Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “CS(NO)2”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 667 records · Page 37
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsK2Yb(PO4)2 by Materials Project

CsK2Yb(PO4)2 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form CsO12 cuboctahedra that share edges with six equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent PO4 tetrahedra, and faces with two equivalent YbO6 octahedra. There are six shorter (3.21 Å) and six longer (3.40 Å) Cs–O bond lengths. K1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to ten O2- atoms. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.79–3.30 Å. Yb3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form YbO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent PO4 tetrahedra and faces with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. All Yb–O bond lengths are 2.31 Å. P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent YbO6 octahedra and edges with three equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 15°. There is one shorter (1.55 Å) and three longer (1.56 Å) P–O bond length. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three equivalent Cs1+, one K1+, and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, three equivalent K1+, one Yb3+, and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsCr(MoO4)2 by Materials Project

CsCr(MoO4)2 crystallizes in the trigonal P-3m1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form CsO12 cuboctahedra that share edges with six equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra, edges with six equivalent MoO4 tetrahedra, and faces with two equivalent CrO6 octahedra. There are six shorter (3.31 Å) and six longer (3.38 Å) Cs–O bond lengths. Mo6+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form MoO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent CrO6 octahedra and edges with three equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 19°. There is one shorter (1.76 Å) and three longer (1.81 Å) Mo–O bond length. Cr3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form CrO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent MoO4 tetrahedra and faces with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. All Cr–O bond lengths are 2.00 Å. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one Mo6+, and one Cr3+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three equivalent Cs1+ and one Mo6+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Ultrasonication-assisted trace amount solvent synthesis of Cs 4 PbBr 6 crystal with ultra-bright green light emission

Cs 4 PbBr 6 crystals have been synthesized by an ultrasonication-assisted trace amount polar solvent method. The prepared green Cs 4 PbBr 6 material was found to have high photoluminescence (PL) brightness and 10 ns PL lifetime. The prepared green light emitting device can achieve the maximum brightness of 3.8 × 10 9 cd/m 2 , which is nearly 100 times higher than a wick. The white light emitting device based on Cs 4 PbBr 6 crystals has better performance than commercial products, which can cover 32.3% of the color gamut and achieves 107.3% coverage for International Commission on Illumination (CIE)1931 and 84.8% coverage for CIE1976.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsLi2(H2N)3 by Materials Project

CsLi2N3H4H2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four hydrogen molecules and two CsLi2N3H4 ribbons oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In each CsLi2N3H4 ribbon, Cs1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent N3- and two equivalent H1+ atoms. Both Cs–N bond lengths are 2.98 Å. Both Cs–H bond lengths are 2.97 Å. Li1+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to four N3- atoms. There are two shorter (1.99 Å) and two longer (2.17 Å) Li–N bond lengths. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Li1+ and two equivalent N3- atoms. Both N–N bond lengths are 1.33 Å. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, two equivalent Li1+, and one N3- atom. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one H1+ atom. The H–H bond length is 0.76 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Cs1+ and one H1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsLi5Mn(P2O7)2 by Materials Project

CsLi5Mn(P2O7)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbcn space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form distorted CsO12 cuboctahedra that share corners with eight LiO4 tetrahedra, edges with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra, an edgeedge with one MnO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra, and edges with eight PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.20–3.72 Å. There are three inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra, corners with two equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, an edgeedge with one CsO12 cuboctahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.01 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra, corners with two equivalent MnO6 octahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 67–71°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.05 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.00 Å) and two longer (2.53 Å) Li–O bond lengths. Mn2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted MnO6 octahedra that share corners with four equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one CsO12 cuboctahedra. There are two shorter (2.19 Å) and four longer (2.26 Å) Mn–O bond lengths. There are two inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one MnO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, corners with five LiO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 54°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.65 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent MnO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 52–60°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.65 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Cs1+ and two equivalent P5+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one Mn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Li1+, one Mn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, two Li1+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Cs1+, two equivalent Li1+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, one Mn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Cs1+ and two equivalent P5+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, two Li1+, and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Structural dynamics of laser-ionized cis-stilbene studied by ultrafast electron diffraction

Stilbene has been a model system for studying photoisomerization upon absorption of a UV photon. Although the dynamics of the first excited state have been investigated in great detail, the structural dynamics of cationic states remains largely experimentally unexplored. In this study, the dynamics following ionization via absorption of two UV photons was captured using ultrafast electron diffraction. cis-stilbene (CS) was optically pumped with 267 nm ultraviolet light with two different pump fluences and probed with 3.7 MeV electrons. We compare our experimental results to ab-initio multiple spawning simulations for single-photon excitation and molecular dynamics simulations for ionization in order to separate the contributions from the two channels. We found that with a fluence of 170 mJ cm −2 both the single and two-photon channels are present, while with higher fluence of 280 mJ cm −2 the two-photon channel dominates. We did not observe isomerization of the CS cation and found the main structural motion a to be a vibration of the phenyl rings about the central C–C bond.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Heterogeneous M-N-C Catalysts for Aerobic Oxidation Reactions: Lessons from Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts

Nonprecious metal heterogeneous catalysts composed of first-row transition metals incorporated into nitrogen-doped carbon matrices (M-N-Cs) have been studied for decades as leading alternatives to Pt for the electrocatalytic O 2 reduction reaction (ORR). More recently, similar M-N-C catalysts have been shown to catalyze the aerobic oxidation of organic molecules. Here, this Focus Review highlights mechanistic similarities and distinctions between these two reaction classes and then surveys the aerobic oxidation reactions catalyzed by M-N-Cs. As the active-site structures and kinetic properties of M-N-C aerobic oxidation catalysts have not been extensively studied, the array of tools and methods used to characterize ORR catalysts are presented with the goal of supporting further advances in the field of aerobic oxidation.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsVZn(PO3)6 by Materials Project

CsVZn(PO3)6 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.11–3.61 Å. V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.03–2.08 Å. Zn2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form ZnO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Zn–O bond distances ranging from 2.05–2.10 Å. There are six inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one ZnO6 octahedra, and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one ZnO6 octahedra, and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 40–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one ZnO6 octahedra, and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one ZnO6 octahedra, and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent ZnO6 octahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.63 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent VO6 octahedra and corners with two PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 42°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. There are eighteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Zn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V3+ and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Zn2+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one Zn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one Zn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one Zn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one Zn2+, and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Cs1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsLi(H2N)2 by Materials Project

CsLi(NH2)2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_222 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent H1+ atoms. All Cs–H bond lengths are 3.40 Å. Li1+ is bonded to four equivalent N3- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing LiN4 trigonal pyramids. All Li–N bond lengths are 2.13 Å. N3- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Li1+ and two equivalent H1+ atoms. Both N–H bond lengths are 1.03 Å. H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two equivalent Cs1+ and one N3- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Characterization of Tank 11H Samples from Tank Closure Cesium Removal (TCCR) Batch 3 - Intermediate and Final Samples

Savannah River Remediation (SRR) is currently operating the Tank Closure Cesium Removal (TCCR) process to remove 137 Cs from tank waste supernate using an ion exchange process. The TCCR unit processes dissolved salt from Tank 10H through a series of ion exchange columns containing crystalline silicotitanate (CST) and the effluent is then discharged to Tank 11H. Four interim samples pulled from Tank 11H during and just after the completion of processing of Batch 3 through the TCCR process have been analyzed for 137 Cs activity and density. The 137 Cs activity was found to decrease with each subsequent sample, which is consistent with the addition of decontaminated solution to Tank 11H. When compared to the expected composition from mixing the Tank 10H Batch 3 feed with the material already present in Tank 11H, the bulk chemical composition was as expected. A corrosion control sample collected from Tank 11H in June 2020 showed changes in the chemical composition and 137 Cs activity when compared to the composition measured at the end of Batch 2 processing. As there were no additions made to the tank during this period, these changes were attributed to leaching of the solids present in Tank 11H. Additional analyses of the 4 th interim sample are pending and will be documented in a revision to this report.

11H↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsRb(MnCl3)2 by Materials Project

RbCsMn2Cl6 is (Cubic) Perovskite-derived structured and crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Cs1+ sites. In the first Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded to twelve Cl1- atoms to form CsCl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with two equivalent RbCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with four equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with six MnCl6 octahedra, faces with four CsCl12 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent RbCl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with six MnCl6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 14°. There are a spread of Cs–Cl bond distances ranging from 3.67–3.78 Å. In the second Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded to twelve Cl1- atoms to form CsCl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent RbCl12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight MnCl6 octahedra. There are six shorter (3.70 Å) and six longer (3.72 Å) Cs–Cl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Rb1+ sites. In the first Rb1+ site, Rb1+ is bonded to twelve Cl1- atoms to form RbCl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with six equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with six equivalent MnCl6 octahedra, faces with eight RbCl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with six equivalent MnCl6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 14°. There are six shorter (3.63 Å) and six longer (3.76 Å) Rb–Cl bond lengths. In the second Rb1+ site, Rb1+ is bonded to twelve Cl1- atoms to form RbCl12 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with eight equivalent RbCl12 cuboctahedra, faces with two equivalent RbCl12 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight MnCl6 octahedra. There are a spread of Rb–Cl bond distances ranging from 3.64–3.69 Å. There are two inequivalent Mn2+ sites. In the first Mn2+ site, Mn2+ is bonded to six Cl1- atoms to form MnCl6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one RbCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with two equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with three MnCl6 octahedra, faces with three CsCl12 cuboctahedra, faces with four RbCl12 cuboctahedra, and a faceface with one MnCl6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. There are a spread of Mn–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.54–2.56 Å. In the second Mn2+ site, Mn2+ is bonded to six Cl1- atoms to form MnCl6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent CsCl12 cuboctahedra, corners with three equivalent MnCl6 octahedra, faces with three equivalent RbCl12 cuboctahedra, faces with four CsCl12 cuboctahedra, and a faceface with one MnCl6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 1°. All Mn–Cl bond lengths are 2.55 Å. There are seven inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cs1+, two equivalent Rb1+, and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cs1+, three Rb1+, and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms. The Cl–Cs bond length is 3.70 Å. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Cs1+, one Rb1+, and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cs1+, three Rb1+, and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms. Both Cl–Rb bond lengths are 3.69 Å. Both Cl–Mn bond lengths are 2.54 Å. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to three Cs1+, one Rb1+, and two Mn2+ atoms. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four Rb1+ and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms. In the seventh Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cs1+, three Rb1+, and two equivalent Mn2+ atoms. Both Cl–Mn bond lengths are 2.54 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cs2Li3B3P6(PbO12)2 by Materials Project

Li3Cs2Pb2B3P6O24 crystallizes in the cubic P2_13 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Cs1+ sites. In the first Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.29–3.50 Å. In the second Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are three shorter (3.22 Å) and three longer (3.40 Å) Cs–O bond lengths. Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one PbO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–1.98 Å. B3+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form BO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. There is two shorter (1.47 Å) and two longer (1.48 Å) B–O bond length. There are two inequivalent Pb2+ sites. In the first Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted PbO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra and edges with three equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra. There are three shorter (2.47 Å) and three longer (2.73 Å) Pb–O bond lengths. In the second Pb2+ site, Pb2+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.46–3.24 Å. There are two inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one PbO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two equivalent BO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 64°. There is two shorter (1.53 Å) and two longer (1.58 Å) P–O bond length. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one PbO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two equivalent BO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 40°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.53–1.57 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, one Pb2+, and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one B3+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one B3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one B3+, one Pb2+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, one Pb2+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one B3+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Li1+, one Pb2+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, one Pb2+, and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsMgAs(H6O5)2 by Materials Project

CsMgAs(H6O5)2 crystallizes in the cubic F-43m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded to twelve equivalent O2- atoms to form distorted CsO12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra and faces with four equivalent MgO6 octahedra. All Cs–O bond lengths are 3.66 Å. Mg2+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share faces with four equivalent CsO12 cuboctahedra. All Mg–O bond lengths are 2.10 Å. As5+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four equivalent O2- atoms. All As–O bond lengths are 1.73 Å. H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.00 Å) and one longer (1.66 Å) H–O bond length. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one As5+ and three equivalent H1+ atoms to form corner-sharing OAsH3 tetrahedra. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Cs1+, one Mg2+, and two equivalent H1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsRbC2 by Materials Project

CsRbC2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six equivalent C1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–C bond distances ranging from 3.49–3.68 Å. Rb1+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to six equivalent C1- atoms. There are a spread of Rb–C bond distances ranging from 3.12–3.23 Å. C1- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Cs1+, three equivalent Rb1+, and one C1- atom. The C–C bond length is 1.27 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Determination of the Collins-Soper Kernel from Lattice QCD

We present lattice results for the non-perturbative Collins-Soper (CS) kernel, which describes the energy-dependence of transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs). The CS kernel is extracted from the ratios of first Mellin moments of quasi-TMDs evaluated at different nucleon momenta. The analysis is done with dynamical N f = 2 + 1 clover fermions for the CLS ensemble H101 (a = 0. 0854 fm, m π = m K = 422 MeV). The computed CS kernel is in good agreement with experimental extractions and previous lattice studies.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2025

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated with Pretreatment Techniques Utilized for Biosugar Production

Less carbon-intensive production of biosugars from lignocellulosic materials can lead to improved manufacturing of biofuels and bioproducts. In this study, the production of biosugars is analyzed to understand the potential of producing bioproducts from biosugars with a low carbon intensity. Life-cycle assessment is conducted on five lignocellulosic feedstocks along with seven pretreatment techniques to produce biosugars as an important platform intermediate for producing bioproducts. The production of electricity using lignin with and without heat integration was also incorporated. In addition, seven bioproducts are analyzed for the estimation of the GHG emissions budget, which represents the emissions available to convert, separate, and upgrade biosugars into bioproducts within the 70% emissions reduction target. Corn stover-deacetylation and dilute acid pretreatment (CS-DDA) provide the lowest GHG emissions for biosugar (0.03 kg CO 2 eq/kg biosugar) and thereby the highest GHG emissions budget for the case of lactic acid production (3.76 kg CO 2 eq/kg lactic acid). Natural gas and chemicals are the major contributors to all of the pretreatment techniques under study. The outcomes from this study can benefit the advancement of upcoming biobased processes that meet decarbonization targets.

Biopolymers↗
DOE OSTI2020

Evidence for quark-matter cores in massive neutron stars

The theory governing the strong nuclear force—quantum chromodynamics—predicts that at sufficiently high energy densities, hadronic nuclear matter undergoes a deconfinement transition to a new phase of quarks and gluons. Although this has been observed in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, it is currently an open question whether quark matter exists inside neutron stars. By combining astrophysical observations and theoretical ab initio calculations in a model-independent way, we find that the inferred properties of matter in the cores of neutron stars with mass corresponding to 1.4 solar masses (M ⊙ ) are compatible with nuclear model calculations. However, the matter in the interior of maximally massive stable neutron stars exhibits characteristics of the deconfined phase, which we interpret as evidence for the presence of quark-matter cores. For the heaviest reliably observed neutron stars with mass M ≈ 2M ⊙ , the presence of quark matter is found to be linked to the behaviour of the speed of sound cs in strongly interacting matter. If the conformal bound ${c}_{\rm{s}}^{2}\le 1/3$ is not strongly violated, massive neutron stars are predicted to have sizable quark-matter cores. This finding has important implications for the phenomenology of neutron stars and affects the dynamics of neutron star mergers with at least one sufficiently massive participant.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cs6Si2O7 by Materials Project

Cs6Si2O7 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Cs1+ sites. In the first Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.01–3.53 Å. In the second Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.01–3.17 Å. In the third Cs1+ site, Cs1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 2.96–3.22 Å. Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing SiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.65–1.72 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to five Cs1+ and one Si4+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to four Cs1+ and two equivalent Si4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to five Cs1+ and one Si4+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to five Cs1+ and one Si4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗