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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 667 records · Page 37
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

An Eight-County Appraisal of the San Andres Residual Oil Zone (ROZ) 'Fairway' of the Permian Basin

This document assesses the size and distribution of the oil resource in an eight-county portion of the San Andres residual oil zone (ROZ) fairway in the Permian Basin. Using well log analysis, the study divided the ROZ into partitions, developed a database of geologic properties for each partition and estimated the oil in place in each partition. The study then used the FE/NETL CO 2 Prophet Model to estimate the oil that could be produced and CO 2 stored from applying CO 2 EOR to each partition. With the FE/NETL Onshore CO 2 EOR Cost Model, the commercially viable partitions were identified as those that could produce oil and store CO 2 economically at an oil price of $75/STB. The remaining geologically viable partitions could use CO 2 EOR to store CO 2 with production of oil to offset some of the costs. The database used for this study, and a report describing the database is available on NETL's website under the Collection Name Eight-County San Andres ROZ Appraisal.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2020

A Four-County Appraisal of the San Andres Residual Oil Zone (ROZ) 'Fairway' of the Permian Basin

This document assesses the size and distribution of the oil resource in a four-county portion of the San Andres residual oil zone (ROZ) fairway in the Permian Basin. Using well log analysis, the study divided the ROZ into partitions, developed a database of geologic properties for each partition and estimated the oil in place in each partition. The study then used the FE/NETL CO 2 Prophet Model to estimate the oil that could be produced and CO 2 stored from applying CO 2 EOR to each partition. With the FE/NETL Onshore CO 2 EOR Cost Model, the commercially viable partitions were identified as those that could produce oil and store CO 2 economically at an oil price of $75/STB. The remaining geologically viable partitions could use CO 2 EOR to store CO 2 with production of oil to offset some of the costs. The database used for this study, and a report describing the database is available on NETL's website under the Collection Name: Four-County San Andres ROZ Appraisal.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2016

A Comparison Study of Offshore Wind Support Structures with Monopiles and Jackets for U.S. Waters: Preprint

U.S. experience in offshore wind is limited, and high costs are expected unless innovations are introduced in one or multiple aspects of the project, from the installed technology to the balance of system (BOS). The substructure is the main single component responsible for the BOS capital expenditure (CapEx) and thus one that, if improved, could yield significant levelized cost of energy (LCOE) savings. For projects in U.S. waters, multimember, lattice structures (also known as jackets) can render required stiffness for transitional water depths at potentially lower costs than monopiles (MPs). In this study, we used a systems engineering approach to evaluate the LCOE of prototypical wind power plants at six locations along the eastern seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico for both types of support structures. Using a reference wind turbine and actual metocean conditions for the selected sites, we calculated loads for a parked and an operational situation, and we optimized the MP- and jacket-based support structures to minimize their overall mass. Using a suite of cost models, we then computed their associated LCOE. For all water depths, the MP-based configurations were heavier than their jacket counterparts, but the overall costs for the MPs were less than they were for jackets up to depths of slightly less than 30 m. When the associated manufacturing and installation costs were included, jackets resulted in lower LCOE for depths greater than 40 m. These results can be used by U.S. stakeholders to understand the potential for different technologies at different sites, but the methodology illustrated in this study can be further employed to analyze the effects of innovations and design choices throughout wind power plant systems.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

First-Principles Cost Estimation of a Sodium Fast Reactor Nuclear Plant

A multi-tiered cost analysis is performed to estimate full costs of a nuclear power plant (NPP) based on sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) technology. To address the lack of fully transparent cost estimations from past undertakings for NPPs, we have developed a detailed and first-principles-based cost estimate for a generalized SFR NPP. Our intent is to achieve a high degree of transparency with our cost assumptions and develop a cost model that is flexible and easily extendable to variations in NPP design and other nuclear reactor types. Furthermore, we strive to achieve a clear organization of costs and complete identification of key cost drivers based on first principles. To this end, the cost results of our analysis as given in Table 24 and Table 25 are organized and categorized into a code of accounts (COA) under development at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Varying degrees of first-principles methods are employed, such as design for manufacture and assembly® (DFMA® ), to elucidate costs in all process levels of the plant equipment, buildings and site structures, personnel, and other miscellaneous but significant cost elements. These approaches have been successfully applied in past cost analysis projects and are designed to enable rapid and flexible cost estimation. Application of these techniques for evaluating NPP costs is similar in concept to the full, detailed estimation of construction and fabrication costs determined in a later stage of NPP development. Note that our approach tries to avoid use of other past analysis results and data such as those from the legacy Energy Economic Data Base (EEDB) Program, as these resources are based on historical NPP costs and thus may not be indicative of new reactor technologies or construction and fabrication/manufacturing techniques. However, we provide a comparison of our SFR NPP cost results in Table 90 against those included in the EEDB for a representative pressurized water reactor (PWR).

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
NASA NTRS2003

Software Estimates Costs of Testing Rocket Engines

Simulation-Based Cost Model (SiCM), a discrete event simulation developed in Extend , simulates pertinent aspects of the testing of rocket propulsion test articles for the purpose of estimating the costs of such testing during time intervals specified by its users. A user enters input data for control of simulations; information on the nature of, and activity in, a given testing project; and information on resources. Simulation objects are created on the basis of this input. Costs of the engineering-design, construction, and testing phases of a given project are estimated from numbers and labor rates of engineers and technicians employed in each phase, the duration of each phase; costs of materials used in each phase; and, for the testing phase, the rate of maintenance of the testing facility. The three main outputs of SiCM are (1) a curve, updated at each iteration of the simulation, that shows overall expenditures vs. time during the interval specified by the user; (2) a histogram of the total costs from all iterations of the simulation; and (3) table displaying means and variances of cumulative costs for each phase from all iterations. Other outputs include spending curves for each phase.

Smith, C. L.↗
NASA NTRS2013

Team X Report #1401: Exoplanet Coronagraph STDT Study 2013-06

This document is intended to stimulate discussion of the topic described. All technical and cost analyses are preliminary. This document is not a commitment to work, but is a precursor to a formal proposal if it generates sufficient mutual interest. The data contained in this document may not be modified in any way. Cost estimates described or summarized in this document were generated as part of a preliminary, first-order cost class identification as part of an early trade space study, are based on JPL-internal parametric cost modeling, assume a JPL in-house build, and do not constitute a commitment on the part of JPL or Caltech. JPL and Team X add cost reserves for development and operations. Unadjusted estimate totals and cost reserve allocations would be revised as needed in future more-detailed studies as appropriate for the specific cost-risks for a given mission concept.

cost estimating↗
DOE OSTI2025

LDES-Sizing-and-siting-model (Power grid test cases for long-duration energy storage (LDES) siting) [SWR-25-75]

This repository contains code and data for performing a siting analysis of long-duration energy storage (LDES) in the 5-bus and RTS systems using the Sienna suite developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for production cost modeling (PCM). This analysis involves moving the LDES component to different buses in the system, running a simulation, and considering the production cost of the simulation. Different system configurations are also analyzed with these scripts (such as moving load or renewable dispatch generators to different buses) to observe the impacts the system configuration has on optimal siting. This repository contains three sub directories discussed below. Both the 5-bus and RTS systems have two different initial configurations for the renewable energy components in them, one that is predominantly PV-driven and one that is predominantly wind-driven. Sienna suite can be found here: https://github.com/NREL-Sienna

Cole, David [University of Wisconsin]↗
NASA NTRS2012

JPL Innovation Foundry

Space science missions are increasingly challenged today: in ambition, by increasingly sophisticated hypotheses tested; in development, by the increasing complexity of advanced technologies; in budgeting, by the decline of flagship-class mission opportunities; in management, by expectations for breakthrough science despite a risk-averse programmatic climate; and in planning, by increasing competition for scarce resources. How are the space-science missions of tomorrow being formulated? The paper describes the JPL Innovation Foundry, created in 2011, to respond to this evolving context. The Foundry integrates methods, tools, and experts that span the mission concept lifecycle. Grounded in JPL's heritage of missions, flight instruments, mission proposals, and concept innovation, the Foundry seeks to provide continuity of support and cost-effective, on-call access to the right domain experts at the right time, as science definition teams and Principal Investigators mature mission ideas from "cocktail napkin" to PDR. The Foundry blends JPL capabilities in proposal development and concurrent engineering, including Team X, with new approaches for open-ended concept exploration in earlier, cost-constrained phases, and with ongoing research and technology projects. It applies complexity and cost models, projectformulation lessons learned, and strategy analyses appropriate to each level of concept maturity. The Foundry is organizationally integrated with JPL formulation program offices; staffed by JPL's line organizations for engineering, science, and costing; and overseen by senior Laboratory leaders to assure experienced coordination and review. Incubation of each concept is tailored depending on its maturity and proposal history, and its highest leverage modeling and analysis needs.

mission development↗
DOE OSTI2018

HVPE-Grown GaAs//Si Tandem Device Performance

The performance of III-V//Si tandem devices has successfully exceeded the theoretical efficiency limit of single junction Si devices (29.4%) yet the costs associated with these high-efficiency tandem devices are still too high to compete with today's conventional Si solar cells. Recent cost modeling efforts suggest that hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) could be adopted as an alternative growth technique to metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) because the costs of HVPE are substantially lower and the performance of devices fabricated from HVPE materials are continuously improving. This study reports on our first results of a HVPE-grown GaAs top cell mechanically stacked on a Si bottom cell.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2018

Characterizing the LCA Impacts of Saline Aquifer CO2 Sequestration Systems - LCAXVIII

This work was presented at the American Center for Life Cycle Assessment (ACLCA) LCAXVIII Conference in Fort Collins, CO on September 25, 2018. The purpose of this work is to characterize the LCA impacts of saline aquifer CO2 sequestration systems. The LCA model developed can assess the TRACI impacts of any of the 226 saline aquifer formations identified in the U.S. and included in the NETL’s Saline Storage Cost Model (SSCM). The output from the SSCM for each formation is used to inform aquifer performance and injectability, which drives CO2 storage capacity, as well as construction and closure activities. In addition, brine management approaches for each scenario are derived from the SSCM. The evaluation of individual formations allows a more statistically robust evaluation of the potential for saline storage and the potential environmental tradeoffs associated with saline storage.

Skone, Timothy J.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Multiscale Electricity Modeling for Evaluating Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies (MEME-CCS)

This effort employs and adapts a rigorous multiscale electricity modeling platform at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to evaluate carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) and negative emissions technologies (NET) from the ARPA-E FLECCS program. NREL's modeling platform includes the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) electric sector capacity expansion model, which projects future electricity generation mixes at sub-state-level resolution that are downscaled to the unit-level to enable hourly, zonal or nodal electricity production cost modeling in the PLEXOS model. The ReEDS-PLEXOS modeling suite is well-established for examining electric sector futures with high renewable energy penetrations, energy storage, electrification, and distributed generation. The key advancement proposed herein utilizes collaboration with CCS experts at the University of Wyoming (U.WY) and the FLECCS technology development teams to create innovative methods for representing CCS and NET in the ReEDS and PLEXOS models. Expanded technology options and new operational parameterizations are integrated into these models to allow an unprecedented combination of scope and resolution for exploring the future of CCS and NET. The resulting capabilities permit wide-ranging scenario analysis to assess CCS and NET deployment under alternative scenarios of CO2 prices and competitiveness of flexible CCS and NET technologies. We demonstrate sample deployment and operational outcomes to show how these models are being used to assess the future potential for FLECCS technologies and their impacts on the U.S. electricity system. These products will help an emerging CCS/NET industry in the United States by providing economics-driven guidance to technology developers while informing policy and investment decisions in the public and private sectors.

capacity expansion↗
DOE OSTI2012

Manufacturing Process Modeling of 100-400 kW e Combined Heat and Power Stationary Fuel Cell Systems

A one year project to examine the processes employed in the manufacture of combined heat and power stationary fuel cells operating in the 100-400kWe range was commissioned in June 2010. The results of this project would be used to inform decision makers in charge of allocating R&D resources by highlighting the most expensive steps in the manufacturing process where processing alternatives might have the greatest potential for high impact cost reduction. Three fuel cell technologies were examined: phosphoric acid (PAFC), molten carbonate (MCFC), and solid oxide (SOFC) fuel cells. Two fuel cell technologies, PAFC and MCFC, are represented by commercially available products within the study boundaries. United Technologies Corporation (UTC) offers the PureCell 400 ® , a 400 kWe combined heat and power PAFC system. FuelCell Energy (FCE) offers the DFC-300 ® , a 375 kWe combined heat and power MCFC. A combined heat and power SOFC within the study boundaries is not available in the marketplace at the time of this study. Process based cost models using 2010 dollars were developed for each fuel cell technology. For all three technologies, model boundaries encompassed all direct and indirect materials; direct and indirect labor; capital, maintenance, tooling, floor space, and energy costs associated with the manufacturing process. Cost estimates were developed with academic and patent literature, industry partners, supplier quotations, Monte Carlo simulation software, and DFMA software. Life cycle and non-manufacturing costs such as sales, administration, R&D, office floor space, and profit were not quantified. Results presented are for assumed annual production volumes of 5, 20, 50, and 500 MWe/yr, and expressed in terms of dollars per kilowatt of electrical energy. A model baseline production volume of 20 MWe/yr (similar to recent production volumes experienced by UTC and FCE) was assumed for all three technologies.

Warren, Joshua A.↗
DOE OSTI2024

CO2 Saline Storage Talk at the University of Wyoming

These are slides presented virtually to a class on Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) at the University of Wyoming in Laramie WY. The talk was on the basics of carbon storage in saline formations and reviewed basic geology, important physical properties of CO2 and brine, how fluids flow in the subsurface, environmental risks associated with CO2 storage, the regulations governing CO2 saline storage, and high-level design considerations. The FECM/NETL CO2 Saline Storage Cost Model was used to illustrate how geologic properties vary in different regions of the US (PA, IL and WY) and how the performance of CO2 storage and the cost of CO2 CO2 saline storage depends on geology (October 23, 2024).

Morgan, David↗
DOE OSTI2022

Multiscale Electricity Modeling for Evaluating Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies (MEME-CCS)

This effort employs and adapts an existing, rigorous multiscale electricity modeling platform at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) to evaluate carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) and negative emissions technologies (NET) from the ARPA-E FLECCS program. NREL's modeling platform includes the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) electric sector capacity expansion model, which projects future electricity generation mixes at sub-state-level resolution that are downscaled to the unit-level to enable hourly, zonal or nodal electricity production cost modeling in the PLEXOS model. The resulting hourly price data from PLEXOS is provided to technology developers under the ARPA-E FLECCS program to enable technology-specific economic analysis. The ReEDS-PLEXOS modeling suite is well-established for examining electric sector futures with high renewable energy penetrations, energy storage, electrification, and distributed generation. The key advancement proposed herein utilizes collaboration with CCS experts at the University of Wyoming and the FLECCS teams to create innovative methods for representing CCS and NET in the ReEDS and PLEXOS models. Expanded technology options, new operational parameterizations, and detailed data defining CO2 capture, transportation, and storage systems are being integrated into these models to allow an unprecedented combination of scope and resolution for exploring the future of CCS and NET. The resulting capabilities will take advantage of high-performance computing resources to permit wide-ranging scenario analysis to assess CCS and NET deployment under alternative CO2 prices, fossil fuel prices, electricity demand growth, and other electric sector characteristics. Final outcomes will include publicly available hourly grid operation and price data for any U.S. region of interest along with open-access capacity expansion tools for evaluating CCS/NET systems. These products will help an emerging CCS/NET industry in the United States by providing economics-driven guidance to technology developers while informing policy and investment decisions in the public and private sectors.

air capture↗
DOE OSTI2024

Evaluating Property Model Accuracy for Cost Optimization of Desalination Technologies

Conference presentation conveying work conducted on property modeling and implications on cost optimization of seawater desalination technology. The authors assess the accuracy of four different property modeling approaches to represent thermodynamic properties of seawater. These properties are used with process flowsheets that include either reverse osmosis or mechanical vapor compression. The accuracy of property estimation is related to deviations in process design and levelized cost.

Sakhai, Savannah↗
DOE OSTI2018

How low can you go? The importance of quantifying minimum generation levels for renewable integration

One of the significant limitations of solar and wind deployment is declining value caused by the limited correlation of renewable energy supply and electricity demand as well as limited flexibility of the power system. Limited flexibility can result from thermal and hydro plants that cannot turn off or reduce output due to technical or economic limits. These limits include the operating range of conventional thermal power plants, the need for process heat from combined heat and power plants, and restrictions on hydro unit operation. To appropriately analyze regional and national energy policies related to renewable deployment, these limits must be accurately captured in grid planning models. In this work, we summarize data sources and methods for U.S. power plants that can be used to capture minimum generation levels in grid planning tools, such as production cost models. We also provide case studies for two locations in the U.S. (California and Texas) that demonstrate the sensitivity of variable generation (VG) curtailment to grid flexibility assumptions which shows the importance of analyzing (and documenting) minimum generation levels in studies of increased VG penetration.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Technoeconomic Analysis of the Electrochemically Mediated Amine Regeneration CO 2 Capture Process

The electrochemically mediated amine regeneration (EMAR) process presents an alternative route to the conventional thermal amine regeneration for carbon capture from a flue gas source. In this study, we conducted an economic analysis on the EMAR system for postcombustion CO2 capture from a 550 MWe power plant capturing 3.1 MtCO2 annually and from a mini steel mill with annual capture close to 170 ktCO2. We followed the recommendation of the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) 2010 report to estimate the cost of CO2 avoided ([$/tCO2]). Detailed cost modeling of the electrochemical separation stage was conducted. This is integrated with the entire process flowsheet (e.g., including absorber, compressor, pumps, and other auxiliary equipment). Here, we identified the membrane cost as the dominant capital cost for the electrochemical separation train. At a membrane unit price of less than 10/m2, the CO2 capture cost can be reduced to below 50/tCO2 with optimized process conditions (e.g., desorption pressure and utilization of waste heat). Improvements in process design, cell construction, and solvent formulation may lead to additional reductions in the CO2 capture cost.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗