wavelengths, the second condition is satisfied only for longer laser wavelengths.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Quantum interference between the optical Stark effect and resonant harmonic generation in WS 2

An applied field can modulate optical signals by resonance shifting via the Stark effect. The optical Stark effect uses ultrafast light in the transparency region of a material to shift resonances with speeds limited by the pulse duration or system coherence. In this Rapid Communication, we investigate the optical Stark effect in resonant optical harmonic generation using the A exciton transition of WS 2 . Multidimensional pump-harmonic-probe measurements, in which the probe is second- or third-harmonic emission, reveal not only large Stark shifts that are commensurate with the large optical susceptibilities common to WS 2 excitons, but also behaviors more complex than simple optical Stark effect treatments predict. We show how another manifestation of the Stark effect, brought forth by coherent photon exchange between the pump and harmonic generation fundamental fields, can strongly enhance or suppress harmonic generation.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗